scholarly journals Effect of Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Dimethoate on the Growth Response of Cowpea Plants and the Surrounding Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.O. Oladapo ◽  
E. A. Ekundayo ◽  
F.O. Ekundayo ◽  
O.A. Gbaye
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Adverse Influence

Abstract Insecticides are used widely to control insect pests affecting cowpea and their residues are often deposited in the soil. This may impact the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil and the plant health. This study was designed to investigate the growth response of cowpea treated with lambda-cyhalothrin and dimethoate and the insecticides influence on the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil. Three cowpea seeds were planted per polyethylene bag containing top soil, and later thinned to two plants. The insecticides were assayed singly or combined. The insecticides were applied at the pre-flowering (30th day), flowering (50th day) and at podding (70th day) stages of cowpea growth. The physico-chemical parameters of treated soils were assayed. Treated soils with lambdacyhalothrin and dimethoate and the control were slightly acidic with pH varying from 5.78 to 6.55. Soil organic matter and soil nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and sodium had lowest values in untreated soil; they had highest values in soil treated with combined insecticides. Lambda-cyhalothrin and dimethoate treatments elicited diverse response from the cowpea plant. Generally, there were slight increase in the vegetative parameters, yield and pod dimensions of treated plants when compared with the control. These insecticides also increased the root nodules, root length and dry weight of cowpea at different concentrations. The combination of these insecticides had positive effect on cowpea without adverse influence on the yield and as well as the soil physicochemical properties.

Impact of environmental conditions and seed physico-chemical characteristics on the resistance of cowpea genotypes to Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (05) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kosini ◽  
E.N. Nukenine ◽  
C. Saidou ◽  
J.-B.T. Noubissié ◽  
S. Dolinassou
Keyword(s):  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

AbstractThere is a need to improve research and extension documentation to assist farmers in making better use of the available resistant cowpea genotypes to insects attack during storage. A study was conducted to determine the resistance of ten cowpea genotypes [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] to Callosobruchus maculatus F. attack in the Sudano-Guinean and Sudano-Sahelian agro-ecological zones (SS) of Cameroon. Thereafter, seeds were analyzed for physical properties and chemical composition to determine the main parameters of their resistance against C. maculatus. The SS was more suitable for insect infestation. Genotypes were classified into resistant to highly susceptible. Results showed that the physical characteristics of seeds were less important than the chemical components for conferring resistance to C. maculatus. Two genotypes, Samira and Lade, consistently demonstrated high tolerance to infestation by C. maculatus, and therefore may be recommended for use in breeding programs as a source of resistance and then to minimize the dependence on insecticides for the control of insect pests under subsistence farming conditions in Cameroon.

scholarly journals Growth Response and Production of Soybean (Glyicine max (L.) on Application of Phosphorous Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Dedy Susanto Manurung ◽  
Yaya Hasanah ◽  
Rosita Sipayung
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorous Fertilizer ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Increased soybean production both from quantity and quality continues to be pursued with extensification and intensification. During this time, fertilization is one of the cultivation techniques that is expected to contribute significantly in increasing soybean production. This study aims to determine the response of growth and production of soybean to Phosphorous (P) fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation. This research was conducted at Jl. Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara, from August-November 2017 with P fertilizer (SP-36) treatments (0, 50, 100, 150 kg/ha) and Rhizobium inoculation treatments (0, 5, 10 g/kg of seed). Variables observed were number of nodule root, number of filled pods, dry weight of seed per plant, dry weight of seed per plot and dry weight of 100 seeds. The results showed rhizobium inoculation significantly affected to the number of effective root nodules (nodules), filled pods, dry weight of seed per plant and dry weight of seed per plot with the best treatment was Rhizobium inoculation 5g/kg of seed) while the P fertilizer treatment and interaction between the two had no significant effect to all variables observed.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Stem Cuttings on Several Composition of Planting Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Ramadhan Butar Butar ◽  
Ferry Ezra Sitepu ◽  
Yaya Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Top Soil

Planting media is one of the keys to success in cultivating peppermint to produce the optimal growth. The objective of the research is to determine the growth response of peppermint stem cutting on composition of planting media. The research was conducted at the research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan on August to October 2017 using non factorial randomized block design consisted of composition of planting media (top soil ; top soil + biochar (3:1); top soil + chicken manure (3:1); top soil + empty fruit bunches of palm oil compost (3:1); top soil + empty fruit bunches of palm oil compost + chicken manure (2:1:1); top soil + biochar + chicken manure (2:1:1); top soil + biochar + empty fruit bunches of palm oil compost (2:1:1). The results show that the composition of planting media was significantly effect of the percentage of cutting grows, number of shoots, length of shoots, root volume and number of leaves. Top soil: EFB of palm oil (3: 1) the best treatment because it increases the percentage of cutting growth, root volume, dry weight and root dry weight.

Study of Physico-chemical Characteristics and Pharmacological Effects of 1-Ethyl-Salicyldene-bis-Ethylene-Diamine and Its Complex with Mn(II)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2534-2537
Author(s):  
Gladiola Tantaru ◽  
Mihai Apostu ◽  
Antonia Poiata ◽  
Mihai Nichifor ◽  
Nela Bibire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The paper presents the synthesis of a new complex combination of a Bis-Schiff base with Mn(II) ions with great potential for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. A new complex of the Salen-type ligand, 1-ethyl-salicylidene-bis-ethylene diamine was synthetized using Mn(II) ions. The chemical structure was confirmed through 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of the Bis-Schiff base and its complex were tested in comparison with Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Ofloxacin and Nystatin. Those compounds were found to be active against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, and had an anti-inflammatory effect comparable to that of Indomethacin.

Progress and Prospects in Translating Nanobiotechnology in Medical Theranostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Batool ◽  
Farid Menaa ◽  
Bushra Uzair ◽  
Barkat Ali Khan ◽  
Bouzid Menaa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Functionalized Nanomaterials ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
And Performance

: The pace at which nanotheranostic technology for human disease is evolving has accelerated exponentially over the past five years. Nanotechnology is committed to utilizing the intrinsic properties of materials and structures at submicroscopic-scale measures. Indeed, there is generally a profound influence of reducing physical dimensions of particulates and devices on their physico-chemical characteristics, biological properties, and performance. The exploration of nature’s components to work effectively as nanoscaffolds or nanodevices represents a tremendous and growing interest in medicine for various applications (e.g., biosensing, tunable control and targeted drug release, tissue engineering). Several nanotheranostic approaches (i.e., diagnostic plus therapeutic using nanoscale) conferring unique features are constantly progressing and overcoming all the limitations of conventional medicines including specificity, efficacy, solubility, sensitivity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability, interactions at subcellular levels. : This review introduces two major aspects of nanotechnology as an innovative and challenging theranostic strategy or solution: (i) the most intriguing (bare and functionalized) nanomaterials with their respective advantages and drawbacks; (ii) the current and promising multifunctional “smart” nanodevices.

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