scholarly journals Contribution of Internationalisation to SME Growth: Evidence from the Kenyan Manufacturing Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
Kulondwa Safari
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Sub-Saharan African countries are among the poorest countries in the world and there is a need to develop their economies. Researchers suggest the promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to foster economic development in countries. Internationalisation has been proved to be a key strategy for SME growth. This study investigates the effect of internationalisation on manufacturing SME growth in Kenya. Kenya is a developing country and the leading economy in the East African community. Using data from the World Bank enterprise survey, a sample of 94 SMEs operating in Kenya between 2013 and 2018 was selected. Multiple linear regression analysis using ordinary least square (OLS) was applied and the results revealed that internationalisation through direct exports contributed positively to the growth of manufacturing SMEs in Kenya. The findings of the study suggest that policy makers should promote internationalisation of SMEs in Kenya to improve the doing business environment in general and remove external barriers to internationalisation of SMEs at the national and international level in particular.

PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING, PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL, GDP PER KAPITA, SEKTOR PERTANIAN, DAN URBANISASI TERHADAP PENDUDUK BEKERJA DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
John Marcell Rumondor
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Per Capita

This research aims to understand the influenceof foreign investment, international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization of the working population. Country used as an object in this research is Indonesia. This research uses the method of analysis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the multiple linear regression analysis method. Research period are from 1997 – 2012. The results showed that the international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization have significantpositive influenceon the population work in Indonesia, but foreign investment has no significanteffect on the working population in Indonesia.

Crowdsourcing Covid-19 signals in sub-Saharan Africa: Leveraging digital contributor networks for participatory surveillance of Covid-19 symptoms and deaths (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngozi A Erondu ◽  
Sagal A Ali ◽  
Mohamed Ali ◽  
Schadrac C Agbla
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan

BACKGROUND In sub-Saharan Africa, underreporting of cases and deaths has been attributed to various factors including, weak disease surveillance, low health-seeking behaviour of flu like symptoms, and stigma of Covid-19. There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spread mimics transmission patterns of other countries across the world. Since the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the way research can be conducted and in light of restrictions on travel and risks to in-person data collection, innovative approaches to collecting data must be considered. Nearly 50% of Africa’s population is a unique mobile subscriber and it is one of the fastest growing smart-phone marketplaces in the world; hence, mobile phone platforms should be considered to monitor Covid-19 trends in the community. OBJECTIVE We demonstrate the use of digital contributor platforms to survey individuals about cases of flu-like symptoms and instances of unexplained deaths in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, and Zimbabwe. METHODS Rapid cross-sectional survey of individuals with severe flu and pneumonia symptoms and unexplained deaths in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia and Zimbabwe RESULTS Using a non-health specific information platform, we found COVID-19 signals in five African countries, specifically: •Across countries, nearly half of the respondents (n=739) knew someone who had severe flu or pneumonia symptoms in recent months. •One in three respondents from Somalia and one in five from Zimbabwe respondents said they knew more than five people recently displaying flu and/or pneumonia symptoms. •In Somalia there were signals that a large number of people might be dying outside of health facilities, specifically in their homes or in IDP or refugee camps. CONCLUSIONS Existing digital contributor platforms with local networks are a non-traditional data source that can provide information from the community to supplement traditional government surveillance systems and academic surveys. We demonstrate that using these distributor networks to for community surveys can provide periodic information on rumours but could also be used to capture local sentiment to inform public health decision-making; for example, these insights could be useful to inform strategies to increase confidence in Covid19 vaccine. As Covid-19 continues to spread somewhat silently across sub-Saharan Africa, regional and national public health entities should consider expanding event-based surveillance sources to include these systems.

PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN, KUALITAS PRODUK DAN KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN AROMANIA PARFUMERY DI KOTA BENGKULU

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Ekowati ◽  
Selamat Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of service quality, product quality and  trust on customer loyalty aromania parfumery Bengkulu. This type of research is a survey research with a quantitative approach, the object of this research is the consumers in Aromania parfumery, which is precisely located on Jl. Kapuas Raya, Lingkar Barat, Kec. Gading Cempaka, Bengkulu City. with the sampling method, namely non-propability technique, namely insidential sampling technique. The number of respondents in this study were 105 people. The data collection method used a questionnaire. By using data analysis techniques using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Test, and Hypothesis Test, namely test t and test f. The results of this study can be concluded that the variable service quality Aromania parfumery has a positive effect on customer loyalty, product quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty, and trust has a positive effect on customer loyalty.Keywords: Service Quality, Product Quality, Customer Trust and Loyalty.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment - Growth Linkage in Sub-Saharan Africa: Is Governance a Mediating Factor?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
Fisayo Fagbemi ◽  
Kehinde Mary Bello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

In sub – Saharan Africa, weak institutions and the rising concern for improved business environment offer considerable leverage for enhancing the effectiveness of institutional framework, capital inflows, and public investment efficiency. These have put SSA in the global spotlight in recent times. Hence, the study examines the mediating effect of governance on FDI – growth nexus in 35 SSA countries between 2002 and 2017 using panel data techniques (Pooled OLS, Fixed Effects, and Panel-Corrected Standard Error’ (PCSE) estimation) and the Dynamic One – Step Difference and System GMM. Results indicate that control of corruption, political stability and regulatory quality, including governance composite index, have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, suggesting that institutions have a salutary impact on SSA economies. The findings further show that FDI inflows adversely influence growth owing to insufficient absorptive capacity that could enhance FDI effectiveness in the region. More importantly, the pervasiveness of poor governance in SSA is identified as a critical case that undermines the development of the nexus between FDI and economic growth. Thus, the study suggests that FDI – growth linkage would be enhanced by promoting a strong institutional environment that offers a good mechanism for attaining the actual FDI spillover potential through a policy framework that points the path towards cost-effective measures in SSA. Also, there should be core investment policies across African countries that would induce the private sector in consolidating government efforts and resources aimed at improving international competitiveness by diversifying the region’s economies away from a protracted commodity – based.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, JUMLAH JAM KERJA, UMUR TERHADAP UPAH TENAGA KERJA DISABILITAS DI SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Salwa Nabila Putri ◽  
Ariusni Ariusni
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Disabled Workers ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Research Show

This study aims to find out determine of wages for disabled workers in Sumatera Barat. This research use cross section with 481 samples. The variables used are wage for disabled workers,education, number of hours worked, age, work experience, type of work. This research’s methods used Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Multiple linear regression analysis. This research show education, number of work, work experience  had significanlly positive effect on wage for disabled workers in Sumatera Barat. Type of work has significanlly negative effect on wage for disabled worker, age had nonsignificanly positive effect on wage for disabled.

scholarly journals Individual, community and societal correlates of insecticide treated net use among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-level analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Maternal And Newborn Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Malaria in pregnancy is a crucial public health concern due to the enormous risk it poses to maternal and newborn health. The World Health Organisation therefore recommends insecticide-treated net (ITN) for pregnant women. The world over, sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest prevalence of malaria and its associated complications. This study investigated the individual, community and society level factors associated with ITN use among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods The study was conducted with Demographic and Health Survey data of 21 sub-Saharan African countries. A total of 17,731 pregnant women who possessed ITN participated in the study. Descriptive computation of ITN use by survey country and socio-demographic characteristics was conducted. Further, five multi-level binary logistic regression models were fitted with MLwiN 3.05 package in STATA. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation procedure was used in estimating the parameters whilst the Bayesian Deviance Information Criterion was used for the model fitness test. Results On average, 74.2% pregnant women in SSA used ITN. The highest prevalence of ITN use occurred in Mali (83.7%) whilst the least usage occurred in Namibia (7%). Women aged 30–34 were more likely to use ITN compared with those aged 45–49 [aOR = 1.14; Crl = 1.07–1.50]. Poorest women were less probable to use ITN relative to richest women [aOR = 0.79; Crl = 0.70–0.89]. Compared to women who did not want their pregnancies at all, women who wanted their pregnancies [aOR = 1.06; Crl = 1.04–1.19] were more probable to use ITN. Women in male-headed households had higher likelihood of ITN use compared to those from female-headed households [aOR = 1.28; Crl = 1.19–1.39]. On the whole, 38.1% variation in ITN use was attributable to societal level factors whilst 20.9% variation was attributable to community level factors. Conclusion The study has revealed that in addition to individual level factors, community and society level factors affect ITN use in SSA. In as much as the study points towards the need to incorporate community and societal variations in ITN interventions, active involvement of men can yield better outcome for ITN utilisation interventions in SSA.

scholarly journals BARRIERS OF SMES’ SUSTAINABILITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A PLS-SEM APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Abdul Bashiru Jibril ◽  
Bayuasi Nammei Luki ◽  
Michael Amponsah Odei ◽  
Charles Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Sub Saharan

Undoubtedly, entrepreneurial knowledge is a prerequisite for the survival of every business organization. To this, the contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the socio-economic development in most developing economies cannot be underestimated. Both developed and developing countries are living testimonies of their contributions to their nation’s growth and development. However, extant literature shows that as competition and innovation intensify in the global business market, many SMEs in developing countries are constrained by external forces that hinder the sustainability of these businesses.   Hence, this paper aims to find out the mitigating factors warranting SMEs’ sustainability from the viewpoint of entrepreneurs and business owners, particularly in the manufacturing sector of Ghana, a Sub-Saharan Africa region. To achieved this objective, the study deployed a simple random sampling technique with 370 valid responses through a structured questionnaire for the analysis. Relying on PLS-SEM (partial least square and structural modeling) with the aid of ADANCO 2.2.1 software version revealed that factors such as financial challenges, technology; market penetration & acceptability; and research & development are barriers facing SMEs sustainability in the Ghanaian manufacturing sector. This study would be beneficial to entrepreneurs and business owners of SMEs in most developing countries and provide deeper insight into the SME literature at large. This study would further strengthen SME entrepreneurs and business owners to fully devise strategies that can help them to override such migrating challenges and equipped them to effectively stay competitive in the long term for the firm’s growth and survival. The limitation and future research directions are equally presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Analysis of Labor Absorption (Study in Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Nelvia Iryani ◽  
Syaiful Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Labor is a very important asset in economic activities, but often the number of workers exceeds the available employment capacity, so it is very necessary to analyze the factors that affect employment. This study aims to estimate the relationship between wage, capital, production value to the amount of employment in Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota This type of research is field research and use questioner to 100 respondens . The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method and data processing using SPSS VR.21 software. The results of the study show that  all independent variabels has a  significant effect on labor absorption in Kerupuk Sanjai SMEs in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota. capital is the variable that has the most influence in the absorption of labor in the Kerupuk Sanjai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota.

Heritage Management in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman O. Kiriama
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Bloc

The countries of Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and South Sudan geographically lie on the eastern part of the African continent and are member states of the East African Community (EAC), a regional economic bloc. These countries, as many other countries in the world, have important heritage places that are significant to their communities. As a result, these countries have developed various methods of managing this heritage. Heritage management should be understood as caring for a heritage site without compromising its significance so that present and future generations can continue enjoying it. Consequently, countries around the world have put in place various legal regimes that enable them to manage and protect their heritage. Though the East African countries listed belong to the same geographical region and economic bloc, they had differing colonial experiences and, therefore, their legislation regimes, including that governing heritage, may not be exactly the same. Kenya and Uganda, for instance, were British colonies, whereas Tanzania started as a Germany colony but later ended up as a British Protectorate. Rwanda and Burundi also started as Germany colonies but ended up as Belgian colonies. South Sudan, once part of the larger Republic of Sudan, was a British colony. Common to all these countries, however, is the fact that the colonial management system laid more emphasis on the protection of tangible as opposed to intangible heritage, and it also ignored and in most cases destroyed the indigenous management systems that local communities had hitherto used to manage their heritage. Despite gaining their independence from the colonial governments in the early 1960s, these countries, have however, apart from Rwanda, continued to use the inherited colonial legal systems. It is now widely accepted within heritage management circles that unless indigenous heritage management systems are embraced, the local communities tend to feel alienated from their heritage and thus in most cases tend to disregard, ignore, or in some cases destroy the heritage site as it no longer belongs to them but to the state; the end result is that pressure is put on the heritage as the national government institutions do not have adequate financial and human capacity to manage all the heritage resources in their jurisdiction.

Conceiving of Contraception: World Society, Cultural Resistance, and Contraceptive Use, 1970–2012

Social Forces ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade M Cole ◽  
Claudia Geist
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
World Society ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Cultural Effects ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Taking world society theory as our point of departure, we examine the effect of world culture on contraceptive use rates around the world. World-cultural rhetoric frames contraception as a necessity for economic development, a human rights issue, and a women’s health matter. Using data on contraceptive use among married women for a sample of 159 countries over the period from 1970 to 2012, we find that linkages to all three sets of discourses are associated with increased use of modern contraceptive methods, over and above countries’ sociocultural and economic characteristics. Nevertheless, we also find that world society influences vary across major cultural zones, defined in terms of predominant religions and geographic regions. World cultural effects are strongest in Orthodox Christian, Hindu, non-Western Protestant, and sub-Saharan African countries. There is no effect in Western and East Asian countries, where contraceptive use is comparatively high, or in zones such as non-Western Catholic nations, where the unmet need for contraception is often greatest. Compared to development and women’s rights rhetoric, health-based frames appear to have the broadest and most effective reach across cultural divides. Overall, however, we find that world society processes tend to produce cross-cultural convergence in contraceptive use rates.

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