scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Urban Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Abstract COVID-19, evidently the world’s worst pandemic during the last two centuries, has predicated several challenges for urban designers, especially in their bid to find appropriate designing strategies. Even though there are umpteenth studies in the literature that have focused on the different aspects of COVID-19 related pandemics, very scant studies sought to find appropriate mitigating strategies in designing pandemic friendly urban spaces. Thus, through qualitative grounded theory as a main methodological approach, this study hypothesized that the COVID-19 induced pandemic has direct effects on the liveability of public spaces. Accordingly, by developing a comprehensive review of the literature on the environmental and socio-economic effects of the pandemic, this study proposed a comprehensive framework for understanding its side effects and a comprehensive mitigating strategy to deal with it in the short and long term of designing a healthy urban environment.

scholarly journals Behavioral medicine challenges in the shadow of a global pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa T Brooks ◽  
Hannah K Allen ◽  
Louise Thornton ◽  
Tracy Trevorrow
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Health behavior researchers should refocus and retool as it becomes increasingly clear that the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic surpass the direct effects of COVID-19 and include unique, drastic, and ubiquitous consequences for health behavior. The circumstances of the pandemic have created a natural experiment, allowing researchers focusing on a wide range of health behaviors and populations with the opportunity to use previously collected and future data to study: (a) changes in health behavior prepandemic and postpandemic, (b) health behavior prevalence and needs amidst the pandemic, and (c) the effects of the pandemic on short- and long-term health behavior. Our field is particularly challenged as we attempt to consider biopsychosocial, political, and environmental factors that affect health and health behavior. These realities, while daunting, should call us to action to refocus and retool our research, prevention, and intervention efforts

scholarly journals Crédito consignado: segmentos e efeitos econômicos

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 783-810
Author(s):  
Angélica Pott de Medeiros ◽  
Giulia Xisto de Oliveira ◽  
Reisoli Bender Filho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
The Public ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Vector Estimation

Resumo: O cenário de instabilidade política, a recessão econômica e as mudanças nas regras de concessão de crédito pautaram o objetivo de examinar o relacionamento do crédito consignado, por segmento de concessão, com variáveis macroeconômicas, caso do consumo, da produção industrial e do produto agregado, na última década (2007-2017). Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da estimação do vetor de correção de erros, funções de impulso-resposta e decomposição da variância, possibilitando a análise das relações de curto e de longo prazo entre as séries temporais e indicaram que as diferentes modalidades do crédito consignado implicam efeitos distintos sobre as variáveis econômicas em curto prazo. O segmento de aposentados e pensionistas impacta positivamente ambas as variáveis analisadas, com destaque para os bens de consumo das famílias. Já a concessão ao setor privado, embora represente a menor parcela do crédito consignado concedido, mostrou elevada sensibilidade a alterações na oferta dessa modalidade de crédito, enquanto que o crédito ao setor público, de maior participação, apresentou efeitos reduzidos e de curta duração.Palavras-chave: Crédito consignado. Segmentos. Economia brasileira. Payroll loans: segments and economic effects Abstract: The environment of political instability, economic recession and changes in the rules of granting credit were guiders to aim to examine the payroll loans relationship, by concession segment, with macroeconomic variables, case of consumption, industrial production and aggregate product, in the last decade (2007-2017). The results obtained by error correction vector estimation, and functions of impulse-response and variance decomposition, making it possible to analyze the short- and long-term relationships between the time series and indicated that the different modalities of payroll loans imply different effects on economic short-term variables. With retirees and pensioners segment positively impact on both analyzed variables, highlighting the household consumption goods. The concession to the private sector, although it represents the smallest portion of payroll loans granted, it showed high sensitivity to the changes of this modality. About credit to the public sector, which has the biggest portion, it showed reduced and short-term effects.Keywords: Payroll loans. Segments. Brazilian economy.

Short- and Long-term exercise induced alterations in haemostasis: a review of the literature

Blood Reviews ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle J. Posthuma ◽  
Paola E.J. van der Meijden ◽  
Hugo ten Cate ◽  
Henri M.H. Spronk
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Analysis of the grounding of the MV Rena in New Zealand, 5 October, 2011

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian McLean
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
General Cargo ◽  
Volunteer Time

The grounding of the general cargo vessel MV Rena near Tauranga Harbor in October 2011 was New Zealand’s worst environmental disaster. The ship hit an offshore reef, creating hazardous salvage conditions,and the consequent spill of 350 tonnes of fuel oil affected 50 km of coastline and many islands. Many containers fell overboard, creating hazards for other shipping, requiring additional salvage resources, and introducing toxins to the marine environment that are still washing up six years later. The community responded to the disaster by flocking to the beaches and cleaning up the oil by hand, giving well over 20,000 hours of volunteer time. Short- and long-term environmental consequences for wildlife and the inshore marine environment are reviewed, along with the effects on the local economy, the political context and the management response. There were significant economic effects during the summer immediately following the event, but the clean-up appears to have been remarkably successful. While the above-water superstructure of the ship was removed, much of the (broken-up) hull remains on or close to the reef today. The final (legal) decision on the removal of the wreck has enabled abandonment of the wreck. There appear to be few, if any, long-term wider environmental effects although elevated levels of some contaminants are still measurable close to the wreck in 2017.

Excessive Weight Gain Associated With Dolutegravir Initiation in a 10-Year-Old Female With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Li ◽  
E H Yusuf ◽  
A L Agwu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Excessive Weight Gain ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) face a lifetime of combination antiretroviral treatment that often includes dolutegravir (DTG). DTG, an integrase strand inhibitor that has been linked to weight gain in adults, is increasingly being used in children. Understanding its potential short- and long-term sequelae in children is critically important. We report a case of excessive weight gain in a child with PHIV on DTG and provide a brief literature review.

scholarly journals MERLIN a Cognitive Architecture for Service Robots

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5989
Author(s):  
Miguel Á. González-Santamarta ◽  
Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera ◽  
Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio ◽  
Ángel M. Guerrero-Higueras ◽  
Camino Fernández-Llamas
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Robot Behavior ◽  
Short And Long Term

Many social robots deployed in public spaces hide hybrid cognitive architectures for dealing with daily tasks. Mostly, two main blocks sustain these hybrid architectures for robot behavior generation: deliberative and behavioral-based mechanisms. Robot Operating System offers different solutions for implementing these blocks, however, some issues arise when both are released in the robot. This paper presents a software engineering approach for normalizing the process of integrating them and presenting them as a fully cognitive architecture named MERLIN. Providing implementation details and diagrams for established the architecture, this research tests empirically the proposed solution using a variation from the challenge defined in the SciRoc @home competition. The results validate the usability of our approach and show MERLIN as a hybrid architecture ready for short and long-term tasks, showing better results than using a by default approach, particularly when it is deployed in highly interactive scenarios.

scholarly journals Does classroom diversity improve intergroup relations? Short- and long-term effects of classroom diversity for cross-ethnic friendships and anti-immigrant attitudes in adolescence

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843022094159
Author(s):  
Andrea Bohman ◽  
Marta Miklikowska
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
New Schools ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Classroom Effects ◽  
Classroom Diversity ◽  
Short And Long Term

This study examined short- and long-term effects of ethnic classroom diversity for intergroup relations in adolescence. Using a five-year panel of Swedish majority youth ( MageT1 = 13.40, MageT5 = 17.30), we found only limited direct effects of classroom diversity on anti-immigrant attitudes. However, classroom diversity increased the likelihood of cross-ethnic friendships, which in turn was associated with lower levels of anti-immigrant attitudes. Moreover, we found that the effect of classroom diversity on friendships remained also after adolescents transitioned to new schools. The findings highlight the importance of longitudinal analyses and contribute to a deeper understanding of how intergroup relations develop during adolescence. It brings new insights related to the longevity of classroom effects and to cross-ethnic friendships’ ability to mediate the diversity–attitudes relationship.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 tropism: what urologists need to know

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed Desouky
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Genitourinary Tract ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Abstract Background Apart from viral sexually transmitted diseases, viral infections in urology are not common and likely to be underreported. Initially, COVID-19 was thought to be only affecting our practice indirectly through reducing elective work that almost came to a stop. However, recent upcoming reports show that urologists can get involved far beyond that. Main body Genitourinary tract can be directly affected based on the SARS-CoV-2 virus organotropism. The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive review of the data available and to highlight any possible similarity with the few known viral infections involving genitourinary organs with regard to its pathophysiologic impact. Conclusion Urologists need to extrapolate their experience with viral infections in the urinary tract so as to be able to manage such possible COVID infections and its short- and long-term consequences.

scholarly journals Developing a Comprehensive Framework for Crowd Funding Factors by Using the Hexagon Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-157
Author(s):  
Ali Haji Gholam Saryazdi ◽  
Ali Rajabzadeh Ghatari ◽  
Alinaghi Mashayekhi ◽  
Alireza Hasanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

In recent years, crowd funding has seriously been considered as a novel method of financing start-up businesses and innovative ideas. In its short life time so far, the method has significantly grown in different aspects such as the number of proposed platforms, the number of campaigns and their success rate, the amount of capital provided, and the number of proposed models. In addition, various researchers have investigated the phenomenon from different points of view. Nevertheless, just a few studies have carried out a comprehensive review of the factors affecting this method. The main purpose of this research is to design and implement a comprehensive framework for factors that affect crowd funding. In order to achieve this goal, the effective factors in this regard were first identified through systematic review of the literature on crowd funding. Then, they were classified and clustered in a hexagonal framework based on the stakeholder's model. In other words, a qualitative method is used to extract the factors affecting crowd funding. The hexagons extracted from the literature were in 82 clusters out of which 38 were accounted for by capital seekers, 16 by investors and platforms, and 12 by other stakeholders. This study is the first effort to design a comprehensive framework for factors that affect crowd funding. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-07 Full Text: PDF

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