Religiosity and Death Anxiety: No Association in Kuwait

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 770-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel-Khalek ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Motivation ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Collectivistic Culture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Motivation Scale

In a sample of 162 Kuwaiti college students (33 men, 129 women; M age = 20.1 yr., SD = 1.9), the mean scores on the death anxiety scales by Templer, Abdel-Khalek, and the Collett-Lester were higher than that in an American sample, except for one subscale of the Collett-Lester Scale, i.e., Dying of Self. Based on the relatively collectivistic culture, it seems that the present participants did not differentiate between the “self” and the “other” in death anxiety, in which all scales were rated high in general. The scores on these scales were not significantly correlated with those on the Hoge Intrinsic Religious Motivation Scale, or single-item selfrating measures of religiosity and strength of religious belief.

Life Regrets and Death Attitudes in College Students

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Tomer ◽  
Grafton Eliason
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Religious Motivation ◽  
Death Attitudes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Life Regrets ◽  
Death Acceptance

The relationship between death attitudes and life regret was examined in college students. Two types of regret, past-related regret and future-related regret, were defined and measured. The results confirmed the hypothesis, based on a comprehensive model of death anxiety, that both types of regret independently predict fear and avoidance of death. Other background and self variables may affect death anxiety, usually indirectly, by influencing the two types of regret. Death acceptance, on the other hand, was found to be influenced directly by intrinsic religious motivation and indirectly by other background and self variables.

Sex Differences in Privacy Preferences

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1239-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darhl M. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Female College ◽  
Privacy Preferences ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Mean

A Privacy Questionnaire was administered to 118 male and 142 female college students to determine differences in the patterns of privacy preferences between the sexes. The questionnaire contained factor scales for measuring six independent types of privacy. t-tests showed that the means for women were significantly higher than those for men in their preferences for Intimacy with Family and Intimacy with Friends. On the other hand, for Isolation the mean for men was significantly higher than that for women. There were no significant differences between the means for the two sexes on the remaining three dimensions, Reserve, Solitude, and Anonymity.

Two Faces of Narcissism and Romantic Attraction: Evidence from a Collectivistic Culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunliang Feng ◽  
Yuling Liang ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Li Yi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
The Self ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Romantic Attraction ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
Orientation Model ◽  
Collectivistic Culture

The present study was aimed to extend the self-orientation model (Campbell, 1999) to vulnerable narcissism in a collectivistic culture. Two hundred and twenty-seven college students were recruited from China. Participants reported their ratings on measures of vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, attractions to different (caring vs perfect) targets, and their choices of potential romantic partners. Results indicated that those participants classified as grandiose or vulnerable narcissists were more attracted to perfect targets than non-narcissists. In addition, grandiose narcissists preferred to choose perfect targets as their romantic partners, while vulnerable narcissists did not show such a preference when choosing potential partners. These results suggested that culture could influence the function of narcissism. The self-orientation model could not fully explain the choices of vulnerable narcissists.

The Value of the Self in Relation to Fear of Death

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Aronow ◽  
Alan Rauchway ◽  
Marshall Peller ◽  
Anthony De Vito
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Self In Relation ◽  
Theoretical Position

A theoretical position on death anxiety advanced by previous authors was tested in this study. Diggory and Rothman reasoned that we try to extend objects that are valued highly, while those of low value are treated with indifference or destroyed. They therefore theorized that individuals who place a high value on the self would be more afraid of death. This was tested by correlating the Templer death anxiety scale with seven self-related measures. The participants in the study were 117 college students. The death anxiety scale was found to correlate significantly with self-related measures, but in the opposite direction from what was expected on the basis of the theory. The seven self-related measures were found to overlap extensively. The results do not support the theory, and were discussed in terms of a neuroticism factor and Frankl's “will to meaning.”

The Relationships of Death Anxiety and Death Depression to Religion and Civilian War-Related Experiences in Iranians

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Roshdieh ◽  
Donald I. Templer ◽  
W. Gary Cannon ◽  
Merle Canfield
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Death Depression

Of eleven hundred seventy-six Iranian college students, those who were more exposed to war-related traumatic events and those who were less religious had higher death anxiety and death depression. The specific variables that contributed the most variance to both death anxiety and death depression were weaker religious belief, female gender, injury to friends or relatives, death of friends or relatives, not believing in life after death, and maintaining that the most important aspect of religion is life after death. Theoretical and clinical implications were discussed. The greater death anxiety of female Iranians adds to the inference that death anxiety is greater in females, which seems to be a worldwide phenomena.

scholarly journals Death Anxiety, Reliability, Validity, and Factorial Structure of the Farsi Form of the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety in Iranian Old-Aged Persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Dadfar ◽  
David Lester ◽  
Fazel Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Aged Sample ◽  
The Mean

The present study is aimed at examining the level of death anxiety and the sex-related differences among old-aged Iranian individuals sample to compare the old-aged persons with young college students and to explore the psychometric properties of the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA) factors in old-aged sample. A sample of 146 volunteer Iranian individuals took part in the study. The mean ages were 68.58 (SD = 7.10), men 68.81 (SD = 7.44) and women 68.28 (SD = 6.76), respectively. The mean score of the ASDA was 51.09 (SD = 20.19). Cronbach’s alpha of the ASDA was found to be high (0.94); and Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.92. Women had a significantly higher mean total score on the ASDA. Old-aged individuals had a significantly higher mean ASDA total score than younger college students (M age = 25.77). The factor analysis of the ASDA items yielded three factors accounting for 67.88% of the total variance labeled (F1) fear of dead people and tombs; (F2) fear of lethal disease and postmortem events; and (F3) death fear. These factors were highly replicable with previous factors extracted from a middle-aged Kuwaiti sample. On the basis of the present results, there are the following three general conclusions: death anxiety is not significantly correlated with age; the sex-related differences on death anxiety are striking in the Iranian samples; and the ASDA has a highly replicable factor structure among two Iranian and Arab countries.

Death Anxiety in Kuwaiti Middle-Aged Personnel

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek ◽  
Yagoub Al-Kandari
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
College Student ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
College Student Sample ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
The Mean

The present study aimed to examine the level of death anxiety, the sex-related differences among a middle-aged Kuwaiti personnel sample, and to explore the replicability of the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA) factors. A sample of 236 volunteer Kuwaiti personnel took part in the study. The mean ages of men and women were 41.5 ( SD = 7.5) and 40.9 ( SD = 7.1), respectively. The alpha reliability of the ASDA was found to be high (.93). Women had a significantly higher mean total score on the ASDA as well as on 17 out of its 20 items. Middle-aged personnel had a significantly lower mean ASDA total score than younger college students ( M age = 22). The factor analysis of the ASDA items yielded three factors: fear of dead people and tombs; fear of postmortem events; and fear of lethal disease. These factors were highly replicable with previous factors extracted from a Kuwaiti college student sample. On the basis of the present findings, there are three general conclusions as follows: death anxiety is negatively associated with age; the sex-related differences on death anxiety are salient in the Arab samples; and the ASDA has a highly replicable factor structure.

Reliability and Validity of the Self-Report Family Content Scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samani ◽  
M. Sadeghzadeh
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Educational Model ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Content Scale ◽  
The Mean

The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of Self-report Family Content Scale for measurement of a contextual and psycho…educational model for family studies. The sample included 450 college students at Shiraz University (241 women, 209 men; M age = 27.5 yr., SD = 3.8). Principal-components factor analysis indicated a 7-factor solution. The mean correlations among factors and between factors and the total score of the scale were .18 and .42, respectively. Coefficients alpha indicated good reliability and internal consistency for the scale.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF POWER AND SOCIAL DISTANCE ON FAIRNESS PERCEPTION IN THE MULTIPLAYER ECONOMIC GAME

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Li ◽  
◽  
Xilei Wang ◽  
Wenwu Dai ◽  
Ning Jia
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
High Power ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Fairness Perception ◽  
Distribution Scheme

"Objective: The goal of this research was to explore the influence of power and social distance on individual fair perception in the context of income. Methods: College students were selected to investigate and 197 answers, including 58 boys and 139 girls. Average age was 22.01 years (SD=2.52). The subjects were randomly divided into different groups, including 62 mothers ,75 friends and 60 strangers. The experimental design was 2[power: low power(be a responder), high power(be an allocators)]×3[social distance: near (mother), middle (friend), far (stranger)] mixed experimental design. There is one allocator and two responders in the game. The experiment was divided into two subtasks according to the role of the participants: Subtask 1, stranger A is allocator, the participant is one responder, and the other responder is Mother/Friend/Stranger B. Subtask 2, the participant is allocator, stranger A is one responder, the other responder is still Mother/Friend/Stranger B. Results: (1) The participants had a lower sense of fairness to the same distribution scheme when their role changed from responder to allocator. (2) When friends and strangers got more money than themselves, the participants had a lower sense of fairness. (3) No matter what kind of distribution scheme, as long as the sum of the amount of money received by the participant and his mother is the same, he had the same fairness perception. Conclusion: First, the change of power will affect the individual's fair perception, and the higher demand for fairness after the power increases; Second, the influence of social distance reflects the characteristics of the Chinese self, that is, the self of Chinese people contains his/her mother."

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