Progress and Prospects in Translating Nanobiotechnology in Medical Theranostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Batool ◽  
Farid Menaa ◽  
Bushra Uzair ◽  
Barkat Ali Khan ◽  
Bouzid Menaa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Functionalized Nanomaterials ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
And Performance

: The pace at which nanotheranostic technology for human disease is evolving has accelerated exponentially over the past five years. Nanotechnology is committed to utilizing the intrinsic properties of materials and structures at submicroscopic-scale measures. Indeed, there is generally a profound influence of reducing physical dimensions of particulates and devices on their physico-chemical characteristics, biological properties, and performance. The exploration of nature’s components to work effectively as nanoscaffolds or nanodevices represents a tremendous and growing interest in medicine for various applications (e.g., biosensing, tunable control and targeted drug release, tissue engineering). Several nanotheranostic approaches (i.e., diagnostic plus therapeutic using nanoscale) conferring unique features are constantly progressing and overcoming all the limitations of conventional medicines including specificity, efficacy, solubility, sensitivity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability, interactions at subcellular levels. : This review introduces two major aspects of nanotechnology as an innovative and challenging theranostic strategy or solution: (i) the most intriguing (bare and functionalized) nanomaterials with their respective advantages and drawbacks; (ii) the current and promising multifunctional “smart” nanodevices.

scholarly journals Effects of root pruning on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of winter jujube rhizosphere soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Yang ◽  
Z.Y. Du ◽  
Y. Yu ◽  
Z.L. Zhang ◽  
X.Y. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Zizyphus Jujuba

The root system of six-year-old winter jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Zhanhua) trees were manually pruned at 3, 5 or 7 times trunk diameter distance along both inter-row sides, to study the effects of root pruning on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of winter jujube rhizosphere soil. The results showed that the root pruning of 3 and 5 times trunk diameter distance increased the available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium<sup><sup>[</sup></sup>concentrations and pH values in the rhizosphere soil and decreased organic matter concentrations, the contents of amino acids, organic acids and total sugars in the root exudates, the populations of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi, and inhibited the activities of catalase, invertase and urease enzymes in contrast to the control in early stage when root pruning was applied. The determined indexes presented a reverse trend as those in early stage after new roots appeared. Compared to the control, the trees by root pruning had higher pesticides residues of the rhizosphere soil in the whole experiment. No differences were noticed between 7 times trunk diameter distance and the control. It is proposed that root pruning had greater impacts on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of the rhizosphere soil depending on root pruning intensity. <br clear="all" /> &nbsp;

Advances in nano-biomaterials and their applications in biomedicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogita Patil-Sen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biomolecules Detection

Nano0technology has received considerable attention and interest over the past few decades in the field of biomedicine due to the wide range of applications it provides in disease diagnosis, drug design and delivery, biomolecules detection, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Ultra-small size and large surface area of nanomaterials prove to be greatly advantageous for their biomedical applications. Moreover, the physico-chemical and thus, the biological properties of nanomaterials can be manipulated depending on the application. However, stability, efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticles remain challenge for researchers working in this area. This mini-review highlights the recent advances of various types of nanoparticles in biomedicine and will be of great value to researchers in the field of materials science, chemistry, biology and medicine.

Lipids, Peptides, and Polymers as Targeted Drug Delivery Vectors in Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-275
Author(s):  
Mani Sharma ◽  
Neeraj Kumar Chouhan ◽  
Sandeep Vaidya ◽  
Mamta N. Talati
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Dose Delivery ◽  
Target Delivery ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Process Manufacturing ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Delivery Route ◽  
Overall Efficiency

The authors aim to describe valuable information and experimental reviews that may help to develop and design different formulation, which can boost up the overall efficiency of the final product. Further, they explained the overall efficiency, method of preparation, target delivery approaches, drawbacks, and other characteristics in relation to lipids, peptides, polymers, and vaccines. In addition, they also propose to uncover the physico-chemical properties, in-process manufacturing issues, and external factors that influence the fate of a medicine. That major includes the excipients, method of preparation, dose, delivery route, chemical and biological properties, drug-drug interaction, drug-body interaction, patient compliance, modifications in lipid based nano-vectors, polymer-mediated delivery systems, conjugate delivery systems, and others. In conclusion, by the end of this chapter, the authors are able to explain a robust mode of delivering active constituents more safely and economically to the target site by showing maximum bioavailability.

Study of Physico-chemical Characteristics and Pharmacological Effects of 1-Ethyl-Salicyldene-bis-Ethylene-Diamine and Its Complex with Mn(II)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2534-2537
Author(s):  
Gladiola Tantaru ◽  
Mihai Apostu ◽  
Antonia Poiata ◽  
Mihai Nichifor ◽  
Nela Bibire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The paper presents the synthesis of a new complex combination of a Bis-Schiff base with Mn(II) ions with great potential for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. A new complex of the Salen-type ligand, 1-ethyl-salicylidene-bis-ethylene diamine was synthetized using Mn(II) ions. The chemical structure was confirmed through 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of the Bis-Schiff base and its complex were tested in comparison with Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Ofloxacin and Nystatin. Those compounds were found to be active against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, and had an anti-inflammatory effect comparable to that of Indomethacin.

Chitosan-Nanocellulose Composites for Regenerative Medicine Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4584-4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avik Khan ◽  
Baobin Wang ◽  
Yonghao Ni
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Attractive Candidate ◽  
Fundamental Understanding

Regenerative medicine represents an emerging multidisciplinary field that brings together engineering methods and complexity of life sciences into a unified fundamental understanding of structure-property relationship in micro/nano environment to develop the next generation of scaffolds and hydrogels to restore or improve tissue functions. Chitosan has several unique physico-chemical properties that make it a highly desirable polysaccharide for various applications such as, biomedical, food, nutraceutical, agriculture, packaging, coating, etc. However, the utilization of chitosan in regenerative medicine is often limited due to its inadequate mechanical, barrier and thermal properties. Cellulosic nanomaterials (CNs), owing to their exceptional mechanical strength, ease of chemical modification, biocompatibility and favorable interaction with chitosan, represent an attractive candidate for the fabrication of chitosan/ CNs scaffolds and hydrogels. The unique mechanical and biological properties of the chitosan/CNs bio-nanocomposite make them a material of choice for the development of next generation bio-scaffolds and hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications. In this review, we have summarized the preparation method, mechanical properties, morphology, cytotoxicity/ biocompatibility of chitosan/CNs nanocomposites for regenerative medicine applications, which comprises tissue engineering and wound dressing applications.

A Review on Current Synthetic Strategies of Oxazines

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh L. Gaonkar ◽  
Vignesh U. Nagaraj ◽  
Swarnagowri Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bifunctional Compounds ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Oxazine Derivatives

In the past three decades, the heterocyclic oxazine cores have been intensely concerned. Oxazine derivatives are promising vital heterocyclic motifs. They are eminent for their synthetic potential and extensive biological properties. Oxazines are versatile intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of heterocycles and bifunctional compounds. Researchers have reported several synthetic approaches for the preparation of oxazines. This review emphasises the recent approaches for the synthesis of oxazine derivatives.

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