Accuracy of Perception of Attitude: An Intergenerational Investigation

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Kurlychek ◽  
Terry Steven Trepper
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Probable Response ◽  
Higher Purpose ◽  
Purpose In Life Test

A group of 23 college students and a group of 21 60 + -yr.-olds responded to the Purpose-in-Life Test and the Collette-Lester Fear of Death Scale, both subjectively and in a manner they perceived the other generation would respond. Actual differences were found on two of the five measures; the older generation reported significantly higher purpose in life and less fear of personal death. Both groups rated the other as having less purpose in life and more fear of death and dying. The 60 + -yr.-old group was accurate in perceiving the college students' feeling of purpose in life, elevation of fear of personal death, and level of fear of the death of another, while the students accurately predicted the older group's ratings on the scales designed to measure the fear of dying of oneself and the feat of another's dying. A significant positive correlation was found between the raters' subjective response to Feat of Death of Others and their perceptions of the probable response of the other generation. Results, interpretations, and directions for future research are discussed.

Death Anxiety, Death Depression, and Death Obsession: A General Factor of Death Distress is Evident: A Reply

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1212-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Death Depression

A sample of 75 (16 men, and 59 women) Kuwaiti college students responded to Templer's and Collett-Lester Death Anxiety Scales, Templer, et al.'s Death Depression Scale and Abdel-Khalek's Death Obsession Scale. A general high-loaded factor of death distress was extracted using the total scores. However, in using the Collett-Lester four subscales, the Fear of Death and Dying of Others loaded on a second factor.

Comparison of Attitudes toward Death and Dying among Nursing Majors and other College Students

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Sharma ◽  
Rita Black Monsen ◽  
Bette Gary
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Contemporary Sample ◽  
The Dead

Recent studies of attitudes toward fear of death and dying among under-graduates have been sparse. Hoelter's Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale (MFODS) [1] was developed among undergraduates to discern fear of death or death anxiety. The purposes of this study were to 1) examine the factor structure and reliability estimates of Hoelter's MFODS in a contemporary sample of college students and 2) compare the attitudes of nursing majors with those of other college students at a small liberal arts university in rural, southwestern Arkansas. It was hypothesized that the 1) attitudes of nursing majors would differ from those preparing for other careers and 2) attitudes of nursing majors and other undergraduates would differ at each level of student status (freshman through senior years). This was a descriptive study surveying attitudes among students who were recruited through cooperating faculty in courses serving all undergraduate majors. Informed consents were signed after review of the introductory information by the students. The sample consisted of 405 students, ages eighteen to sixty-four years (mean age 26 years); 27 percent were males and 73 percent females. Nursing students comprised 24 percent of the sample and were marginally different demographically from other students. The MFODS (a 42-item, pencil-and-paper instrument including a demographic questionnaire) was administered in one classroom session. Factor structure was derived using principal components analysis with varimax rotation and revealed eight subscales accounting for 21 percent of the variance. The total scale alpha reliability was .88, with eight subscale alpha reliabilities ranging from .75 to .85. The results of comparisons of nursing students with others revealed differences on three subscales and the total MFODS. Nursing students were less fearful of the dead, less fearful of being conscious while dead, and less fearful of being destroyed after death. Analyses of students by levels of student status revealed that freshman nursing students were most fearful of the dead and junior nursing students were most fearful of discovering a dead body. Other undergraduate freshmen were most fearful of events after death such as treatment of the body after death, being practiced on by medical students, being embalmed, being conscious in a morgue, and the thought of never being found after death. There were no significant findings among comparisons of nursing and other undergraduate majors by level of student status (freshman through senior). It was concluded the MFODS was a reliable instrument. Nursing students displayed significant attitudinal differences as compared to other students examined. Students who study nursing may bring greater acceptance of death and the dying process to health care arenas. Longitudinal comparison studies and qualitative analyses of attitudes were recommended to further elucidate professional socialization processes.

Purpose in Life as a Function of Religious versus Secular Beliefs

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Weinstein ◽  
Anton De Man ◽  
Linda Almaguer
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Test ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dominican Sisters ◽  
Purpose In Life Test

Scores of 20 Catholic and 25 Mennonite students on the Purpose-in-Life Test were not significantly different. When scores of Mennonite subjects were compared with those of Dominican Sisters, Protestants, Recent Converts, and Seculars, the Mennorutes' scores indicated significantly less meaning in life than each of the other groups. Further comparisons among the various groups identified a significant difference between the Dominican Sisters and the Catholic students. The findings are discussed in terms of the prevailing evidence that religious belief strengthens the conviction to live a full, meaningful life.

scholarly journals 評《大乘中觀哲學的生死觀》一文

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Kam Ming YIP
Keyword(s):  
Hospice Care ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Other World ◽  
Major Defect

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.This article comments on Zhang Ying’s essay “Death and Dying in Chinese Madhyāmika Buddhism”. The central thesis of Zhang’s essay is that Madhyāmika’s non-dualist approach to samsara and nirvana, this world and the other world, and life and death helps narrow the gap between life and death and consequently remove our fear of death, which in turn has important implications for hospice care. However, Zhang did not explain how this non-duality can be put into practice, which is a major defect of Zhang’s paper. And if accessibility to non-duality in practice is not fully explained, people’s confusion around hospice care remains. Moreover, Zhang’s essay fails to explain the implications of Madhyāmika’s non-dualist approach for the practice of hospice care in contemporary society, which Zhang promised to do so.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 147 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals Factors Moderating the Impact of After Death Communications on Beliefs and Spirituality

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110291
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Penberthy ◽  
Marieta Pehlivanova ◽  
Tevfik Kalelioglu ◽  
Chris A. Roe ◽  
Callum E. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

After death communications(ADCs) are defined as perceived spontaneous contacts with living individuals by the deceased. This research presents on a subset of data from a recent large international survey of individuals who experienced ADCs and provided systematic information regarding these experiences. In our research we explore the impact of having an ADC on reported spirituality, religiosity, beliefs and attitudes about death and dying and also explore the moderating factors of this impact. We found that having an ADC was perceived as a positive life experience and that it was associated with a reduction in fear of death, belief in life after death and that the deceased could communicate with the living, and increased reported spirituality. Moderating factors include aspects of having or desiring physical contact with the deceased as well as perceiving some emotional reaction to the ADCs. Future directions for research exploration are also provided based on our findings.

scholarly journals Muscular Strength, Power, and Endurance Adaptations after Two Different University Fitness Classes

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Brittany S. Hollerbach ◽  
Sarah J. Cosgrove ◽  
Justin A. DeBlauw ◽  
Nattinee Jitnarin ◽  
Walker S. C. Poston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Maintain Body Weight

Physical activity (PA) classes help college students add weekly PA, which can help improve health and maintain body weight. Traditional weight training (TWT) can improve strength and aerobic capacity. High-intensity functional training such as CrossFit® (CF) provides time-efficient workouts with both muscle strengthening and aerobic exercises. Limited research has compared these classes for college students. We examined changes in muscular strength, power, and endurance as well as body composition. Participants were 85 healthy college students enrolled in TWT (n = 36, age 22.6 ± 4.1 years, 72.2% male) or CF (n = 49, age 21.8 ± 3.2 years, 55.1% male) classes meeting twice/wk for 8 weeks between October 2017 and May 2018. Baseline and posttest measurements included a vertical jump, grip strength, a 2 min push-up test, a 1 min squat test, height, weight, and a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Although no significant group × time interactions were found, there was a significant main effect of time for push-ups and squats (both p < 0.001). Participants enjoyed the classes and most planned to continue. Both classes improved muscular endurance although no significant differences were found between them. Activity classes provide college students with an option for increasing their weekly PA and help maintain body composition. Future research should examine the benefits from longer or more frequent classes.

Children With Intellectual Disability and Victimization: A Logistic Regression Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952199417
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Brendli ◽  
Michael D. Broda ◽  
Ruth Brown
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Demographic Correlates

It is a common assumption that children with disabilities are more likely to experience victimization than their peers without disabilities. However, there is a paucity of robust research supporting this assumption in the current literature. In response to this need, we conducted a logistic regression analysis using a national dataset of responses from 26,572 parents/caregivers to children with and without disabilities across all 50 states, plus the District of Columbia. The purpose of our study was to acquire a greater understanding of the odds of victimization among children with and without intellectual disability (ID), while controlling for several child and parent/adult demographic correlates. Most notably, our study revealed that children with ID have 2.84 times greater odds of experiencing victimization than children without disabilities, after adjusting for the other predictors in the model. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals A taxonomy of antonymy in Arabic: Egyptian and Saudi proverbs in comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-222
Author(s):  
Hamada Hassanein ◽  
Mohammad Mahzari
Keyword(s):  
Main Clause ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subordinate Clause ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Discourse Functions ◽  
Syntactic Frames

Abstract This study has set out to identify, quantify, typify, and exemplify the discourse functions of canonical antonymy in Arabic paremiography by comparing two manually collected datasets from Egyptian and Saudi (Najdi) dialects. Building upon Jones’s (2002) most extensive and often-cited classification of the discourse functions of antonyms as they co-occur within syntactic frames in news discourse, the study has substantially revised this classification and developed a provisional and dynamic typology thereof. Two major textual functions are found to be quantitatively significant and qualitatively preponderant: ancillarity (wherein an A-pair of canonical antonyms project their antonymicity onto a more important B-pair) and coordination (wherein one antonym holds an inclusive or exhaustive relation to another antonym). Three new functions have been developed and added to the retrieved classification: subordination (wherein one antonym occurs in a subordinate clause while the other occurs in a main clause), case-marking (wherein two opposite cases are served by two antonyms), and replacement (wherein one antonym is substituted with another). Semicanonical and noncanonical guises of antonymy are left and recommended for future research.

Reframing and Wisdom within Proverbs

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Tracy ◽  
Nicholas Greco ◽  
Erika Felix ◽  
Donald F. Kilburg
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Reading Grade Level ◽  
Thinking Strategies ◽  
Difficult Situations ◽  
Silver Lining

Many proverbs seem to convey wisdom because they help people to reframe life's predicaments. Positive reframes, such as Every cloud has a silver lining, often draw positive implications from adverse circumstances (cf. “positive reappraisals,” “gain frames”). In contrast, negative reframes, such as All that glitters is not gold, provide helpful warnings about difficult situations, and therefore encourage proactive coping (cf. “problem-focused coping”). This study examined the validity of the distinction between positive and negative reframes and whether the distinction applies to proverbs. Six judges categorized 199 proverbs as positive or negative reframes. Results showed that the positive reframes were rated by college students as more pleasant, conceptually simpler, and more familiar than the negative reframes. Further, proverbs that were composed by students were of higher quality when they were positive rather than negative reframes. On the other hand, positive and negative reframes occurred similarly often among the 199 proverbs, and did not differ consistently in rated truth, rated imagery arousal, or reading grade level. We concluded that many proverbs can be regarded as positive or negative reframes, which constitute basic thinking strategies that help people cope with life's challenges.

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