Self-Actualization and Value Structure: An Empirical Investigation

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Rokeach Value Survey ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Median Test ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Personal Orientation

The present study investigated Maslow's assertion that there exists a cluster of values characteristic of self-actualizing persons. A total of 84 college students, 35 male and 49 female, completed the Personal Orientation Inventory and the Rokeach Value Survey. Based on the former profile, Ss were designated as reflecting one of 4 levels of self-actualization. Differential rank ordering of each value for the four groups was assessed via extensions of the median test. Results lend partial support to Maslow's assertion. The value of “social recognition” was negatively correlated with self-actualization. Significant recursive rankings in which self-actualizing persons ranked values similarly to severely nonactualizing persons but unlike normal individuals were observed for “a comfortable life,” and “a world at peace.” Findings were interpreted in terms of the self-actualizing person's definition of values and his perception of realistic limitations on his abilities.

Growth in Self-Actualization (Personal Orientation Inventory) in Adult Encounter Groups

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Les Beach
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation

To test the efficacy of the Personal Orientation Inventory in assessing growth in self-actualization in relation to encounter groups and to provide a more powerful measure of such changes, pre- and posttest data from 3 highly comparable encounter groups (N = 43) were combined for analysis. Results indicated that the Personal Orientation Inventory is a sensitive instrument for assessing personal growth in encounter groups and that a larger total sample size provides more significant results than those reported for small samples (e. g., fewer than 15 participants).

A Jesus Community in South Africa: Self-Actualization or Need for Security?

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Stones
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jesus Movement ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation

22 members of the Jesus movement in Johannesburg, South Africa, were presented with Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory, to assess perceived changes in self-actualization as a function of their religious conversion. The control group, comprising 22 mainstream-church denominational members who had not undergone rapid and emotional conversions, was matched with the Jesus People for age, sex, home-language, and occupation of father. The self-perceptions of the Jesus People were significantly mote self-actualizing than were those of the members of the control group in the before-conversion condition. Perceived self-actualization decreased as a function of their religious experience. It is also suggested that the reported changes may be due to a “rising expectations” effect.

Self-Actualization and Personal Autonomy

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Walter Bordages
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Reasoning Test ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Performance Analyses ◽  
Personal Orientation

Self-actualizing individuals, according to Maslow (1954), are hypothesized to operate autonomously of external expectations due to their undistorted perceptions of their own realistic abilities. Scores on the Personal Orientation Inventory, a measure of self-actualization, were used to divide subjects into high, medium, or low self-actualizing categories. Subjects were given a Logical Reasoning Ability Test over three treatment conditions: high, low, and no expectations with regard to performance. Analyses indicated greater personal autonomy for high and moderate self-actualizing subjects than in nonself-actualizing subjects, who showed the greatest variance in their reasoning test scores.

Sensitivity Training and Self-Actualization

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Gilligan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Training ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Student Volunteers ◽  
Personal Orientation

50 T-group volunteers who experienced a 24-hr. sensitivity training weekend were compared with a group of 55 student volunteers who had no training. Both groups responded to the Personal Orientation Inventory, a measure of self-actualization, in a pre-post, 6-wk., follow-up design. The T-groups were led by 10 paraprofessionals. Volunteers were found after training to be guided more by their own internal values, feelings and goals, and less controlled by external influences than were nonparticipants. This level of inner directedness or self-actualization was still significantly higher 6 wk. after the training weekend.

T-Group Training and Self-Actualization

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary L. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Group Training ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact of T-group training on trainees' self-actualization. Trainees were given the Personal Orientation Inventory before and after 2 1-wk. T-groups. They showed significant change in the direction of becoming more independent and self-supporting, more flexible, more sensitive to their own needs and feelings, more spontaneous and more accepting of aggression.

A Preliminary Study of Opening-up Meditation, College Adjustment, and Self-Actualization

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tloczynski
Keyword(s):  
College Adjustment ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Meditation Group ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Opening Up

The effects of opening-up meditation on college adjustment and self-actualization were examined with 45 subjects who were divided into groups for opening-up meditation, relaxation, and control using scores on the Anxiety Scale of the College Adjustment Scales. Subjects also completed the Personal Orientation Inventory. 1 hr. of training for the meditation and relaxation groups was given and 20 min./day practice requested. After 2 and 4 wk. anxiety and family problem scores significantly increased for the meditation group as did scores on the Feeling Reactivity Scale. Analysis was compromised by high dropout (leaving 3, 4, and 3 subjects, respectively, in the meditation, relaxation, and control groups).

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