scholarly journals Identifying People with Depression: The role of ‘Self Rated Health’

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Nafisa Huq ◽  
Tarzia Choudhury ◽  
Samia Aziz ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
M Omar Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
One Year ◽  
Independent University

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide. However, it is under recognized and undertreated. Self-rated health is a one-item question that has been used for population health monitoring. It was aimed to examine the prospect of using ‘self-rated health’ (SRH) in identifying people with depression among adult community-based population in Bangladesh over a one-year period controlling for socio-demographic, chronic diseases and symptoms, physical disability, smoking, and life events. We examined data from 3455 participants aged 18 years and above who participated in the 2015 January and 2016 January Health and Socio-Economic Survey of Independent University, Bangladesh. Using multiple logistic regressions, depression at baseline was examined to predict self-rated health at one-year follow-up adjusting for socio-demographic variables, chronic diseases, risk behaviors, and life events. Respondents with depression at baseline had 35% higher odds of reporting poor SRH in the follow-up round compared to those with no depression (OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.03 1.78, P<0.03). SRH may be used by community health workers as a preliminary indicator to identify people who may have depression followed by further screening and management for depression. South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.8(1) 2018: 10-16

The Prognosis of Depression in Old Age

1983 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
The Face ◽  
One Year ◽  
Severe Life Events

SummaryThe paper describes a one year prospective study of 124 elderly depressed patients. Only one third of the group had a good outcome. Poor outcome was associated with severity of initial illness, those with depressive delusions having a particularly poor outcome. Outcome was also influenced by physical health problems and severe life events in the follow-up year. Social class differences in outcome were thought to be due to class differences in the experience of severe life events. There was no evidence that an intimate relationship protected against relapse in the face of continuing life stress.

Individualized Behavioural Treatment of Severe Stuttering

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willi Ecker ◽  
Victor Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Oral Reading ◽  
Reading Improvement ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Cognitive Techniques ◽  
One Year

This case study illustrates the reduction of severe stuttering by an individually tailored treatment programme. Interventions are derived from a tripartite analysis (Lang, 1971) and include EMG biofeedback, regulated breathing, exposure in vivo to stressful communication situations and cognitive techniques to reduce relapse risk. The role of dysfunctional response system interactions in stuttering is emphasized. Treatment resulted in a marked reduction of stuttering and associated facial contortions during videotaped conversations with strangers and oral reading. Improvement was maintained at one-year follow-up.

Rehabilitation of the Institutionalized Patient: Description of a Programme and Follow-up of 60 Patients

1977 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. B. Baker ◽  
T. J. Woods ◽  
J. A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rehabilitation Unit ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bus Driver ◽  
One Year ◽  
Intensive Rehabilitation

SummaryThe programme in an intensive rehabilitation unit in a large psychiatric hospital is described. Features include the use of non-medical staff as primary therapists, the use of a mini-bus to facilitate regular visits by patients to their home areas, the inclusion of the mini-bus driver on weekly staff conferences, the use of sociodrama, the re-organization of hospital money payments to patients, the promotion of relations with community-based facilities through occasional ‘teach-in’ days, and a special liaison social worker providing intensive follow-up after discharge. Rehabilitation was prolonged (average stay about one year) and about half of those selected for rehabilitation from the long-stay wards were discharged. Follow-up showed that these patients benefited from discharge, in spite of a relatively high incidence of psychopathology and of social problems. Those transferred back to long-stay wards showed increased institutionalization.

scholarly journals Role of methyleprednisolone succinate in the management of acute spinal cord injury

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
NK Karn ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
R Rijal ◽  
P Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year

Objective: To see the role of methyleprednisolone succinate in the management of acute spinal cord injury. Methods: A randomized control trial was done including the patients with acute spinal cord injury. They were divided into age and gender matched two groups. Patients with presence of active infection, associated open fracture, those on long term steroid and those who did not give consent to participate in the trial were excluded. One group received methyleprednisolone succinate within 8 hours of injury and another group did not receive the drug. Both the groups were managed nonoperatively. The neurological status of the patients was assessed at presentation, once spinal shock was over, at 6th week and 6th month and after one year according to ASIA scoring. Frankel grading was also assessed in every follow up. Conclusion: Methylprednisolone succinct prevents secondary cord injury to a great extent and hence its administration within 8 hours of injury results in a better functional (motor and sensory) outcome. Keywords: acute spinal cord injury; methyleprednisolone succinate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i3.5585   HR 2011; 9(3): 168-172

scholarly journals HOME VISIT FOR APPLYING FAMILY NURSING: A PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Kusuma Wijaya Ridi Putra
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Community Nurse ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Family Nursing ◽  
Primary Health

The paradigm shift from hospital-based care to community-based care lead role of health workers in Primary Health Care became an important part in improving public welfare through the field of health. A community nurse is required to be able to make approaches to the community, including conducting a home visit, in order to increase public awareness and concern for their health level.Keywords: Home visit, family empowering, family nursing

A sustainable community based model of non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance: “SHRADDHA-JAGRITHI project” (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaideep Menon ◽  
Mathews Numpeli ◽  
Sajeev.P. Kunjan ◽  
Beena.V. Karimbuvayilil ◽  
Aswathy Sreedevi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract: India has a massive non-communicable disease (NCD) burden at an enormous cost to the individual, family, society and health system at large, in spite of which prevention and surveillance is relatively neglected. Risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease if diagnosed early and treated adequately would help decrease the mortality and morbidity burden. India is in a stage of rapid epidemiological transition with the state of Kerala being at the forefront, pointing us towards likely disease burden and outcomes for the rest of the country, in the future. A previous study done by the same investigators, in a population of >100,000, revealed poor awareness and treatment of NCDs and also poor adherence to medicines in individuals with CVD. The investigators are looking at a sustainable, community based model of surveillance for NCDs with corporate support wherein frontline health workers check all individuals in the target group ( > age 30 years) with further follow up and treatment planned in a “spoke and hub” model using the public health system of primary health centres (PHCs) as spokes to the hubs of Taluk or District hospitals. All data entry done by frontline health workers would be on a Tab PC ensuring rapid acquisition and transfer of participant health details to PHCs for further follow up and treatment. The model will be evaluated based on the utilisation rate of various services offered at all tier levels. The proportions of the target population screened, eligible individuals who reached the spoke or hub centres for risk stratification and care and community level control for hypertension and diabetes in annual surveys will be used as indicator variables. The model ensures diagnosis and follow up treatment at no cost to the individual entirely through the tiered public health system of the state and country.

Different Therapeutic Approaches and Outcome in the Treatment of Pterygium

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Karabatsas ◽  
G. W. Marsh ◽  
A. M. Cook ◽  
S. D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
One Year

Purpose This study was initiated to investigate the role of different therapeutic modalities in the outcome of the surgical treatment of pterygium. Methods The results of treatment of pterygia with a variety of surgical techniques were studied in 56 eyes (49 patients) operated on at Bristol Eye Hospital during a period of five years. The surgical techniques included simple excision; bare sclera; conjunctival autograft; sliding conjunctival flap; lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty. Twelve eyes received additional beta irradiation in a fractionated total dose of 40 Gys. Results The incidence of recurrence was 23.2% for the 43 treated primary pterygia, and 23% for the 13 recurrent pterygia. All recurrences occurred between 2.5 and 11 months postoperatively. None of the 11 cases where additional beta irradiation was used showed any recurrence or other complication within the study period. In the recurrent pterygia group, the cases treated with a combination of surgical excision and beta irradiation, showed significantly lower recurrence rate (p<0.001) compared to those cases treated with surgical excision alone. Conclusions Beta irradiation as a complement to surgical treatment of pterygium, is successful in treating high risk cases such as reoperations, whereas for the majority of primary pterygia surgical excision alone is adequate. Additionally, follow up of one year will reveal any recurrences.

Psychoendocrine antecedents of persistent first-episode major depression in adolescents: a community-based longitudinal enquiry

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. GOODYER ◽  
J. HERBERT ◽  
A. TAMPLIN
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Endocrine Features

Background. This longitudinal study investigated whether patterns of cortisol and DHEA that precede the onset of an episode of major depression influence time to recovery in a community ascertained sample of adolescents meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression.Method. Sixty adolescents aged 12 to 16 at high risk for psychiatric disorders were followed for 24 months. At 12 months, 30 had experienced an episode of major depression and 30 had not. The second follow-up repeated the psychiatric evaluations with all participants completing the Kiddie-SADS Schedule for Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders. Hormone characteristics and self-reports completed at entry (the Mood and Feelings questionnaire and the Ruminations scale) together with intervening undesirable life events in the 12 months prior to onset, were used to determine the best pattern of psychosocial and endocrine features to predict persistent major depression.Results. Compared to the never depressed (N=30) and remitted adolescents (N=19), persistently depressed cases (N=11) had a raised morning cortisol/DHEA ratio at entry. Only persistent cases had higher levels of self-reported depressive symptoms and ruminations at entry compared to never depressed. There was no difference in exposure to undesirable life events before onset of disorder between remitted and persistent groups. Logistic regression techniques showed that only the cortisol/DHEA ratio predicted persistence.Conclusions. In community adolescents at high risk for psychiatric disorder persistent major depression may be distinguished from sporadic forms by the 08.00 h salivary cortisol/DHEA ratio prior to onset.

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