scholarly journals Influence of Technical Condition of Control and Measurement Equipment on Calibration Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kawalec ◽  
Czerwińska Karolina ◽  
Andrzej Pacana
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Measured Quantity ◽  
Measurement Equipment ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Static Calibration ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract In the paper there are analyzed the procedures used in the process of calibrating concerning control and measurement equipment. There was assumed the mathematical model of the measuring instrument which was then analyzed. The factors that result from the imperfect technical condition of the control and measurement equipment and may have an impact on the measurement results were also analyzed. Models of errors’ models were assumed that may affect the calibration results. The static calibration of control and measurement equipment was analyzed. The results of numerical simulations concerning the static calibration of control and measurement equipment were presented, taking into account the linear and non-linear processing functions of the measurement equipment. The results of computations obtained for various models of processing functions were compared with each other and conclusions were drawn regarding the accuracy of the mapping of the measured quantity.

Glycemia monitoring

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Igor Basov ◽  
Donatas Švitra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Physiological System ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Here a system of two non-linear difference-differential equations, which is mathematical model of self-regulation of the sugar level in blood, is investigated. The analysis carried out by qualitative and numerical methods allows us to conclude that the mathematical model explains the functioning of the physiological system "insulin-blood sugar" in both normal and pathological cases, i.e. diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinism.

scholarly journals The Impact of Elongation on Change in Electrical Resistance of Electrically Conductive Yarns Woven into Fabric

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3390
Author(s):  
Željko Knezić ◽  
Željko Penava ◽  
Diana Šimić Penava ◽  
Dubravko Rogale
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Conductive Yarns ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Electrically conductive yarns (ECYs) are gaining increasing applications in woven textile materials, especially in woven sensors suitable for incorporation into clothing. In this paper, the effect of the yarn count of ECYs woven into fabric on values of electrical resistance is analyzed. We also observe how the direction of action of elongation force, considering the position of the woven ECY, effects the change in the electrical resistance of the electrically conductive fabric. The measurements were performed on nine different samples of fabric in a plain weave, into which were woven ECYs with three different yarn counts and three different directions. Relationship curves between values of elongation forces and elongation to break, as well as relationship curves between values of electrical resistance of fabrics with ECYs and elongation, were experimentally obtained. An analytical mathematical model was also established, and analysis was conducted, which determined the models of function of connection between force and elongation, and between electrical resistance and elongation. The connection between the measurement results and the mathematical model was confirmed. The connection between the mathematical model and the experimental results enables the design of ECY properties in woven materials, especially textile force and elongation sensors.

Systems Actuated by Shape Memory Alloys: Identification and Modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Najmeh Keshtkar ◽  
Johannes Mersch ◽  
Konrad Katzer ◽  
Felix Lohse ◽  
Lars Natkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Transfer Equation ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Heat Transfer Equation ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper presents the identification of thermal and mechanical parameters of shape memory alloys by using the heat transfer equation and a constitutive model. The identified parameters are then used to describe the mathematical model of a fiber-elastomer composite embedded with shape memory alloys. To verify the validity of the obtained equations, numerical simulations of the SMA temperature and composite bending are carried out and compared with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Step-by-step control of target efficiency indices of the control and measuring equipment stock applied in construction and housing and communal services

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustam Khayrullin ◽  
Pavel Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Finite Difference Equations ◽  
Target Values ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Step Control ◽  
Different Levels

The mathematical model is considered for the formation and implementation of development strategies of the stock of control and measuring instruments (CMI) applied in construction and housing and communal services(HCS), and step-by-step control of efficiency target values of the stock. The model is based on a system of finite - difference equations describing the change of number of the CMI samples with different levels of technical perfection and technical condition at each planning interval. The model allows calculating the required number of CMI for procurement and repairs in the various groups for provide target values of efficiency indices at each planning interval. Controller is number of modern CMI samples for procurement and number of modern and obsolete faulty CMI samples for the repairs. The results of calculations are presented.

scholarly journals The identification of a device based on a Peltier element by the least squares method

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Vladimir Grinkevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Transport Delay ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The evaluation of the mathematical model parameters of a non-linear object with a transport delay is considered in this paper. A temperature controlled stage based on a Peltier element is an identification object in the paper. Several input signal implementations are applied to the input of the identification object. The least squares method is applied for the calculation of the non-linear differential equitation parameters which describe the identification object. The least squares method is used due to its simplicity and the possibility of identification non-linear objects. The parameters values obtained in the process of identification are provided. The plots of temperature changes in the temperature control system with a controller designed based on the mathematical model of the control object obtained as a result of identification are shown. It is found that the mathematical model obtained in the process of identification may be applied to design controllers for non-linear systems, in particular for a temperature stage based on a Peltier element, and for self-tuning controllers. However, the least square method proposed in the paper cannot estimate the transport delay time. Therefore it is required to evaluate the time delay by temperature transient processes. Dynamic object identification is applied when it is required to obtain a mathematical model structure and evaluate the parameters by an input and output control object signal. Also, identification is applied for auto tuning of controllers. A mathematical model of a control object is required to design the controller which is used to provide the required accuracy and stability of control systems. Peltier elements are applied to design low-power and small- size temperature stage . Hot benches based on a Peltier element can provide the desired temperature above and below ambient temperature.

Establishment of Mathematical Model in Evaluation of Uncertainty in Indication Error Measurement Results

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 428-431
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electrical Measuring ◽  
Electrical Measuring Instrument ◽  
Error Measurement ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Uncertainty In Measurement ◽  
Measurement Result ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Calibration Device

Taking Model DK-52 (Grade 0.05) multi-function three-phase electrical measuring instrument calibration device as an example, the paper describes how to evaluate the uncertainty in measurement result of indication errors in mathematical model.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of supercapacitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Martynyuk ◽  
Oleksander Eromenko ◽  
Juliy Boiko ◽  
Tomasz Kałaczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Frequency Dispersion ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Transient Processes ◽  
Nonlinear Frequency ◽  
Diagnostic Reliability ◽  
General Reliability ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The paper represents the mathematical model for diagnostics of supercapacitors. The research objectives are the problem of determining a supercapacitor technical condition during its operation. The general reliability of diagnostics is described as the methodological and instrumental reliabilities of diagnostics. The instrumental diagnostic reliability of supercapacitor includes the probabilities of errors of the first and second kind, α and β respectively. The methodological approach to increasing the reliability of supercapacitor diagnostic has been proposed, in terms of multi-parameter supercapacitor diagnostic by applying nonlinear, frequency dependent mathematical models of supercapacitors that take into account nonlinearity, frequency dispersion of parameters and the effect of transient processes in supercapacitors. The more frequencies, operating voltages and currents are applied in the supercapacitor diagnostics, the more methodological reliability of diagnostics will increase in relation to the methodological reliability of supercapacitor diagnostics when only one frequency, voltage and current are applied.

Research and Design of a Pre-Stressed Six-Component Force/Torque Sensor Based on the Stewart Platform

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Sheng Zhao ◽  
Yu-Lei Hou ◽  
Zhi-Wei Yan ◽  
Hui-Ling Yuan ◽  
Jin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Screw Theory ◽  
Parallel Architecture ◽  
Stewart Platform ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Static Calibration ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Research And Design ◽  
Component Force

This paper presents the research and design of a novel parallel architecture of pre-stressed six-component force/torque sensor based on the Stewart platform. The mathematical model of the structure was build by using the screw theory. The influence of joint frictional moment on the performances of the sensor is analyzed by using the concept of kinematic influence coefficient. In this paper, we define the indices of force/torque isotropy and generalized amplifying index to evaluate the performances of the sensor and discuss the optimal design of the sensor dimensions considering these indices. The prototype sensor was designed and manufactured. The theoretical and experimental study of the static calibration of the prototype is carried out, and the problem of the hyperstatic is solved perfectly. The results from the static calibration experimentation validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

A Model to Determine the Behaviour of a Pressure Measurement Equipment During Non-Static Operations of Gasturbine Engines

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-U. Lemmer ◽  
J. Hass
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Measuring Transducer ◽  
Pressure Probe ◽  
Measurement Equipment ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Exact Data ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Operating Points

For some time there have existed different approaches and models by various authors to describe the behaviour of gasturbines during the transition between different operating points. A problem that has not been solved satisfactorily so far is the verification of these models with the help of exact data. Quite often one notices that the instruments do not react properly to the processs they are measuring: there is a time lag and the measured values become distorted by the measuring facility. This paper is a contribution to the adjustments on gasturbine engines during non-static operations. A mathematical model has been developed to determine the influence of the different components on the measuring chain, which consist of a pressure measuring transducer with high natural frequency on a semiconductor base, a hose pipe and a pressure probe. This model has been verified by pressure measurements with a calibrating device. The final part is the discussion of the pressure values, which were measured on a gasturbine engine during the transition between different operating points and adjusted with the help of the mathematical model for the measuring chain.

Effects of Powders on the Precision of a Powder Metallurgy Helical Gear

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ta Yu ◽  
Chung-Biau Tsay
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Surface Deviations ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Relationship

This study refers to the conditions of practical powder metallurgy manufacture process, and proceeds to experiments and gear precision measurements as well as investigation on the effects of two parameters, powders and pitch circle radius, on gear precision. The relationship between gear parameters and gear surface deviations was derived from the mathematical model of the involute helical gear and the analysis of gear surface deviations. In accordance with the measurement results of experiments, an ideal correction on the parameters of a forming die is obtained from the computer simulations of gear surface deviations.

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