scholarly journals Morphobiometry and Growth Performances of Improved Genetic Types of Chickens (Gallus Gallus) Raised in Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Francois Djitie Kouatcho ◽  
Razvan Mihail Radu-Rusu ◽  
Dan-Claudiu Roşca ◽  
Sotche Merveil Steve ◽  
Eliza Simiz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Single Comb

Abstract From July to November 2019, a study has been carried out in the locality of Ngaoundéré in order to contribute to a better knowledge of exotic hens. For this purpose, 190 improved strain chicks of one day-old with an average weight of 35.49±3.78g were distributed according to the type of feather. They were fed an iso-energetic and iso-proteic feed. Data on phenotype characteristics, growth performance, biometric data and carcass were determined. The main results show that three types of feathering were recorded with 16.4% of hens with bare necks and with feathered pits, 78.1% of hens with feathered pits and 5.5% of hens with normal feathers. The majority of hens were recorded with a single comb (75.3%), round mumps (71.2%), white pits (76.4%), black beaks (47.9%) and brown eyes (75.3%). In terms of zootechnical performance, the highest live weight (1758.00±322.20g) was recorded with naked-necked hens and feathered pits. The highest weekly average weight gain was recorded with yellow eyed hens (111.77±16.63g) followed by bare-necked and feathered pits (107.83±20.06g). Hens expressing the Na and Pti genes showed the best growth performance although carcass yield was not significantly affected by feather type. It was concluded that there is a very high phenotypic diversity in the so-called improved hens. However, despite their great potential, responsible management of this genetic resource should be encouraged in order to avoid genetic erosion of local poultry resources.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 

The effect of dietary concentrations of digestible energy on the performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned pigs

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
M. R. Taverner ◽  
P. D. Mullaney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

SUMMARYFifty-four pigs weaned at 3 weeks of age were allocated at an average weight of 5·4 kg to two experiments to examine the effects of diets having digestible energy (DE) concentrations ranging from 2910 to 3940 kcal/kg.In the first experiment pig growth performance and the dry-matter digestibility of the experimental diets were measured between 3 and 8 weeks of age. The composition of the carcass at 8 weeks of age was correlated with the composition of various carcass joints.In the second experiment pig growth performance was measured over the live-weight range 5-4 to 20 kg.The findings were:1. Growth rate was linearly related to DE intake.2. The optimum DE level for maximum growth was 3640 kcal/kg.3. The efficiency of utilization of DE for growth did not vary in the first experiment but was poorest at a DE concentration of 3245 kcal/kg in the second.4. The DE content of the diet had no significant effect on carcass characteristics at 8 weeks of age in the first experiment or at 20 kg live weight in the second.5. The proportion of fat and lean in the 8-week carcass was significantly (P < 0·01) correlated with that of the shoulder joint.

scholarly journals Effets de la supplémentation de l’aliment en poudre des feuilles de goyavier (Psidium guajava) sur les performances de croissance des porcelets

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-651
Author(s):  
François Djitie Kouatcho ◽  
Victor M. Kuate Silatchom ◽  
Ferdinand Ngoula
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Powder Feed ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
The One

Dans le but de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des effets des feuilles de goyavier sur la croissance en élevage porcin, une étude a été menée sur les effets de la supplémentation de l’aliment en poudre des feuilles de goyavier (Psiduim guajava) sur la croissance des porcelets hybrides (Large White x Landrace). A cet effet, 24 porcelets de 65 jours d’âge et de poids moyen de 10,83±0,26 kg ont été répartis en quatre lots de 6 porcelets (03 mâles et 03 femelles) chacun. A chaque lot choisi au hasard a été attribué par jour et pendant 30 jours consécutifs une ration supplémentée avec 0 ; 0,5 ; 1 et 1,5% de poudre des feuilles de goyavier. Les performances de croissance ont été étudiées. La consommation alimentaire et le poids vif ont été comparables entre tous les traitements. Le gain de poids, le gain moyen quotidien et l’efficacité alimentaire ont été significativement (P<0,05) plus élevés avec la ration contenant 1,5% de poudre de feuilles de goyavier comparé à la ration contenant seulement 1% de cette poudre. L’indice de consommation et le coût de production ont été relativement plus faibles chez les porcelets ayant reçu 1,5% de poudre des feuilles de goyavier comparés à ceux des autres traitements. Il a été conclu que la supplémentation de l’aliment au taux de 1,5% de la poudre des feuilles de goyavier améliore les performances de croissance des porcelets.Mots clés : Psidium guajava, enrichissement, porcelet, croissance, coût de production.   English Title: Effect of feed supplementation with dry powder of guava leaves (Psidium guajava) on growth performances of cross breed pigletsIn order to contribute to a better understanding of the effects of guava leaves on growth in pig farming, a study has been conducted on the effects of supplementation of guava leaves powder feed (Psiduim guajava) on the growth of hybrid piglets (Large White x Landrace). For this purpose, 24 piglets of 65 days of age and an average weight of 10.83±0.26 kg were distributed in four batches of 6 piglets each. To each group choosing randomly, diets supplemented with 0; 0,5; 1 and 1,5% of guava leaves powder was assigned daily for thirty  consecutive days. Growth performances characteristics were studied. Feed intake and live weight were comparable between all  treatments. The weight gain, daily average gain and feed efficiency were significantly higher with the diet containing 1,5% guava leaves powder as compared to the one with 1% of that powder. Feed efficiency and the cost of production were non-significantly lower in piglet haven received diet containing 1,5% of guava leaves powder compared to other treatments. It can there be concluded that food supplementation by 1,5% with guava leave powder improve growth performances of piglets.Keywords: Psidium guajava, supplementation, piglet, growth performances, production’s cost.  

scholarly journals Growth performance, carcass indices and blood profile of broiler chickens fed tiger nut residue

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
C. A. Essien ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Average Weight Gain

A total of two-hundred-and-forty day old broiler chicks were used to study the response of broiler birds to diets containing graded levels of tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize. The diets consisted of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of TNR as a replacement for maize as T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The birds were allotted to four dietary treatments of 4 replicates each containing 60 and 15 birds respectively in a completely randomized design. The data obtained from the experiment were subjected to one - way analysis of variance. The results showed that average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) were high for birds fed 10% TNR and increased numerically than the 0, 20 and 30% groups at the starter phase. In the finisher phase the average weight gain (AWG) and final weight gain (FWG) followed the same trend. Feed intake was not significantly affected by the diet at the starter and finisher phases. In the starter phase the T1 (control) recorded the best and the lowest feed conversion ratio but in the finisher phase, the best feed conversion ratio was observed in T2. The TNR inclusion had no significant (p˃0.05) effect on live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, cut-parts and organs of the birds. The haematological parameters were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the diets. All the biochemical parameters determined; serum protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, cholesterol and triglyceride were not significantly (p˃0.05) affected by the treatment diet. It was concluded that tiger nut residue (TNR) as a replacement for maize at a 30% level of inclusion did not cause any deleterious effects on the performance, carcass and blood profiles of broilers

scholarly journals Effects of the dietary digestible fiber-to-starch ratio on pellet quality, growth and cecal microbiota of Angora rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
Guiqin Yang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
He Tian ◽  
Jiantao Li ◽  
Dongxin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Pellet Quality ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Digestive Health

Objective: Substituting starch with digestible fiber (dF) can improve digestive health of rabbits and reduce costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a criterion for dF and starch supply. Effects of the dietary dF-to-starch ratio on pellet quality, growth and cecal microbiota of Angora rabbits were evaluated.Methods: Five isoenergetic and isoproteic diets with increasing dF/starch ratios (0.59, 0.66, 0.71, 1.05, and 1.44) were formulated. A total of 120 Angora rabbits with an average live weight of 2.19 kg were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates. At the end of 40 day feeding trial, cecal digesta were collected to analyse microbiota.Results: The results showed that the dF/starch ratio had linear effects on pellet variables (p<0.01). When the dF/starch ratio was 1.44, the pellets had the lowest powder and highest durability. The dF/starch ratio had unfavorable linear effects on growth variables (p<0.001). When analyzed by quadratic regression, the optimal dF/starch ratios for average weight gain and feed/gain were 0.59 and 0.74, respectively. There were differences in wool yield, fiber length and fiber diameter caused by the dF/starch ratio (p<0.05), and the dF/starch ratios that ranged from 0.66 to 1.06 were appropriate for good results. The cecal microbiota operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number index in the 1.05 dF/starch treatment was higher than that in the 0.66 and 0.71 dF/starch treatments. The higher dF/starch ratio resulted in a higher cecal microbiota OTU number index (p<0.05). The proportion of <i>Ruminococcus</i> in the 0.71 dF/starch treatment was higher than that in the 0.59 dF/starch treatment (p<0.05)Conclusion: The most suitable dF/starch ratio for feed pellet quality is 1.44, and for rabbit growth the optimal range of ratios is from 0.59 to 0.74. With combination of the wool growth, output cost, and cecal microbiota, we suggest that a dietary dF/starch ratio ranging from 0.74 to 1.06 is optimal.

scholarly journals Comparison of growth performance and slaughter characteristics of Limousin and Charolais heifers

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zahrádková ◽  
L. Bartoň ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
V. Teslík ◽  
V. Kudrna
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of breed and a diet containing linseed on the growth and carcass composition characteristics of heifers. A total of 48 Limousin (LI) and Charolais (CH) heifers with an average weight of 270 kg were assigned to two diets containing either extruded linseed (LIN) or no supplemental oilseed (CON). The target slaughter weight was set at 500 kg. The diet had no effect on any of the observed production traits. The CH heifers had higher live weight gains (P<0.001) and a lower feed conversion ratio (P<0.001). The LI heifers had a higher dressing percentage (P<0.001), higher meat to bone ratio (P<0.001), greater m. longissimus lumborum et thoracis area (P<0.05), and produced more internal and carcass fat (P<0.05). It was concluded that purebred LI heifers grew less rapidly and less efficiently but produced heavier carcasses with a more favourable meat to bone ratio compared to purebred CH heifers.

Date Scraps and Rumen Content Extract in Broiler Feed: Effects on Growth Performances, Carcass Yields, Meat Quality and Economic Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Yamouna Bara ◽  
Rafik Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche ◽  
Etienne Montaigne ◽  
Abdelhamid Baa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Broiler Feed

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the production performances and carcass characteristics of local broiler chickens of replacing corn with cull dates from agri-food industries in oasis zones and of complementing this with rumen content extract from sheep abattoirs in the chickens’ feed rations. A total of 200 male and female day-old chicks of local stock, with an average weight of 25±2g, were divided randomly into 4 groups of 50 individuals, each group distinguished by the respective rate of substitution of corn by cull dates (0%, 20%, 30% and 40%) for a period of 48 days. Each group was divided into ten (10) cages of 5 subjects. The live weights after 48 days improved for all experimental groups, recording an increase of +162g (20%); +82g (30%) and +31g (40%). All of the characteristics remained unchanged for all groups with the exception of liver weight, which was lower in the experimental groups. Substituting until 40% of the corn by culls dates while adding 250 ml rumen content extract per kilogram of broiler feed increased the live weight and average daily gain compared to the control.

PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING BUNAJI BULLS FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVEL OF PALM KERNEL CAKE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
R. T. Sani ◽  
G. Z. Rekwot ◽  
W. Idowu ◽  
H. O. Okin-Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Average Weight Gain

 A fattening trial was conducted for 90 days using 20 Bunaji bulls with a live weight range of 190-200kg and aged 2-2.5 years to determine fattening performance. The bulls were fed diets containing varying levels of palm Kernel cake (PKC). Four bulls per treatment were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in Completely Randomised Design. Concentrate and basal diets of Digitaria smutsii were offered at 2% body weight. The data collected from the experiment were analysed using General Linear Model Procedure of SAS, (2002) The crude protein contents of the experimental diets varied between 15.63 and 20.31% while ME ranged from 11.75 to 11.78MJ/kg DM. The crude fibre varied from 13.92 to 23.31%. Average feed intake ranged between 8.67-9.11Kg/day with animals on 10, 20 and 40% PKC showed significant (P<0.05) difference across the treatments. Average daily weight gain was highest (1.33kg) for animal on 10% PKC followed by (1.31kg) on 30% PKC inclusion. No significant differences (P>0.05) was observed in average weight gain for animals on diets containing 0 20 and 40% PKC inclusions. All the experimental bulls attained an average weight gain of between 1.13Kg to 1.33Kg. Cost per Kg gain was highest at 0% PKC inclusion and lowest at 40% PKC. Net benefit (NB) and value of weight gain (VWG) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for bulls on 10 and 30% PKC inclusion. There was positive net benefit and Return to Investment (ROI) on feed across treatments. The inclusion of PKC lead to reduction in feed 

scholarly journals Growth performance and haematological characteristics of broiler finisher chickens fed palm kernel cake as partial replacement for maize and Soya bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
N. J. Anyanwu ◽  
B. C. Obilonu ◽  
V. U. Odoemelam ◽  
I. Etela ◽  
G. A. Kalio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Average Weight Gain

High feed cost resulting from the use of conventional feed ingredients represents a major challenge in broiler production in South-East Nigeria. Feed constitutes 70% of the cost of production of broiler chickens hence, the replacement of unconventional feed ingredients holds the key to sustainable poultry production. This trial was aimed at determining the optimum inclusion level of palm kernel cake as a partial replacement of soya bean and maize in a broiler finisher diet during a 28-day trial. The PKC was included at 0%, 35%, 40% and 45% of total feed composition and birds were fed ad libitum. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) four week-old broilers were used for the measurements. Birds were allotted to four treatment groups of 10 birds each with three replications in a completely randomized design (CRD). The growth performance and haematological characteristics were evaluated. The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the final weight gains, average weight gain and feed conversion ratio but no significant differences was observed in the feed intake. The control diet had the highest average weight gain of 919.20g and 40% PKC inclusion had the least value of 595.47g. At end of the experiment, 6 birds randomly selected from each treatment were fasted overnight and slaughtered for blood samples collection. The results of the haematological parameters indicated significant differences (P<0.05) in the haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell counts (WBC), respectively. Furthermore, the mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell heamoglobin (MCH), mean cell heamoglobin concentration (MCHC) all showed significant variation. However, no significant differences were observed in the red blood cell count (RBC). From this study, it could be concluded that although broiler birds can tolerate high inclusion levels of PKC up to 40%, 35% was the level of inclusion that would result to higher weight gains for optimum productivity.

scholarly journals Effect of oligochitosan supplementation on growth and innate immunity of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at pond culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Ngoc Duy Nguyen ◽  
Van Phu Dang ◽  
Anh Quoc Le ◽  
Kim Lan Nguyen Thi ◽  
Quoc Hien Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Pond Culture ◽  
Striped Catfish ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Oligochitosan (COS) was prepared by gamma Co-60 irradiation of chitosan/H2O2 solutions and mixed with cornstarch to form the powder with content of 100 000 mg COS/kg. The striped catfish (P. hypophthalmus) was fed with diets containing 100 mg COS/kg feed for 9 months at pond culture. The effects of COS supplementation on growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate in striped catfish were investigated. The results indicated that the growth performance and survival rate of striped catfish fed with 100 mg COS/kg were significantly improved and the FCRdecreased. The average weight gain, survival rate and FCR of striped catfish fed with diets containing COS were 971 ± 85 gram, 83.19 ± 0.35 % and 1.477 ± 0.013 in comparison with 896 ± 78 gram, 78.43 ± 0.64 % and 1.578 ± 0.038 of control group, respectively. Thus, COS can be potentially utilized as immunostimulants and growth promoter for aquaculture.

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