scholarly journals Factors affecting household access to water supply in residential areas in parts of Lagos metropolis, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (43) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Isaiah Sewanu Akoteyon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Access To Water

AbstractAccess to water is vital for sustainable human socio-economic development. The study examined factors affecting households’ access to water supply in three residential areas in parts of Lagos metropolis, Nigeria. A random sampling technique was employed to administer questionnaires to 200 households. The study area was delineated into residential types using the grid method. The result shows the dominance of improved water sources in the high/medium-income residential areas. Households in the medium-income area recorded the highest access in terms of distance to, and safety of water supply. The factor analysis explains 77.41% of the variance with three components, namely: water access, demographic and economic attributes. The results of the analysis of variance reveal three significant variables, namely: main water source, income and cost, which is significant at p<0.01. The regression equation model obtained is given as Y = 2.059 + 0.307MWS + 0.286INM + 0.164CST. The study concluded that main water source, income and cost are the factors affecting access to water supply in the study area. The study recommends investment in water infrastructure, giving a higher priority to low-income residential areas for improved healthy living and sustainable socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Household Knowledge on Water Supply, Hygiene and Sanitation Practices in So-Ava District (South Benin)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (26) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Oswald F. Dan ◽  
D. Mathieu Maurice Ahouansou ◽  
Luc O. Sintondji ◽  
Elliott R. Dossou-Yovo ◽  
Dodji Amouzouvi
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Access To Water

The adoption of good practices in access to water, hygiene and sanitation is very important for the well-being and socio-economic development of any community. The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices that households adopt regarding water supply, hygiene and sanitation. For this, a survey was conducted among 386 households in the seven districts of the commune of Sô-Ava. The data collected was analyzed using the XLSTAT 17 software and the Excel Spreadsheet. The results obtained show that in the commune of Sô-Ava, drilling is the most used water source and that nearly 66.33% of households do not cover their containers during the transport of water with a rate that varies from 2.85 to 25.39% from one borough to another. Sô-Ava is the district that has the highest number of latrines is that with a rate of 3.11%. In addition, most households dispose of their garbage and wastewater either in the wild or in the water body in the absence of a waste collection system. The low level of hygiene and sanitation observed could affect the quality of drinking water and hence the health of the population.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

Improving access to water supply and sanitation in urban India: microfinance for water and sanitation infrastructure development

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Davis ◽  
Gary White ◽  
Said Damodaron ◽  
Rich Thorsten
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation Infrastructure ◽  
Sanitation Infrastructure ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

This article summarises initial findings of a study to explore the potential of providing micro-financing for low-income households wishing to invest in improved water supply and sanitation services. Through in-depth interviews with more than 800 households in the city of Hyderabad in India, we conclude that, even if provided with market (not concessional) rates of financing, a substantial proportion of poor households would invest in water and sewer network connections.

scholarly journals Employability of Iranian Engineering graduates: Influential factors, consequences, and strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-130
Author(s):  
Hamid Farhadi Rad ◽  
Abdollah Parsa ◽  
Elahe Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The University ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractUniversity education is a significant factor in the socio-economic development of a nation and as such is expected to improve the employability capacity of the graduates. Achieving this goal, however, depends on various factors. The present study investigated the factors affecting the employability of engineering graduates of Iranian universities. To analyse this issue, a systematic grounded theory (GT) approach, drawing on in-depth interviews with academic and industry experts, was used. The participants were selected using a purposive strategy. The data analyses showed that employability is a context-oriented issue, and in addition to the university and its internal mechanisms, external factors are also involved. Based on the data, a model is presented and analysed to explain the employability of engineering graduates.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONALY OF WATER AND SEWAGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Yu. MELESHKO ◽  
T. SERHIYEVICH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the research of the system of external and internal factors causing the development of water supply and sewage facilities of the Republic of Belarus. This sector of the economy needs of the systemic modernization. Its scientific support should include the identification and analysis of factors of the external and internal environment of the water and sewage economy. The study of the characteristics of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus and the specifics of the water and sewage economy as an independent type of economic activity allowed structuring external and internal factors for the development of a water supply and wastewater system in the housing and utilities sector of the Republic of Belarus, as well as identifying and analyzing the risks that may arise during modernization of the system and requiring consideration in the development of its areas.

scholarly journals The Implication of Farmers - Herders Conflicts on the Socio-Economic Development of Omala L.G.A, Kogi State, North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Success Esomchi Obi ◽  
Sunny Odikpa ◽  
Edegbo Sunday Jeremiah ◽  
Abubakar Yakubu Emeje ◽  
Onuche Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
North Central ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
Water Point ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Access To Water

Famers’- Herders’ conflict has become a widespread occurrence spreading to all parts of Nigeria. The study examined how farmers-herdsmen conflict constitutes a threat to rural development, internal security, and socio-economic development in Nigeria about Omala Local Government Area of Kogi State, North Central Nigeria. The study adopted the qualitative method making use of semi-structured interviews and 100 informants were purposively selected. Findings from the study revealed among others that; Crop damage by cattle, land encroachment without permission, inadequate grazing reserves, lack of access to water points, killing of stray cattle, pollution of the water point, cattle routes blockage, Mbororo migrants, ECOWAS treaty, fertile land of the host community, socio-economic, cultural differences, the political economy of cattle herders were major causes and persistence of farmers-pastoralists conflicts. The study among others recommends that; since farmers-pastoralists conflicts were resource-based conflict due to blockage of cattle route by farmers which eventually leads to encroachment of farmers land and thus translate to open violence and animosity, there is a need for resignification of cattle routes for the pastoralist to have a route to avoid farmlands encroachment, regarding the transit route for irregular migrants through Niger, Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, Chad, Cameroon, it is suggested that the Minister of Interior should initiate dialogue with the neighboring governments on how to address and curb the rising number of migrants transiting border Nations. Based on the study findings, to end this crisis once and for all, there is a need for the consideration of cattle colonies implementation while implementing former recommendations.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Zausaev ◽  
S. A. Pikhanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The article examines the conditions and factors affecting the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East, formulates two fundamental trends that make geostrategic risks keener, and identifies key decisions for the preservation of the Far Eastern territories

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Supply System in Rural Tanahu, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Raj Dhungana ◽  
Basanta Baral
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated

This study aims to analyze the factors associated with willingness to pay for improved water supply system in rural Tanahu, Nepal. For this purpose, one hundred and twenty seven households were proportionately distributed among wards 5, 6, 7 & 8 and selected for data collection. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Chi-square test was used to find the factors associated with willingness to pay for improved water supply system. This study shows that there is no any significant association between willingness to pay for improved water supply system and social, demographic and economic variables. However, water source, dental pain, water quantity, want for change are water fetching time have significant association with willingness to pay for improved water supply system. Cases of Jaundice is significantly associated with willingness to pay for improved water supply system However, there is no significant association between willingness to pay and satisfaction from WUC activities, water purification, diarrhea, dysentery, seasonal flu, and suffering from worm. So, it can be concluded that type of water source, quantity, fetching time, will for change, and prevalence of some disease (Jaundice, Dental Pain) are the major factors influencing willingness to pay for improved water supply system in the study area.apriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 5 (December 2016), Page: 1-13

scholarly journals Role of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in Socio-economic Development in Hoshiarpur District of Punjab

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Neha Wasal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Economic Profile ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
The Village

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) aimed at providing direct employment to the deserving rural people has been in operation for last many years. The present study had conducted to assess the role of NREGA programme with the following specific objectives: (i) To study socio-economic profile of the beneficiaries of NREGA (ii) To assess the contribution of NREGA in socio-economic development of its beneficiaries (iii) To identify the factors of success and failure (iv) To render suitable suggestions for further improvement in the NREGA programme. Research gap of this study was to analyze the profitability of social programmes being initiated by governments. Results showed Socio-economic profile of the respondents that most of the respondents were male, in the middle age group, hailing from Schedule Caste category and were having little education and low income level. The profile of beneficiaries of NREGA programme indicated that the benefits of this programme is going to the deserving people. Rural connectivity (repair of roads etc.), village cleanliness, plantation were the major areas in which the NREGA beneficiaries worked under the supervision of a Mate. The village Sarpanch proved to be the major person who made aware to the beneficiary and helped them to get employment under this programme. On an average beneficiary of NREGA got employment for 15 days in a month. All the beneficiaries of the NREGA programme got prescribed wage i.e. Rs.123 per day which was paid timely to the respondents. 1/5th of the respondents held that dependency on the farmers had reduced after joining NREGA programme and also wage rate had increased in other activities in villages due to the arrival of NREGA programme. 38 per cent of the respondents opined that NREGA activities helped them to remove idleness whereas 25 per cent of respondents felt more social recognized after joining NREGA. Overall the launching of NREGA programme had increased the demand for labour in rural areas. The non beneficiary of NREGA programme did not join the NREGA largely due to social inhibition (not ready to do labour in own village), low wage rate and irregularity of work. Irregular grants and work opportunities, less wage rate were the major constrains experienced by the beneficiaries of NREGA. Regularity in grants, generating adequate employment opportunity may prove more useful for NREGA beneficiary and society at large.

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