Anger and Drug Addiction

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo A. De Mojá ◽  
Charles D. Spielberger
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
And Control

Differences in the experience, expression, and control of anger were evaluated for young-adult drug addicts and a control group (matched in age, residence, and education) of nondrug users from Southern Italy. The Italian adaptation of Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) was administered with standard instructions to both groups. Drug abusers had significantly higher scores on the STAXI State and Trait scales, the Trait-Angry Temperament and Reaction sub-scales, and the Anger-Out and Total Anger Expression scales, and significantly lower scores on Anger-Control. These findings indicate that the drug abusers experienced anger more often than the nonusers, were more likely to express anger toward other persons or objects in the environment, and had less control of their angry feelings.

scholarly journals Effects of an Extracurricular Anger Self-Control Program for Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3059
Author(s):  
Won Hee Jun ◽  
Eun Joung Choi ◽  
Hyun-Mee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Nursing students often experience anger in response to stress and suppress their anger instead of actively controlling it. Therefore, the anger self-control programs that can manage nursing students’ anger level and dysfunctional anger expression are needed. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an anger self-control program on trait anger, anger expression style, grateful disposition, and depression among nursing students. The study used a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and a non-synchronized design. Participants were 29 nursing students who were assigned to intervention and control groups. Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed significantly decreased mean scores for the trait anger, anger-in, and anger-out anger expression styles, and increased mean scores for the anger-control anger expression style and grateful disposition. Anger self-control programs might be usefully applied as extracurricular anger-management programs for nursing students.

scholarly journals Psychological Analysis of Reactive-Proactive Coping of Drug-Dependent Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
A.A. Bekhter
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
External Support ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Drug Dependent

Difficulties in the rehabilitation and treatment of drug addicts are associated with the peculiarities of their behavior, which are a consequence of a change in their personality. The author conducted an empirical study on two groups of drug-dependent men with a combined form of drug addiction at the stage of treatment (n=30) and rehabilitation with a remission period of about a year (n=30); healthy male volunteers (n=30) acted as a control group. The study was conducted on the basis of the Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Khabarovsk Territory, Department of Medical Rehabilitation for people with drug addiction disorders in Khabarovsk. All men participating in the study had a higher education, a family, and the average age of all subjects was 32 ± 10.1 years. The study used: Kellerman-Plutchik's “Life style Index” methods (adapted by Wasserman L.I., Eryshev O.F., Klubova E.B. et al., 2005); coping test by Lazarus R. and Folkman S. (adapted by T.L. Kryukova, Kuftyak E.V., Zamishlyaeva M.S., 2005); questionnaire “Proactive coping behavior” Greenglass E., Schwarzer R. et al. (adapted by Belinskaya E.P., Vecherin A.V., Agadullina E.R., 2018). The main features of reactive-proactive coping in groups of drug addicts are defined: in the first group, coping is emotionally-oriented and cognitive-oriented in nature with a focus on social and emotional support, the protection mechanisms “denial”, “projection”, “substitution”, “intellectualization” prevail; in the second group, the intensity of avoidance strategies in combination with proactive overcoming without a focus on external support is identified, intellectual defenses are combined with strategies for reflective analysis. The main differences between the two groups of drug addicts are in the nature of the relationship between defense mechanisms and reactive-proactive coping strategies, in the variation of reactive strategies and their orientation, in the features of building proactive behavior. Understanding the features of reactive-proactive coping with drug addicts can greatly facilitate the work of a psychologist in remedial and rehabilitation activities with patients focused on life planning during remission.

scholarly journals Gonadal and Cortisol Hormone Profile among Male Chronic Khat, Marijuana, and Heroin Abuses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Meseret Yibrah ◽  
Abebe Edao Negesso ◽  
Atsbeha Gebregziabher ◽  
Feyissa Challa ◽  
Kissi Mudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
And Control

Background. Drugs of abuse could interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, causing impaired functions of the gland and associated functions of target organs. Drugs of abuse tend to cause changes in the endocrine system, and these changes could be physiological, molecular, biochemical, genetic, and cellular. Method. A case-control study design was conducted from a total of 171 male consented study participants (148 drug abusers and 23 controls). The serum gonadal and cortisol hormone levels were assayed using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method. Socio-demographic variables were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire by the interview method. Nonparametric statistical tools (Mann–Whitney test and median) were used to compare the groups. In all cases, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result. The median age for drug abusers and control groups was 27, and the age difference between drug abusers and control group was not statistically important. The median estradiol levels among chronic khat chewers (39.4 pg/ml), marijuana (44 pg/mL), and users of heroin (40.2 pg/mL) were significantly higher than control groups (23 pg/mL), P<0.003. However, the median luteinizing hormone levels among chronic khat chewers (5 IU/L), marijuana users (5 IU/L), and heroin users (5.6 IU/L) were significantly lower than those of control groups (6.2 IU/L), P<0.02. The median testosterone levels among chronic khat chewers (6.1 ng/mL), marijuana users (6.3 ng/mL), and heroin users (6.6 ng/mL) were significantly lower than control groups (8.0 ng/mL), P<0.003. However, cortisol and follicle stimulating hormone did not show statistically significant difference between users of khat, marijuana, and heroin compared with the control group. Conclusion. The drug abuser group had significantly lower testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels compared with control groups. Drug abuse has been shown to affect gonadal hormones in an unusual physiological phenomenon. These findings reveal the need for intervention programs to solve these problems.

Advancing the Assessment of Anger in Sports: Gender Differences and STAXI-2 Normative Data for College Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Bartlett ◽  
Mitch Abrams ◽  
Megan Byrd ◽  
Arial S. Treankler ◽  
Richard Houston-Norton
Keyword(s):  
Normative Data ◽  
College Athletes ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Male College ◽  
Psychology Literature

The State Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) is one of the most widely used anger assessments in the clinical psychology literature. It describes multiple facets of anger including: state/trait anger levels, experience of anger, anger expression, and anger control. Prior to this study, normative data was lacking for college athletes. Without normative data established, it was difficult to accurately compare the scores of college athletes to a relevant comparison group, and thus, difficult to effectively assess athletes presenting with anger issues. This study provides normative data for college athletes (N = 534), as well as an examination of anger differences between gender and compared with a “non-specfic adult” population. Male college athletes scores indicated higher anger levels on several scales, demonstrating scores indicative of being more likely to express anger and less likely to manage feeling angry and expressing anger than both the normal population and female college athletes.

High and Low Trait Anger, and the Recognition of Anger Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl J. Alcázar ◽  
Jerry L. Deffenbacher ◽  
Laura Hernández Guzmán ◽  
Graciela I. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Anger Expression ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Anger Suppression ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Emotionally Focused ◽  
High Trait

This study compared three groups of people: (a) high trait anger individuals who recognized personal anger problems (HR); (b) high trait anger individuals who did not recognize personal anger problems (HNR); and (c) low trait anger individuals not reporting personal anger problems (LNR). Compared to LNR participants, HR and HNR groups reported more anger-out (i.e., outward negative expression of anger such as arguing with others), anger-in (i.e., anger suppression and harboring grudges), greater desire to use and actual use of physically aggressive anger expression (e.g., pushing or shoving someone), and less anger control-in (i.e., emotionally focused strategies to lower anger such as relaxation) and anger control-out (i.e., behaviorally focused strategies such as being patient with others). HR individuals reported more trait anger (i.e., higher propensity to experience anger) and less anger control-out than the HNR group. Gender did not relate to the recognition of anger problems. Findings were discussed with regard to theory and clinical implications.

scholarly journals On the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training in Anger Management and Emotional Regulation Difficulties in Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadi Lotfali ◽  
Alireza Moradi ◽  
Hamed Ekhtiari
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Anger Management ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Considering the high prevalence of anger problems in adolescence and the importance of emotion regulation in this age period, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of emotional regulation training in anger management and emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents by means of body postures, breathing pattern, and facial expressions.Method: A quasi-experimental research design along with pretest-posttest and control group was employed for the conduct of this study. For this purpose, the number of 50 adolescents was selected via purposive sampling through screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. These participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and the experimental group then received 8 sessions of emotion regulation training. In this period, the control group received the treatment unrelated to emotion regulation training. Both groups were assessed in terms of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) before and after the treatment as well as in the three-month follow-up. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics, including covariance analysis.Results: Data analysis showed that emotion regulation training has a significant effect on anger management and components emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents.Conclusion: As per the results of this study, it is recommended that emotion regulation training be extensively conducted in the form of educational and training programs for adolescents, especially in schools.

Anger and Sports Participation

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Greene ◽  
Samuel F. Sears ◽  
Judith E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Varsity Athletes ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses

This study investigated differences between 19 varsity and 20 intramural male football players in trait anger, anger expression, and sports orientation. While varsity athletes reported comparable levels of trait anger, they described significantly less internalized (anger in) and externalized anger (anger out) than intramural athletes. Also, the varsity athletes reported significantly less anger control. Significant differences were also found for competitiveness and goal orientation, but not win orientation, such that the varsity athletes were more competitive and goal-oriented than the intramural athletes. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of several alternative hypotheses.

scholarly journals Character and High Risk Behaviour of Drug Addicts for Spreading Hepatitis B and HIV Infection in a Selected Area of Dhaka City

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hakim ◽  
M Ahmad ◽  
S Naher ◽  
M Ali ◽  
MU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
High Risk Behaviour

Introduction: The number of drug abusers is increasing in an alarming state in Bangladesh and they are identified as high risk group for developing Hepatitis B and HIV. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out various information about drug addicts and their behavioural pattern which can guide the future developmental strategies and planning for reduction of spreading hepatitis B and HIV among the vulnerable population. Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was performed during July 2006 to June 2007 in three different drug addiction treatment clinic in Uttara, Dhaka on high risk behaviour of drug addicts . A total 194 Drug addicts were interviewed individually by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled up by the author during interview. All the data were checked and edited after collection on the spot. Compilation and subsequent tabulation were done manually. Simple technique of data analysis for percentage, average, standard deviations etc. were done with scientific calculator and using SPSS 11. Results: Out of 194 cases 180 (92.78%) were male and 114(58.76%) were unmarried. Most of them 118(60.82%) were within the age group of 20 to 29 years. They have an average family income of 12456.39 Taka per month. Most of the addicts 73(37.63%) were students.Average family size of drug addicts were 6.73 and majority of them 148(76.29%) resided with parents. Only 16(8.24%) drug addicts expressed quarrelsome relationship among their parents and 21(10.83%) stated a bad relationship with other family members. Of them 86(44.33%) started to have taking drug at an age range between 20 to 29 years and most of them 156(80.41%) used poly drug.Heroin 161(82.99%) ranked top as abused drug. Most of them 143(73.71%) were influenced by their friends for initiation of drug addiction. The average daily expense for drug was 191.13 Taka per day and most of them 142(73.19%) had frequency of drug abuse more than once daily. Only 20(10.31%) were found as Intravenous Drug Users (IDU); 16(80%) of the IDUs shared same syringe/needle.Among all the addicts 6(3.09%) were professional blood donor and among the IDU 4(20%) were professional blood donors. 139(71.65%) had history of sex without condom. 82(42.27%) were unaware about high risk behaviour due to lack of adequate knowledge. 185(95.36%) used to procure drug from black market. 5(25%) of IDU and 2(1.15%) of non IDU were found to be Hepatitis B positive though no HIV positive case was found. Conclusion: Wide spread motivation of the drug addicts and nationwide publicity regarding the ill effects of their high risk behaviour are needed to combat the spread of Hepatitis B/ HIV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18723 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(1) 2013: 35-42

scholarly journals 3463 Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in Alcohol-Related Intimate Partner Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Brandi C Fink
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The current study is the first investigation of frontal alpha asymmetry in distressed violent (DV) and distressed nonviolent (DNV) partners during a placebo-controlled alcohol administration and emotion-regulation study. Because this is the first study of the pharmacological effects of alcohol on FAA, the first portion of the study was conducted to characterize alcohol effects in DV and DNV partners during the baseline condition. The subsequent portions of the study were conducted to characterize the effects of alcohol and evocative stimuli on FAA in DV and DNV partners. We hypothesized that DV partners would demonstrated greater left frontal alpha asymmetry when intoxicated and viewing evocative partner stimuli than DNV partners. Lastly, we attempted to replicate previous research that has found associations between baseline measures of FAA and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory – 2 (Spielberger, 1999) subscales of Trait Anger, Anger Expression-Out, Anger Expression-In, Anger Control-Out, Anger Control-In (Hewig, Hagemann, Seifert, Naumann, & Bartussek, 2004). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Partners in the present study were drawn from a larger study investigating over-arousal as a mechanism between alcohol use and intimate partner violence (AA022367). Couples were recruited from the community via radio, television and newspaper advertisements, and eligibility screening occurred at the couple level. Participants included in the present analysis were 23 DV partners (12 female, 11 male), and 15 DNV partners (7 female, 9 male). The mean age of the sample was 32 (SD 4.8 years, range 23-40 years). Data from two DV partners were not included in the analyses of the FAA in the emotion-regulation tasks due to movement artifacts during the alcohol condition leaving too little data for analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The expected beverage by couple type interaction did not reach significance [F (1, 36) = 3.93, p = .055], but the between-subjects effects of couple type revealed a significant difference [F (1, 36) = 4.425, p = .042]. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, these results suggest that under conditions of alcohol, DV partners evidenced significantly greater relative right frontal alpha power asymmetry whereas DNV partners evidenced greater relative left frontal alpha power asymmetry. Although there was no significant between-subjects effect, there was a nearly significant interaction between beverage type and emotion regulation condition [F = (1, 36) = 4.032, p = .052] and a significant main effect of emotion regulation condition [F (1, 36) = 7.579, p = .009]. It appears that asking the participants to “not react” to their partners’ evocative stimuli caused significantly greater right frontal alpha asymmetry. Because intimate partner violence is best understood in the context of conflict between two partners, we also examined partner-reported experiences of anger as predictors of DV participant’s FAA. The model as a whole predicted 67.4% of the variance in DV partner FAA, R squared change =.674, F Change (5, 15) = 6.21, p = .003. Three anger experience scales were statistically significant. The partner Anger Control-Out (B = -1.23, p =.001) scale recorded a higher standardized beta value and accounted for 40% of the variance in this model. Anger Control-In (B = .63, p = .022) accounted for 14% of the variance in the model, and Anger Expression-Out scale (B = .57, p = .024) accounted for 13.7% of the variance in the model. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The current study is the first pharmacological study of the effects of alcohol on frontal alpha asymmetry in distressed violent and distressed nonviolent partners. Contrary to our hypothesis, under acute alcohol intoxication during the baseline condition, DV partners exhibited significantly greater relative right FAA compared to DNV partners who exhibited significantly greater relative left FAA. Because intimate partner violence is best understood in the context of couple conflict, we examined the ability of partners’ anger experiences to predict DV and DNV partners’ FAA, and a very interesting pattern emerged among our DV participants and their partners. The anger experiences of our DV participants’ partners accounted for 67% of the variance in the FAA of our DV participants when they were intoxicated and viewing evocative stimuli.

Anger-Control Group Counseling for Women Recovering From Alcohol or Drug Addiction

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Antonio González-Prendes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attributional Styles ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Two experimental conditions, a manualized cognitive-behavioral anger-control treatment incorporating empowerment strategies and a relapse-prevention treatment without the anger-control component, were compared to assess their impact on levels of trait anger and attributional styles of women recovering from alcohol and drug addiction. Participants were predominantly African American, low-socioeconomic-level women living in a residential facility in a major Midwestern city. Although significant changes were found for the anger-control group participants, sample size (anger control n = 8, relapse prevention n = 5) and participant characteristics call for caution when interpreting the results and limit the generalizability of the intervention. As a preliminary study, the findings are encouraging. Recommendations for future research and implications for social work practice are discussed.

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