scholarly journals Prevalence of Diarrheagenic E. Coli Among Hospitalized Children in a Clinical Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
V. Velev ◽  
M. Pavlova ◽  
E. Alexandrova ◽  
M. Popov ◽  
I. R. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Third Place ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome

Abstract Introduction. Escherichia coli is a common cause of acute diarrhea mainly in young children and, less frequently, in elderly or immunosuppressed patients. Many types of E. coli are part of the normal enteric flora, but can cause urinary tract or nervous system infections. Objective. To study the prevalence of the main types and serogroups of diarrheagenic E. coli among hospitalized children with enteric infections. Material and methods. Over a period of 5 years, 1,160 hospitalized children with acute diarrhea syndrome were studied. Fecal samples underwent culturing, biochemical and phenotypic identification. Results. Among the studied patients, 112/1,160 children (9.7%) had diarrhea caused by E. coli, and only 4 of the isolates were lactose-negative. The most common was diarrhea caused by ETEC – 65/112 (58.0%), followed by EPEC – 38/112 (33.9%), and in third place – EHES 9/112 (8.0%). We did not isolate EIEC types. Depending on the group of E. coli, we observed some differences in the clinical presentation and specifics in the distribution of patients by age. Conclusion. The study shows that this causative agent is common among Bulgarian children with diarrhea. Unfortunately, in Bulgaria the microbiological network is still not able to adequately respond to the challenges of the extended serodiagnosis for detection of diarrheagenic E. coli, which is performed in Western Europe and North America.

A comparative study of clinical presentation of pancytopenia and bicytopenia in hospitalized children

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Chaure Varsha P ◽  
◽  
Khaire P B ◽  
Mundada Smita ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Hospitalized Children

Postscript: prescribing for acute diarrhea (30 December 1983, p 101–4)

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
London School ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Professional Health ◽  
And Control ◽  
Made In

A CHART – Most of the points made in our article are also summarised in an information chart “Coping with Diarrhoea”, produced last year by the Ross Institute. It is intended as a teaching tool for professional health workers involved in the clinical management of diarrhoea, and gives basic information on clinical presentation, treatment, epidemiology and control of the most common agents of diarrhoea. A second chart summarises scientific knowledge of the major infectious agents of diarrhoea, and is intended for reference. The charts can be obtained from Miss S. O’Driscoll, Ross Institute, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT (cost £1 for the first and £2 for the second chart).

scholarly journals Drinking water and diarrhoeal disease due to Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Central Place ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Water Microbiology

Escherichia coli has had a central place in water microbiology for decades as an indicator of faecal pollution. It is only relatively recently that the role of E. coli as pathogen, rather than indicator, in drinking water has begun to be stressed. Interest in the role of E. coli as a cause of diarrhoeal disease has increased because of the emergence of E. coli O157:H7 and other enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, due to the severity of the related disease. There are enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohaemorrhagic, enteroinvasive, enteroaggregative and diffusely adherent strains of E. coli. Each type of E. coli causes diarrhoeal disease through different mechanisms and each causes a different clinical presentation. Several of the types cause diarrhoea by the elaboration of one or more toxins, others by some other form of direct damage to epithelial cells. This paper discusses each of these types in turn and also describes their epidemiology, with particular reference to whether they are waterborne or not.

scholarly journals High diversity in the regulatory region of Stx-converting bacteriophage genomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toril Lindback ◽  
Annette Fagerlund ◽  
Marina Elisabeth Aspholm ◽  
Grzegorz Wegrzyn
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Replication Proteins ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Replication Region ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Shiga toxin (Stx) is the major virulence factor of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), and the stx genes are carried by temperate bacteriophages (Stx phages). The switch between lysogenic and lytic life cycle of the phage, which is crucial for Stx production and for severity of the disease, is regulated by the CI repressor. CI maintain latency by preventing transcription of the replication proteins. Three EHEC phage replication units (Eru1-3) in addition to the classical lambdoid replication region have been described previously, and Stx phages carrying the Eru1 replication region were associated with highly virulent EHEC strains. In this study, we have classified the Eru replication region of 419 Stx phages. In addition to the lambdoid replication region and the three already described Erus, ten novel Erus (named Eru4 to Eru13) were detected. The lambdoid type, Eru1, Eru4 and Eru7 seem to be widely distributed in Western Europe. Notably, EHEC strains involved in severe outbreaks in England and Norway carry Stx phages with Eru1, Eru2, Eru5 and Eru7 replication regions. Phylogenetic analysis of CI repressors from Stx phages revealed eight major clades that largely separate according to Eru type. The classification of replication regions and CI proteins of Stx phages provides an important platform for further studies aimed to assess how characteristics of the replication region influence the regulation of phage life cycle and, consequently, the virulence potential of the host EHEC strain. IMPORTANCE: EHEC is an emerging health challenge worldwide and outbreaks caused by this pathogen tend to be more frequent and severe. Increased knowledge on how characteristics of the replication region influence the virulence of E. coli may be used for more precise identification of high-risk EHEC strains.

scholarly journals Rotavirus Diarrhoea among Children under Five Years in a Tertiary Level Government of Rajasthan

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ari ◽  
Ruchi Chaudhary ◽  
S.D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elisa Result ◽  
Level Government

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children globally. Studies indicate that rotavirus causes approximately 40 percent of childhood diarrhoea hospitalization worldwide and around 39 percent in India in less than 5 years of age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under five years.Materials and Method: Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-5 years with acute diarrhea and samples are tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result: Out of 349 samples, 104(29.8%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Therefore the prevalence of rotavirus infection among hospitalized patient under this study was 29.8%.Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):273-276

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from Children with Acute Diarrhea in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Z Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Stool Samples

Objective: Multiplex PCR assay was used for diagnosis of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in stool samples of children (under 5 years) with acute diarrhea.  Methods: Samples were collected from January 2011 to December 2011, from Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Multiplex PCR with five specific primer pairs to detect enteropathogenic E. coli (eae, bfp), enterotoxigenic E. coli (lt, st) and enteroaggregative E. coli (aat) were used. However, enteroinvasive E. coli, enterohemorrhagicE. coli and diffusely adhererentE. coli were not sought. Result: In total, 135 (67.5%) E. coli were isolated from 200 stool samples. The prevalence of DEC was 68 (34%). Among DEC, most frequently isolated pathotype was EPEC 40 (58.82%), followed by ETEC 24 (35.29%) and EAggEC 18 (26.47%). Among the EPEC, 5 (12.5%) were typical EPEC. Among the 68 DEC positive cases, 22 samples contained more than one pathogenic gene in various combinations. Among the combination of DEC, EPEC+ETEC combination was 6 (27.27%) followed by ETEC+EAggEC 4 (18.18%), EPEC+EAggEC and ETEC+EPEC+EAggEC were both in 3 (13.6%). Conclusion:This study shows that DEC is a common cause of childhood diarrhea in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. By using multiplex PCR assay, DEC can be diagnosed in one PCR reaction that makes a conclusive diagnosis of diarrhea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8576 Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(2) 2014: 59-66

scholarly journals Inhibition of Salmonella Binding to Porcine Intestinal Cells by a Wood-Derived Prebiotic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Božić ◽  
Robin C. Anderson ◽  
Tawni L. Crippen ◽  
Christina L. Swaggerty ◽  
Michael E. Hume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Green Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Numerous Salmonella enterica serovars can cause disease and contamination of animal-produced foods. Oligosaccharide-rich products capable of blocking pathogen adherence to intestinal mucosa are attractive alternatives to antibiotics as these have potential to prevent enteric infections. Presently, a wood-derived prebiotic composed mainly of glucose-galactose-mannose-xylose oligomers was found to inhibit mannose-sensitive binding of select Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains when reacted with Saccharomyces boulardii. Tests for the ability of the prebiotic to prevent binding of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled S. Typhimurium to intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) cultured in vitro revealed that prebiotic-exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium bound > 30% fewer individual IPEC-J2 cells than did GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium having no prebiotic exposure. Quantitatively, 90% fewer prebiotic-exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium cells were bound per individual IPEC-J2 cell compared to non-prebiotic exposed GFP-labeled S. Typhimurium. Comparison of invasiveness of S. Typhimurium DT104 against IPEC-J2 cells revealed greater than a 90% decrease in intracellular recovery of prebiotic-exposed S. Typhimurium DT104 compared to non-exposed controls (averaging 4.4 ± 0.2 log10 CFU/well). These results suggest compounds within the wood-derived prebiotic bound to E. coli and S. Typhimurium-produced adhesions and in the case of S. Typhimurium, this adhesion-binding activity inhibited the binding and invasion of IPEC-J2 cells.

scholarly journals Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) antagonizes interferon-β production via blocking IPS-1 and RIG-I

2020 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 197843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihai Zhou ◽  
Yuan Sun ◽  
Xiaoling Yan ◽  
Xiaoyu Tang ◽  
Qianniu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Interferon Β ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus, CH/FJWT/2018, Isolated in Fujian, China, in 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Li ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Zhen Bi ◽  
Jun Gu ◽  
Wang Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Full Length ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Full Length Genome ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome

The full-length genome sequence of a novel swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), CH/FJWT/2018, was determined, which was genetically most closely related to CN/GDWT/2017, recently discovered in Fujian, China. The indel sites of the spike (S) gene of CH/FJWT/2018 were most similar to those of bat-origin SADS-related coronaviruses.

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