Measures of Anxiety among Tennis Players in Singles and Doubles Matches

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Terry ◽  
Jennifer A. Cox ◽  
Andrew M. Lane ◽  
Costas I. Karageorghis
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Outcome Scores

Male and female tennis players ( N = 100) completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 about 1 hr. before playing singles and doubles matches. Multivariate analysis of variance of anxiety and self-confidence responses by match result indicated that winners of singles matches bad significantly lower scores on Cognitive Anxiety and higher ones on Self-confidence than losers. Winners of doubles matches had significantly higher Self-confidence scores than losers. Discriminant function analysis indicated that 72% of results for singles matches and 70% of results for doubles matches could be correctly classified from responses to the precompetition measures. A comparison of anxiety responses by playing condition indicated that, irrespective of the match outcome, scores on Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety were higher and scores on Self-confidence were lower before playing singles than before playing doubles. The findings suggest that precompetition scores on measures of anxiety provide significant indicators of performance in tennis but that responses vary for singles and doubles play.

Anxiety, Self-Confidence and Performance in Tae Kwon-Do

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1275-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Chapman ◽  
Andrew M. Lane ◽  
John H. Brierley ◽  
Peter C. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Tae Kwon Do ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
And Performance

142 male Tae Kwon-do competitors completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2 about 1 hr. before competition. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that the players who won reported lower cognitive and somatic anxiety and higher self-confidence than those who lost. Discriminant function analysis indicated that 89 (62.68%) participants could be correctly classified as winners or losers on the basis of their precompetition Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2 scores. The findings concur with previous research in karate.

Injury, Anxiety, and Mood in Competitive Gymnasts

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Kolt ◽  
Robert J. Kirkby
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Female Gymnasts

Psychological factors related to injury were investigated in 115 competitive gymnasts. The subjects were administered the Profile of Mood States-Bipolar Form (POMS-BI) and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). Direct discriminant function analysis showed that the best predictors for distinguishing between gymnasts with four or more injuries and those with fewer than four injuries were CSAI-2 Cognitive Anxiety and the POMS-BI Composed-Anxious and Energetic-Tired scores. The more-injured gymnasts were more anxious and tired, and reported higher scores on the CSAI-2 Cognitive Anxiety scale. Males could be differentiated from females by scores on the CSAI-2 Self-confidence and the POMS-BI Composed-Anxious, Confident-Unsure, Energetic-Tired, and Clearheaded-Confused scales. The female gymnasts were more anxious, unsure, tired, and confused, and reported lower levels of CSAI-2 Self-confidence. The findings were interpreted as further evidence of the anxiety-injury link in athletes.

Anxiety and Burnout in Female Collegiate Ice Hockey and Soccer Athletes

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Wiggins ◽  
Christopher Lai ◽  
Jay A. Deiters
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Division I ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety

The purpose of this study was to assess whether athletes who perceived their scores on trait anxiety to be debilitative to performance also experienced higher burnout scores. 84 NCAA Division I female ice hockey and soccer athletes, ages 18 to 23 years, volunteered. Participants were given a trait version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 with an added direction scale to collect general perceptions of anxiety. They also completed the Burnout Inventory for Athletes. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance for group anxiety yielded an overall significant effect, with the Facilitative group ( n = 40) reporting a lower mean burnout score. Mean intensity of cognitive anxiety was significantly higher for the Debilitative group ( n = 44), while mean self-confidence intensity was significantly higher for the Facilitative group.

Discriminant Effectiveness of Psychological State Measures in Predicting Performance Outcome in Karate Competition

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Terry ◽  
Andrew Slade
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Performance Outcome ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Predicting Performance

Male Shotokan karate players (karateka) ( N = 208) completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and the Profile of Mood States about 40 minutes before a competition. Single-factor multivariate analysis of variance of preperformance mood and anxiety scores indicated significant differences between winning and losing competitors. Winners scored higher on Vigor, Anger, and Self-confidence, and lower on Tension, Depression, Fatigue, Confusion, Cognitive Anxiety, and Somatic Anxiety. Discriminant function analysis showed that 91.96% of participants could be correctly classified as winners or losers on the basis of preperformance mood scores. This figure rose to 93.47% when scores on the anxiety subscales were also included in the discriminant function analysis. Anxiety scores alone produced 78.89% discrimination. Mood profiles for winning karateka were in line with the “mental health” profile of Morgan except for above-average scores on Anger. This result supports the view of McGowan and Miller that anger may facilitate performance in karate competition. The capacity of measures of psychological state to discriminate performance exceeds previous reports, suggesting that karate performance may be exceptionally mood-dependent. These results suggest that interventions which increase scores on Vigor and Anger and reduce scores on Tension, Depression, Fatigue, and Confusion may be particularly efficacious for Shotokan karate performance.

Cognitive Anxiety and Mental Errors in Sport

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Bird ◽  
Melanie A. Horn
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Subject Selection ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Bipolar Scale ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Female High School ◽  
The Relationship

This investigation tested the relationship between level of cognitive anxiety and degree of mental errors in a sport setting. Subjects were female high school varsity softball players. The dimensions of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence were assessed by the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). Coaches evaluated mental errors during game play by ratings on a 10-point bipolar scale. Final subject selection was determined by dichotomizing individuals who scored lower on the scale (1-4) and higher on the scale (7-10). Analysis of variance yielded a single significant main effect which indicated that the two mental-error groups differed in cognitive anxiety. This supports the major prediction tested. Discussion centers on the apparent benefits of investigating variables more intimately associated with the attentional/cognitive disruption process versus focusing solely on objective sport outcome.

Verbal Aggressiveness and State Anxiety of Volleyball Players and Coaches

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bekiari ◽  
Asterios Patsiaouras ◽  
Dimitrios Kokaridas ◽  
Kimon Sakellariou
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Female Coaches

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation of verbal aggressiveness and state anxiety (somatic, cognitive, and self-confidence) in sports settings based on the ratings by volleyball coaches and their athletes. The sample consisted of volleyball athletes ( n = 208; 98 men and 110 women) and their coaches ( n = 20; 16 men and 4 women). Analysis showed that male volleyball players rated somatic anxiety higher and were more affected by the verbal aggressiveness of their coaches than female volleyball players. No mean differences were significant for male and female coaches on somatic or cognitive anxiety, self-confidence, or verbal aggressiveness. Also, correlation between subscale scores for male and female volleyball players and coaches was found. The correlations of verbal aggressiveness with self-confidence and anxiety were positive for these athletes, leading them to better behavior. This relationship needs further examination in sport settings.

scholarly journals Salivary oxytocin, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence in pre-competition athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene La Fratta ◽  
Sara Franceschelli ◽  
Lorenza Speranza ◽  
Antonia Patruno ◽  
Carlo Michetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Psychophysiological Stress ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIt is well known that soccer sport has the potential for high levels of stress and anxiety and that these are linked to Cortisol (C) variations. To date, much research has been devoted to understanding how Oxytocin (OT) can affect anxiety in response to a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate, in 56 young male soccer players, the psychophysiological stress response 96 and 24 h before one soccer match of a tournament, in order to establish whether athletes who won or lost, show different levels of C and OT or expressions of competitive state anxiety subcomponents. We found that winners had significantly lower Cognitive anxiety and higher Self-confidence scores than losers. Also, significant differences between winners and losers in C and OT concentrations were observed, with higher OT levels in who has won and higher C levels in who has lost. Our results showed interesting associations between OT, C, anxiety feelings, and the outcome of competition.

A Controlled Study of Sensation Awareness and Verbal Disclosure for Regulation of Arousal and Anxiety

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Scholle
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Interactions of attention and verbalization were investigated for effects of self-reported arousal and state-anxiety. Levels of verbalization from silence through talking-without-a-listener to disclosure were compared while self-directed attention was manipulated for sensation versus general thoughts and feelings. Following a stimulus, disclosure of sensations was expected to reduce state anxiety and increase energetic arousal significantly more than disclosure of thoughts. Based on a randomly assigned sample of 120 men, a 3 × 2 × 2 multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction in the predicted directions. A significant interaction was also found for the 3 × 2 interaction for energetic arousal. For state anxiety means were in the predicted direction. Results indicate that verbalization of sensations is more energizing and calming than silence, while for general thought, silence is more energizing and calming than verbalization. The results suggest efficacy in reframing self-talk to quiet awareness and in communicating sensed distinctions as they emerge.

The Interactive Effects of Intensity and Direction of Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety and Self-Confidence upon Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Edwards ◽  
Lew Hardy
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Catastrophe Model ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Catastrophe Models

This study examines intensity and direction of competitive state anxiety symptoms, and the interactive influence of anxiety subcomponents upon netball performance. Netball players (N = 45) completed the modified Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) and a retrospective performance measure over a season, utilizing an intraindividual design. The modified CSAI-2 includes a direction scale assessing the facilitative or debilitative interpretation of the original intensity symptoms. Although the facilitative influence of anxiety upon performance did not emerge directly through the direction scale, a significant interaction emerged from the two-factor Cognitive Anxiety × Physiological Arousal quadrant analyses, suggesting that anxiety may enhance performance, as proposed by catastrophe model predictions. Findings also highlighted the importance of self-confidence for possible inclusion in higher order catastrophe models.

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