scholarly journals Rotavirus Diarrhoea among Children under Five Years in a Tertiary Level Government of Rajasthan

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ari ◽  
Ruchi Chaudhary ◽  
S.D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elisa Result ◽  
Level Government

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children globally. Studies indicate that rotavirus causes approximately 40 percent of childhood diarrhoea hospitalization worldwide and around 39 percent in India in less than 5 years of age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under five years.Materials and Method: Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-5 years with acute diarrhea and samples are tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result: Out of 349 samples, 104(29.8%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Therefore the prevalence of rotavirus infection among hospitalized patient under this study was 29.8%.Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):273-276

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Rotavirus diarrhea in children under five: A hospital-based surveillance in Jakarta

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzal Kadim ◽  
Yati Soenarto ◽  
Badriul Hegar ◽  
Agus Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Rota Virus ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Background Rotavirus is still a major cause of acute diarrhea in children around the world, both in developed and developingcountries. WHO Surveillance from 2001 to 2008 showed that in children under five years of age treated for acute diarrhea, on average 40% of cases were caused by rotavirus. A previous study in Indonesia showed that the incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in children ranged from 20%􀁑60% of diarrhea cases. However, there have been few studies identifying the genotypes of rotavirus strains in Indonesia. This infonnation is indispensable for manufacturing vaccines.Objective To examine the epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhea, including genotypes and clinical characteristics, in children under five years who were hospitalized in Jakarta.Methods This study was a prospective surveillance conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from January to December 2007 investigating hospitalized children under five years of age who suffered from acute diarrhea.Results Ninety􀁑nine patients joined the study. The incidence of rotavirus infection in this study was 67%. The youngest was 2months of age and the oldest 54 months of age, Mth an average age of 13.6 months. As much as 92% of rota virus diarrhea was found in subjects aged 3􀁑23 months, Mth a peak age of 12􀁑23 months. Nutritional status, degree of dehydration, bloating, fever, blood in stool, and mucus in the feces were not significantly different between rotavirus and non􀁑rotavirus diarrhea. Vomiting tended to be more frequently experienced by children Mth rotavirus diarrhea than those with non􀁑rotavirus (88% vs. 67%). There was no clear, seasonal pattern for rotavirus diarrhea. Most G genotypes in this study were G1 (35%), G9 (12.5%), G2 (7.5%) and the majority of P genotypes were P6 (52.5%), P8 (17.5%) and P4 (10%).Conclusions The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in hospitalized children under five years of age in Jakarta was 67%, with apredominance ofG1, G9 and G2 genotypes. 

Molecular Detection of Group A Rotavirus in under Five Years Old Children with Acute Diarrhoea Admitted to Yangon Children’s Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Group A Rotavirus ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Rotaviruses are regarded as the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality among children especially under five years of age worldwide. In developing countries like Myanmar, where diarrhoea is in the priority childhood disease, rotavirus surveillance and detection of rotavirus genotypes are utmost important. A hospital-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Yangon Children‟s Hospital among under five children admitted for acute diarrhoea from January to October 2016. This study includes detection of Group A rotavirus antigen by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and genotyping by multiplex RT-PCR. From a total of 488 collected samples, rotavirus antigen was detected in 219 samples (45%). Rotavirus diarrhoea was most common among the age of 6-11 months (38.8%) followed by 12-23 months (37.9%). The results showed that boys were more commonly affected than girls. Detection of rotavirus positivity was peak in February (57.6 %). Out of 219 stool samples with positive ELISA result, 40 stool samples with high optical density value were proceeded for further determination of G and P genotypes. Regarding distribution of G genotypes, the most common G genotype was G9 which comprised 45%, and that of P genotype was P[8] which comprised 92.5%. Regarding combination of G and P genotypes, the most frequent combination is G9P[8], and it constituted 42.5%. Untypable genotypes were seen in 30% of G and 2.5% of P typing. As rotavirus infection can be prevented by vaccine, WHO recommended that rotavirus vaccination should be included in national immunization program especially in countries where prevalence of rotavirus is high. The distribution of G and P genotypes is important in consideration of appropriate vaccine in pre-vaccination and evaluation of effectiveness of vaccine in post-vaccination period. Therefore, the information on currently circulating genotypes of rotavirus in this study will serve as valuable data for vaccination programme.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Rotaviral Antigen Detection by ELISA and ICT in Children below Five Years with Acute Diarrhoea in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Farjana Binte Habib ◽  
Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽  
Md Moynul Haque ◽  
Shib Prasad Sinha ◽  
Suborna Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is responsible for acute severe watery diarrhoea in young children. Early and rapid detection of rotavirus infection can help to reduce inappropriate administration of antibiotics and has future positive impact on prevention of drug resistance. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the role of rotaviral antigen detection by ICT from stool sample of acute diarrhoeal children below five years admitted in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the department of microbiology in collaboration with the department of paediatrics during the period from 1st January  to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 children of under five years of age with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study. Rotaviral antigen was detected by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and ICT (Immunochromatographic test) from stool samples. Out of 184 stool samples, rotaviral antigen was found positive in 84 and 86 cases by ICT and ELISA methods, respectively. ICT showed sensitivity of 90.70% and specificity of 93.88% when compared with ELISA. The rotavirus infection was found highest in male children (61.90%) and in age group of 7 to 12 months (51.89%). Considering the importance of rotaviral diarrhoea, rapid detection of rotavirus infection by ICT is essentially needed and should be practiced routinely as it is relatively reliable, easy to perform and cost-effective. It is particularly important in Bangladesh, where diarrhoea is still contributing a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity in under five children. Bangladesh Med J. 2020 Jan; 49 (1): 14-18

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of norovirus infection responsible for acute diarrhea in Congolese hospitalized children under five years old in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivaldie Mikounou Louya ◽  
Christevy Vouvoungui ◽  
Félix Koukouikila-Koussounda ◽  
Francisco Veas ◽  
Simon Charle Kobawila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Prevalence of Rotavirus diarrhea among under-five hospitalized children in government tertiary hospital, Tirupati

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Manohar Badur ◽  
RaviKumar Panabaka ◽  
MadhaviLatha Naramalli ◽  
ShankarReddy Dudala ◽  
ShabbirAli Shaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

scholarly journals Rotavirus in diarrhoeic children under-five attending a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1863
Author(s):  
Nikhil Khude ◽  
Lona Dash ◽  
Sushma Save ◽  
Badhuli Samal ◽  
Jayanthi Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Etiological Diagnosis ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens

Background: Diarrhoeal diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children requiring hospitalization in developing countries. Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhoea among under-five children. Etiological diagnosis of diarrhoea would enable appropriate management of patients while limiting the spread of drug resistant pathogens. This study was undertaken to determine presence of rotavirus and other diarrhoeal pathogens in under-five diarrhoeic children attending a tertiary care hospital, and the related clinical presentations.Methods: 120 stool samples of under-five children with acute diarrhoea, attending the OPD and indoor services of a tertiary care hospital, were studied over one year. Rotavirus antigen was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Bacterial and parasitic pathogens were detected using standard microbiological techniques.Results: Out of 120 stool samples tested, 36 were positive for Rota virus antigen. Bacterial isolates included E. coli (25), Vibrio cholerae (12) and Aeromonas species (1). Parasites were observed in nine samples and multiple pathogens in nine.Conclusions: Rotavirus continues to be a major cause of childhood diarrhoea. As antibiotics have no role in the management of viral and parasitic diarrhoeas, etiological diagnosis is imperative for proper management of diarrhoea and prevention of indiscriminate use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Acute Rotavirus Diarrhea Among Hospitalized Children Under Five Years of Age in Hefei, China, During 2015 - 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yuan ◽  
Gillian Gianna Anne Lum ◽  
Junmei Zhao ◽  
Wenya Li
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Acute Viral Gastroenteritis

Background: Rotavirus infection is still the leading cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in children under five years of age worldwide. It is also a serious public health concern in China. Objectives: This study aimed to obtain information about rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children in Hefei City, Anhui Province, China, in recent years. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study over four years (2015 - 2018) examining hospital admission records of rotavirus infections at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Hefei City of Anhui Province, China. Results: A total of 1,095 cases with acute viral gastroenteritis requiring hospital admission from January 2015 to December 2018 were analyzed. Among them, 276 cases were positive for rotavirus A infection, accounting for 25.21% of the total number of children suffering from acute diarrhea. The detection rate of rotavirus A was the highest in children aged 1 - 2 years. The peak month for rotavirus infection during 2015 - 2018 was December and January. The hospitalized children with rotavirus infection showed dehydration, electrolyte disorder, liver function abnormality, and myocardial enzyme abnormality. Conclusions: Rotavirus is still the first pathogen of acute viral diarrhea in children in Hefei, especially children < 2 years of age, which highlights the need for widespread rotavirus immunization in young children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and clinical characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in Mataram, Lombok, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayan Sulaksmana Sandhi Parwata ◽  
Wayan Sukardi ◽  
Abdul Wahab ◽  
Yati Soenarto
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infections

diarrhea and dehydration among children aged <5 years in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. There have been few studies on the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in Mataram.Objective To determine the prevalence and characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in children under five years of age with acute diarrhea in Mataram.Methods A cross sectional study using the WHO Generic Protocol for Rotavirus Surveillance was conducted in the Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) General Hospital, Mataram, as part of a multicenter study by the Indonesian Rotavirus Surveillance Network (IRSN) for children under five years of age. Subjects were diagnosed with rotavirus diarrhea based on stool sample examinations, using RT-PCR for genotyping. They were admitted to the Pediatrics Ward of the NTB Provincial General Hospital from January to December 2010.Results Of 329 children admitted with acute diarrhea, 210 (63.8%) had rotavirus positive stool specimens. For the year 2010, the highest incidence of rotavirus infection was in the month of January (86.4%). Rotavirus infections were found in children less than 2 years of age (65.4%), with the highest prevalence in the age group of 6 to 23 months (68.5%). In addition to clinical symptoms of watery diarrhea, there was a significantly greater percentage of vomiting in rotaviral vs. non-rotaviral diarrhea (67.7% vs. 32.3%, respectively; P<0.05). The majority of G and P genotypes found were G1 (86%), G2 (12%), P[8] (66%), P[4] (12.8%), and P[6] (8%).Conclusion Rotavirus infections are the most common cause of acute diarrhea in children aged <2 years in Mataram, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Immunochromatographic Test and ELISA for Detection of Rotavirus in Fecal Sample : A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Kanti Biswas ◽  
Nahid Sultana ◽  
Md Badruddoza ◽  
Md Anwarul Azim ◽  
Rajat Sankar Roy Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea in children. Early diagnosis of rotavirus infection helps to determine appropriate treatment thus preventing unnecessary use of antibiotics and minimizes its spread. Rapid test using lateral flow immunochromatography is a good alternative to Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with good sensitivity. This study was undertaken to compare Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) with ELISA for detection of rotavirus antigen in stool sample. Materials and methods: Ninety stool samples from hospitalized children less than two years of age with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were tested by both ICT and ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity was compared. Results: Out of 90 samples 63.3% were positive for rotavirus antigen by ELISA and 51% were positive by ICT. Sensitivity and specificity of ICT was determined considering ELISA as a gold standard. Sensitivity of ICT was 80.7% whereas specificity was 100%. Conclusion: Rotavirus gastroenteritis cases can be diagnosed by rapid test (Immunochromatography) with high sensitivity and specificity Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (2); July 2019; Page 7-11

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