scholarly journals Тhe Impact of Economic Reforms on Poverty in the Republic of Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-305
Author(s):  
Nevena Veselinović ◽  
Ivan Mišić ◽  
Petar Veselinović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to identify the key determinants of poverty in the Republic of Serbia. The secondary goal is to show that poverty can be reduced if the classic concept of treating poverty is abandoned and the concept of social exclusion accepted, the benefits of which are to look at causes and provide a basis for preventing the problem of poverty, rather than just attempting to remedy the consequences. In the paper, statistical-econometric models are applied which correspond to the defined goal of the empirical research, but also to the selected variables. Part of the data analysis was carried out on data collected through the Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). It is an instrument that is among the most relevant when it comes to monitoring poverty, inequality, social inclusion and living standards. The contribution of work is reflected in the development of the poverty research in the Republic of Serbia with the aim of complementing the scientific knowledge fund on the implementation of state measures and instruments in the context of stimulating economic growth and increasing the living standard of the population.

scholarly journals The impact of public expenditures on economic growth of the Republic of North Macedonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 249-258
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Nikoloski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact

Ensuring high and sustainable economic growth is one of the main tasks of public spending policy. In fact, public expenditure plays an important role in the formation of physical and human capital over time. If are properly targeted, they can stimulate economic growth even in the short term, when limited infrastructure of (unskilled) workforce is a barrier to increased production. Therefore, the realized impact of public expenditures on economic growth can be considered as an indicator of their effectiveness. The goal of public expenditure is to increase economic growth by providing more employment opportunities, increasing people's income and living standards. Therefore, if they are well-managed, they can lead to the desired level of economic growth and improvement of the living standard of the population.

scholarly journals FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AS DEVELOPMENT FACTOR FOR OVERCOMING ECONOMIC STAGNATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Petrusheva ◽  
Aleksandar Nikolovski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Economic Stagnation ◽  
The Republic

Amongst economists there is a broad consensus that in order to overcome economic stagnation the economic growth model should be more directed towards increasing investments and export and less reliant on consumption. The stable commitment towards improving the business ambient, the implementation of structural reforms in the field of competitiveness, the export sector as well as investments in infrastructure and education are the fundamental prerequisites to be realized for the opening of perspectives in the overall social development of the countries in the Western Balkans, including the Republic of Macedonia. The dominant driving force of economic growth – investments (foreign and domestic) have not been sufficiently implemented so that structural economic problems such as the low GDP growth rate, unsatisfactory export, unfavourable industrial structure have been present during the entire periodsince the independence of the Republic of Macedonia. Unlike other countries in Middle and Eastern Europe such as Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia in which foreign capital was steered towards manufacturing higher added value products, in the Republic of Macedonia investment entered mainly the trade and the banking industry, and quite less in manufacturing.Lacking own significant capacities for considerable increase of the gross-investment rate, assets sources for investments must be found in foreign accumulation, particularly via foreign direct investments so as not to increase the degree indebting the country. The global economic and financial crisis which spread over Europe in the last years has motivated the countries in the Western Balkans, including the Republic of Macedonia, to engage into a more active and more aggressive attraction of foreign capital. Foreign direct investments are considered the highest economic priority for long-term development, whereas the benefits to the national economy are multiple and influence the reduction of unemployment, increase of export, inflow of new technology, knowledge and skills, as well as improvement of the population’s living standard. However, despite the commitment, reforms and activities undertaken to attract FDI, the countries of the Western Balkans are facing remarks from investors for having an insufficiently reformed judicial system, bureaucratic issues, inefficient public administration and corruption. Therefore, it is essential to work continually on improving the macroeconomic environment and implement a long-term strategy to attract FDI through active policies.

Economic Growth, Income Distribution, and Social Exclusion in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-299
Author(s):  
Anıl Duman ◽  
Alper Duman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Cycles ◽  
Institutional Convergence ◽  
Distribution Of Income

This chapter examines the degree of income and institutional convergence between Turkey and European Union (EU) as well as trends in inequality and poverty by taking a long-term perspective as changes in polices an institutions impact on economic and social outcomes, often with considerable lags. The authors’ findings reveal that Turkey has successfully transformed its inward-looking and largely agricultural economy in the past 35 years into an export-oriented and urban-based economy. The transformation has been achieved mostly in periods of dramatic reform embedded in business and political cycles. Nevertheless, in the most recent era, there have been significant setbacks for certain groups in terms of regulatory environment, equality of opportunity, and access to markets and resources. Although there has been progress in the overall distribution of income and other aspects of social inclusion, convergence to EU standards is not easy to observe in these indicators.

scholarly journals Living standards in North Ossetia-Alania through the prism of economic processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Vitaly Dobronosov ◽  
Delyara Tebieva ◽  
Lyubov’ Kebalova
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
North Ossetia

AbstractThe paper reflects the dynamics of changes in standard of living in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania during the post-Soviet period.BackgroundThe more than twenty years that have passed since perestroika failed to lead to the expected positive shifts in economy in RNO-Alania. In ratings of regions by population living standards, the republic was consistently among the last places.AimTo show the discrepancy between the modern level of economic development and the standard of life in the RNO-Alania.MethodThe work uses comparative analysis of indicators of living standard and indicators reflecting the structural and dynamic characteristics of economic processes.ResultsOfficial statistics show growth in almost all socio-economic indicators in RNO-Alania. This apparent increase in living standards does not correspond to the low ranking of RNO-Alania, which is consistently in the bottom ten of the rating of Russian regions. The analysis of other indicators determining the population's quality of life, such as: the ecological condition of the territory, the developmental level of health and education institutions, life expectancy, and availability of transport, information and communication networks all correlated weakly with the real socio-economic situation in the region. The study of the republic's districts showed a high unemployment rate due to the lack of industrial and agricultural production, the underdevelopment of small and medium-sized businesses, and low wages. There is an outflow of working-age population to the city of Vladikavkaz and from the districts to outside the republic.ConclusionsThe deficit in the republic's budget persisted during the research period, despite the apparent growth in the gross product and revenue part of the budget, but the volume of expenditures is growing at a faster rate. The main reason for this is the sharp decline in industrial production, and the influence of loss-making enterprises that do not generate income in the budget. Living standards are rising only thanks to grants from the federal centre.RecommendationIn order to remove the republic from its depressed state it is necessary to increase the fixed capital, to control the process of effective use of the available production capacities, and to invest in a recreational industry that uses natural resources and does not require significant investment.

Poverty and deprivation of immigrants vs. natives in Italy

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 630-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Berti ◽  
Antonella D’Agostino ◽  
Achille Lemmi ◽  
Laura Neri
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Purpose – Italy has become a migrant receiving country and it has to face with the problem of social inclusion of immigrants. The purpose of this paper is to measure the gap on poverty and deprivation between immigrants and natives since manifest conditions of both of them are an important signal, although not exclusively, of social exclusion. Design/methodology/approach – Poverty analysis typically relies on a single monetary variable such as income and it is characterized by a simple dichotomization of the population into poor and non-poor. In this paper the authors stress the importance of using a multidimensional and fuzzy approach in order to study disparities between immigrants and natives. The authors cover several of the multifaceted aspects of resources necessary to maintain adequate living standards in a developed country. With the fuzzy methodology, the authors also overcome any limitation of the conventional approach based on the simple dichotomization of the phenomenon. Findings – The empirical analysis is based on data from two official surveys. The authors find that between Italian and immigrant households there are significant differences in poverty and deprivation levels, with a strong disadvantage for the latter. The authors argue that any serious attempt to reduce poverty and deprivation must now include comprehensive reforms in the nation's immigration policies if they are to be taken seriously. Originality/value – The paper makes an original contribution to the understanding of inequality between immigrants and natives, by studying a complex phenomena such as poverty and deprivation in a multidimensional perspective using a fuzzy approach.

scholarly journals Approaches to Measurement of Well-being: Case of the Republic of Moldova

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gutium ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Republic

The development strategy of a modern state is oriented towards ensuring economic growth, increasing the well-being of citizens and reducing the level of poverty. The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on national economies, including the economy of the Republic of Moldova. That is why, the assessment of well-being, identify impact factors, the elaboration of recommendations for increasing well-being become current. Contemporary approaches to quantifying well-being focus on both the economic and social spheres. In this study are identified the weaknesses and strengths of the well-being indices, the dynamics of two composite welfare indices have been analyzed. In the research process, the influence of different factors was identified and their influence on the well-being of citizens and living standards was estimated. Applying the method of correlation and regression analysis, and using the software Eviews 9 were developed two multifactorial linear regression models: a model of the well-being and a model of living standard of population of the Republic of Moldova. Based on the analysis of the pillars of the Legatum Prosperity Index and the components of the Social Progress Index, priority sectors were identified, such as: health care, education, economic quality, enterprise conditions, environmental quality. At present, it is necessary to promote strategies to ensure sustainable economic growth, which will inevitably lead to an increase in the well-being of the local population.

scholarly journals Exports as a trigger of economic growth of the Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Jelena Ignjatović ◽  
Jovana Kisin ◽  
Mileta Brajković
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
Thematic Units ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

In recent years, Serbian exports, accompanied by the inflow of foreign direct investment, have improved significantly, resulting in stronger economic growth. However, despite the positive predictions of the European Commission for further growth of exports and the increase of economic growth in Serbia, our economy is facing serious consequences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which is affecting the whole world. The paper aims at presenting the current macroeconomic picture of the Republic of Serbia through the analysis of import and export policy, the volume of foreign trade and their impact on economic growth. In relation to the set goals, the paper is divided into four thematic units, with conclusions and possible recommendations at the end. Special emphasis was placed on exports, its development opportunities and improving competitiveness, as well as the presentation of recommendations within the Serbia's New Growth Agenda. The subject of this paper is based on theoretical data analysis, through descriptive and comparative methods as well as the synthesis of theoretical and empirical facts. For this research the primary empirical data were collected from various relevant sources.

The 1978 economic reforms of China and its impact on economic growth - A time series data analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1511-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aganda Anaba Oswin ◽  
Zhiqiang Ma ◽  
Mingxing Li ◽  
Adjei Mensah Isaac ◽  
Emmanuel Caesar Ayamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Time Series Data Analysis

scholarly journals Innovative Factors of Sustainable Development of Regions of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Tatyana Sokira ◽  
Zhanat Belgibayeva ◽  
Almazhan Dzhulaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One

The article discusses the formation of a rating as a strategic planning tool in order to develop a set of measures to overcome regional inequality, equalize the levels of social-and-economic development and living standards of the population of the regions of Kazakhstan. Based on the data of the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, indicators of region innovative developments of Kazakhstan were analyzed and calculated. The factors of the level of innovative activity are revealed. Based on them, groups of regions with a high, medium, below average and very low innovative development level were identified. There is a close relationship between the innovative development level and the rate of economic growth. On the one hand, the dynamics of economic growth requires innovation. On the other hand, innovation is the basis for increasing the competitiveness of the country and regions.

scholarly journals PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS FOR ACTIVATING POINTS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
E. N. Voronko ◽  
E. A. Kostuchenko ◽  
T. N. Serada
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The purpose of the research in this article is to substantiate the development of small businesses, clusters, public-private partnerships as the main directions for enhancing activities and developing points of economic growth in the Republic of Belarus. The article uses analytical, economic, statistical methods of data analysis, conceptual and empirical research. The article provides evidence that small business actively participates in the formation of the main economic indicators of the development of the Republic of Belarus, identifies the key problems of the development of small business in the republic and the directions for their solution; the characteristics of the cluster as a driver of economic growth are given, attention is paid to the main goals and objectives, as well as the results of the functioning of the cluster, the use of cluster structures as one of the forms of creating the growth poles of the economy of the Republic of Belarus is substantiated; the legal aspects of the application of the mechanism of public-private partnership are considered, its forms in relation to the sphere of higher education are determined, the advantages for the parties participating in the partnership are highlighted, directions of its use for solving the problems of socio-economic development are proposed.

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