scholarly journals Cytological image of the endometrium in cows in follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle and in cows with follicular and luteal ovarian cysts

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Piotr Brodzki ◽  
Adam Brodzki ◽  
Krzysztof Kostro ◽  
Łukasz Kurek ◽  
Jan Marczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Type B ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Type C ◽  
Follicular Cysts

Abstract The experiment was conducted on 30 Holstein-Friesian cows: 10 cows in the follicular phase of the cycle and in the luteal phase 10 d later, 10 cows with follicular cysts, and 10 with luteal cysts. The presence of the ovarian structures was confirmed by ultrasonography. Serum levels of progesterone and 17β-oestradiol were tested with ELISA. Samples for cytological examination were collected from the uterus of all cows using a cytological brush. Following staining, the smears were evaluated in terms of quality and percentages of endometrial cells. In the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle, cells of type A - superficial cells (64.6 ± 4.48) were proportionally the largest group of cells. Cells of type C - basal cells (19.8 ± 2.75) were also present. In the luteal phase, the highest percentage of cells was of type B - intermediate cells (76.9 ± 4.26). When follicular cysts were present on the ovaries, the cytology resembled the follicular phase of the cycle, but with many younger type C cells (33.1 ± 4.11). In the case of luteal cysts on the ovaries, the cytology was similar to that of the luteal phase of the cycle, however with a lower percentage of type B cells (58.1 ± 5.71), and a slightly higher percentage of the other types. The differences in the cytological image of the uterus when different ovarian structures are present, depend on the hormonal activity of those structures. Due to the lack of literature data, the results of the study are important as a model, and may substantially facilitate identification of phases of the oestrus cycle, or the pathologies described, as well as indicate the current status of the endometrium

scholarly journals Endometrial Cytology at Luteal and Follicular Phases of the Ovarian Cycle in Cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Brodzki ◽  
Adam Brodzki ◽  
Łukasz Kurek ◽  
Jan Marczuk ◽  
Marcin R. Tatara
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Ovarian Cycle ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Cytological Changes ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine cytological changes in the uterus in cows during the follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle, as well as to compare two different methods (brush and flushing) used for cytological material collection and to evaluate their usefulness for monitoring of the endometrium. Ovarian cycle phases were confirmed by ultrasound and by the level of sex hormones (17-β-estradiol and progesterone). The following types of cells were identified in the cytological smears: type I - surface cells; type II - intermediate cells; type III - basal cells; polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs); L - lymphocytes. The number of type I and III cells was statistically significantly higher in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase, both in smears prepared using a brush (P<0.001) and by uterine flush (P=0.003). The number of type II cells was statistically significantly higher in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase in both methods (P<0.001). The results of the study show that phases of the ovarian cycle in cows can be identified based on changes in the quality and percentage of different types of endometrial cells in a cytological examination.

scholarly journals Hormones and Auditory Perception: Study of Dichotic Listening in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Carneiro ◽  
Anna Almeida ◽  
Angela Ribas ◽  
Karolina Kluk-De Kort ◽  
Daviany Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Word Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right

Introduction Dichotic listening refers to the ability to hear different sounds presented to each ear simultaneously. Objective The aim of the present study was to assess dichotic listening in women throughout the menstrual cycle. Methods The volunteers who met the eligibility criteria participated in a dichotic listening assessment composed of three tests: 1) staggered spondaic word test; 2) dichotic digits test; and 3) consonant-vowel test. The female participants were tested during two different phases of the menstrual cycle: the follicular (days 11 to 13) and luteal (days 23 to 26) phases. The phases were confirmed by measuring serum levels of the hormone estradiol. Results A total of 20 volunteers aged 18 to 49 years participated in the study (9 females and 11 males). In test 1, only the right ear of females showed better performance during the follicular phase (high estrogen levels), compared with the luteal phase (low estrogen levels); in test 2, there were no significant differences for any of the groups; and in test 3, both males and females showed significantly better performance in their right ear compared with their left ear. Conclusion The better performance of females during the follicular phase of the cycle may indicate that estrogen levels might have an influence on dichotic listening in women.

scholarly journals Histomorphological features of Rabbit Uterine Tube During Estrous Phases

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Samira Abdul-Hussein Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Uterine Tube ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
The Right

Microscopic features of the adult rabbit uterine tube during estrous cycle were studied. Twenty rabbit uterine tube were used. Rabbits were collected from local market. Sections from uterine tube infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus were prepared for histological study. Lengths and widths of various parts were obtained from the right tube. Ampulla formed the longest part, isthmus was narrowest segment and connected to the uterus. The infundibulum was with fimbrae. Epithelial liming was with few types of cells, and were; ciliated; non-ciliated secretory (peg cells) and basal cells were also demonstrated. The type of epithelial cells was pseudostratified epithelium. In the ampullary mucosa, large number of primary branches at the follicular phase was observed. Ciliation was more at the follicular phase than luteal phase. While secretory cells  during follicular was less than that at luteal phase   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.062

Relevant correlation of Galectin-3 with a novel morphological classification system for LAA closure – the end of echocardiographic follow up after occluder implantation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Haertel ◽  
A Hamadanchi ◽  
S Ijuin ◽  
P Lustermann ◽  
K Gruen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Type A ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cardiovascular Tissue ◽  
Device Type ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Type C

Abstract Introduction Echocardiographic detection of residual peri-device leakage (PDL) after percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) remains crucial. Significance of PDL and cardiac tissue remodeling after LAAC are still poorly understood but might have diagnostic implications. This study aims to characterize and verify if a novel echocardiographic classification system to asses the success of LAAC in combination with quantifiable biomarkers of cardiovascular tissue remodeling can help in the prediction of PDL. Methods Patients eligible for LAAC were included. Serum levels of the cardiac remodeling marker Galectin-3 were determined before device implantation (baseline), 45 days (45d) and 6 months (6M) after LAAC using ELISAs. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was carried out to assess success of the LAAC procedure. All echo images were retrospectively evaluated by two independent investigators. Based on the amount of echodensity and luceny inside the devices after LAAC, three types can be distinguished that grade the degree of closure of the LAA. Type A has complete homogenous echodensity in 0, 45, 90 and 135°, indicating completely thrombosed device. Type B shows inhomogeneous echo-lucencies (&lt;50% of device). Type C describes a partially thrombosed device with echo-lucencies &gt;50%. Novel classification according to Hamadanchi, Jena, Germany (Fig. 1). Results We included 44 patients (characteristics listed in Table 1). Complete LAAC (without any residual flow) was achieved in 64% (28 patients) after 45 days and in 80% (35 patients) after 6 months. Mean PDL diameter was 3.5±1.5mm. Type A showed the lowest rate of PDL after 45d (Type A: 22% vs. Type B: 33% vs. Type C: 88%; p=0.007) and after 6M (Type A: 12% vs. Type B: 28% vs. Type C: 100%; p=0.002). Galectin-3 levels did not show a relevant difference regarding the type of AF at baseline (paroxysmal AF: 11.7±5.4 ng/ml vs. permanent AF: 12.1±6.3 ng/ml; p=0.45). We observed a significant increase and distribution of serum levels of Galectin-3 [ng/ml] after 45 days among the three types (Baseline: 13.1±5.8; 45d: 16.3±7.2 (Type A) vs. 19.2±8.6 (Type B) vs. 25.8±9.4 (Type C); p=0.031) followed after 6 months by a drop of Galectin-3 for type A and B toward and below baseline levels (6M: 8.9±3.1 (Type A) vs. 12.4±5.5 (Type B)) whereas type C persisted in showing elevated Galectin-3 levels compared to all other types (6M: 17.5±4.5 (Type C); p&lt;0.001), Fig. 2. Correlation analysis shows a significant negative correlation trend between Galectin-3 and mean PDL diameter (−0.51; p=0.016) after 45 days and a relevant positive correlation after 6 months (0.58; p=0.017). Conclusion After LAAC, Galectin-3 levels are elevated, as a marker of myocardial fibrosis in the LAA. Depending on the degree of closure of the LAA, Galectin-3 decreases to the baseline level or stays elevated in case of relevant PDL and could therefore be considered as a new biomarker for closure success. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

IMMUNOREACTIVE INHIBIN CONCENTRATIONS IN SERUM THROUGHOUT THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE OF THE MACAQUE: SUPPRESSION OF INHIBIN DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE AFTER TREATMENT WITH AN LHRH ANTAGONIST

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. R9-R12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Fraser ◽  
D. M. Robertson ◽  
D. M. De Kretser
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist

ABSTRACT Concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin in serum samples collected daily from six adult stumptailed female macaques during normal menstrual cycles were measured with a heterologous radioimmunoassay. Serum inhibin concentrations were low during the follicular phase of the cycle. After ovulation they began to rise, reaching a plateau between 8 and 11 days, before falling in parallel with the decline in luteal progesterone secretion. The dependence of the inhibin secretion by the corpus lutem on pituitary gonadotrophins was investigated by the administration of an LHRH antagonist [N-Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-pCl-Phe2,D-Trp3,D-hArg(Et2)6,D-Ala10]LHRH once daily for 3 days beginning on day 8 of the luteal phase in six macaques. LHRH antagonist treatment markedly suppressed serum levels of inhibin and progesterone and these remained at the level found in the follicular phase for the remainder of the luteal phase. These results show that inhibin in the macaque is secreted into the peripheral blood almost exclusively during the luteal phase, being highest when FSH is at its nadir. Suppression of serum inhibin concentrations during the luteal phase by LHRH antagonist suggests that its secretion is integrated with the LH control of the corpus luteum.

SHORT-TERM REGULATION OF LH AND FSH SECRETION IN CYCLIC WOMEN

1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Römmler ◽  
S. Baumgarten ◽  
E. Schneller ◽  
U. Schwartz ◽  
J. Hammerstein
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Maximum Increment ◽  
The One ◽  
Lh Rh

ABSTRACT The effects of six consecutive LH-RH injections (25 μg intravenously each) at 90 min intervals on serum gonadotrophin and serum ovarian steroid levels were investigated in cyclic women (n= 13) in the follicular, midcycle and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The maximum response of LH pituitary reaction to repeated LH-RH injections was smallest in the follicular phase, higher in the luteal phase and greatest in the midcycle phase of the menstrual cycle. The maximum response of FSH reaction was small both in the follicular and luteal phase and again greatest in the midcycle phase. The pituitary response pattern after six consecutive LH-RH injections also varied throughout the cycle. On the one hand there was a constant pronounced increase in the response from the first to the second LH-RH injection for both LH and FSH, while the second of all six increments (Δ2) was the maximum increment. On the other hand, for both LH and FSH the responses Δ3 to Δ6 decreased progressively in the luteal phase and showed an even further pronounced decrease in the midcycle phase, indicating an exhaustion of pituitary secretion. In the follicular phase, however, the decrease in the responses Δ3 to Δ6 for LH was small, but significant. For FSH no significant changes between the responses Δ2 to Δ6 were observed. Secondary to the elevated gonadotrophin levels, serum levels of oestradiol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone increased slightly in the follicular phase and distinctly in the luteal phase of the cycle. Possible mechanisms are discussed which might provide an explanation for the observed augmentation and subsequent diminution of pituitary reaction.

EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN YOUNG WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Granulose Cells ◽  
Efficiency Test

Introduction: Menstrual cycle or menstruation involved discharge of sanguinous fluid and a sloughing of uterine wall. In women menstruation occurs at regular intervals on an average of 28 days, although most women gave a history of regular intervals of 28 to 30 days. About 10% -15% of women showed cycle at the precise 28 ± 2 days intervals when menstrual calendar was utilized. Normally in young women in different phases of ovarian cycles the plasma levels of estrogen vary. Ovulation occurs in the first 12-13th day of menstrual cycle, which is termed estrogen surge and second occurs in mid-luteal phase. During mid cycle or follicular phase of menstrual cycle the plasma concentration of progesterone is very low about 0.9 ng/mL. its level starts rising owing to secretion from the granulose cells. During luteal phase progesterone level reaches its peak value of 18 ng/mL and its level fall to a minimum value toward the end of the cycle. Estrogen affects local and systemic vasodilation. The menstrual cycle envelops two fundamental stages, the follicular stage (FP) and the luteal stage (LP). The follicular stage can part advance into two substages; the early FP, which is characterised with moo concentrations of both the key hormones estrogen and progesterone; and the mid FP where estrogen is tall autonomously from progesterone. The LP is epitomized by tall concentration of both estrogen and progesterone. These two fundamental stages are isolated by a soak surge in luteinizing hormone activating ovulation. These recurrent changes are said to be frequency unsurprising while long time. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Cardiorespiratory functions changes during different Phases of Menstrual Cycle.   Material and methods: In this study, 20 with normal weight, 20 with obese and 20 with overage were included and taken them as a sample size. In this study all the young women those were recruited as a sample size are unmarried, undergraduate female student with the between the age group of 18-22years, having regular 28+6 days menstrual cycle for at least last 6months prior to this study. For the collection of data all the participants were instructed to attend the physiology lab department during each of three different phases. Day-2 during menstrual phase, Day-7, during follicular phase and Day-22 during luteal phase and the following parameters were recorded as Anthropometric measurements, measuring of pulse rate and blood pressure and cardiac efficiency test. Result: In general, work out proficiency changed essentially amid the distinctive stages of the menstrual cycle with the most elevated amid luteal stage and least amid menstrualo stage. There was no critical contrast in impact test amid menstrual stage, follicular stage and luteal stage of menstrual cycle among three bunches of people. Conclusion: We have watched noteworthy increment in cardiac and respiratory proficiency within the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle in ordinary weight people. Lower wellness levels were watched in overweight and stout females. In this manner hone of customary work out and admissions of solid slim down which offer assistance in lessening the weight and in turn the BMI will offer assistance in improving the physical wellness of the people. Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, Menstrual cycle, expiratory blast test

EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE PROFILE OF PLASMA STEROIDS IN BABOONS (PAPIO HAMADRYAS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov ◽  
A. G. Taranov ◽  
A. V. Antonichev ◽  
V. M. Gorlushkin ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Plasma Steroids ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT Adult baboons (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to immobilization stress by being strapped to a table in a horizontal position for 2 h. In females the experiment was performed during both the follicular and luteal phase. Peripheral blood was withdrawn at frequent intervals, the first sample just before immobilization, and the last one 3 days later. A number of steroids were measured in blood plasma samples by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, oestrone, oestradiol) or competitive protein binding (cortisol) techniques. The cortisol levels exhibited a marked increase in both sexes. This increase was observed already during the immobilization and lasted for approximately 24 h. A similar, even more pronounced increase was seen in 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and pregnenolone levels. A marked, long-lasting (72 h) decrease of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels was a consistent finding in male baboons. This was not observed in the females which, on the other hand, exhibited a marked decrease (duration 48 h) of progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone levels during the luteal phase, and a significant decrease (duration > 24 h) of oestradiol and oestrone concentrations during the follicular phase. It is concluded that stress has a marked inhibitory action on gonadal function both in male and female baboons. In females the inhibition of steroidogenetic function is exerted both on the ovarian follicles and on the corpus luteum.

Classification of small type B/C follicles as primordial follicles in mature rats

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Meredith ◽  
G Dudenhoeffer ◽  
K Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Type B ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Type C

In the present study, follicles were classified according to the morphology of their granulosa cells. Type B follicles contained only flattened granulosa cells; type B/C follicles had a mixture of flattened and cuboidal granulosa cells in a single layer, and type C follicles had a single layer of cuboidal granulosa cells. The primary objectives of the study were to determine whether 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation into type B/C follicles was a marker for initiation of growth and how long type B/C follicles could remain at the same stage before transformation to type C follicles. Female Holtzman rats received bromo-deoxyuridine for 7 days. After the infusion (day minipumps were removed = day 0), rats were ovariectomized on days 0 (n = 9), 30 (n = 8), 90 (n = 8) and 150 (n = 9). The numbers of type B, B/C and C follicles within one ovary were determined using modified fractionator counting. Analysis over all times demonstrated that there were more (P < 0.0001) type B/C (941 +/- 61 per ovary) than type C (140 +/- 18 per ovary) or type B (159 +/- 19 per ovary) follicles. The numbers of type B and type C follicles did not differ from each other at any time. Only one of 34 rats evaluated had bromo-deoxyuridine-labelled type B follicles. On day 150, 57% of the bromo-deoxyuridine-labelled type B/C follicles remained from day 0. It is concluded that (1) DNA synthesis in granulosa cells of type B/C follicles is not a reliable indicator of impending growth; and (2) type B and type B/C follicles are both components of the pool of primordial follicles.

scholarly journals Influence of Menstrual Cycle Estradiol-β-17 Fluctuations on Energy Substrate Utilization-Oxidation during Aerobic, Endurance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7209
Author(s):  
Hannah N. Willett ◽  
Kristen J. Koltun ◽  
Anthony C. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Fat Utilization

This study examined the effect of estradiol-β-17 across the menstrual cycle (MC) during aerobic exercise on energy substrate utilization and oxidation. Thirty-two eumenorrheic (age = 22.4 ± 3.8 y (mean ± SD)), physically active women participated in two steady-state running sessions at 65% of VO2max, one during the early follicular and one during the luteal phase of the MC. Blood samples were collected at rest before each exercise session and analyzed for Estradiol-β-17 to confirm the MC phase. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization and oxidation values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the luteal (utilization: 51.6 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 1.22 ± 0.56 g/min; effect size (ES) = 0.45, 0.27) than follicular phase (utilization: 58.2 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 1.38 ± 0.60 g/min) exercise sessions. Conversely, fat utilization and oxidation values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the luteal (utilization: 48.4 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 0.49 ± 0.19 g/min; ES = 0.45,0.28) than follicular phase (utilization: 41.8 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 0.41 ± 0.14 g/min). Estradiol-β-17 concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) greater during the luteal (518.5 ± 285.4 pmol/L; ES = 0.75) than follicular phase (243.8 ± 143.2 pmol/L). Results suggest a greater use of fat and reduced amount of CHO usage during the luteal versus follicular phase, directly related to the change in resting estradiol-β-17. Future research should investigate the role these changes may play in female athletic performance.

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