scholarly journals Influences of girdling and potassium treatments on fruit quality and some physiological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Ülker ◽  
Müge Uysal Kamiloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
N Concentration

Abstract Growing citrus involves cultural treatments such as girdling and foliar potassium treatment to increase fruit size, yield and quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of single and double stem girdling, potassium nitrate (KNO3) treatment on leaves and combinations of these treatments on the fruit yield, size and quality characteristics, leaf chlorophyll concentration and leaf nitrogen content, leaf fluorescence (PSII) and leaf sugar content of the ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety. Girdling treatments were applied on the stem by removing 4 mm wide ring of bark at the end of anthesis and after the June fruit drop. Foliar KNO3 applications were applied at a concentration of 4% twice (90 days and 120 days after full anthesis) in the experiment. The single girdling (SG) and double girdling (DG) treatments on stems increased fruit yield (kg · tree−1) by approximately 40% relative to the control (C). Treatments did not significantly affect the internal fruit quality of the ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety except in fruit colour and appearance. The highest impact on fruit size was found in the DG + KNO3 treatment. According to treatments and periods, the SPAD values varied between 62.08 and 70.67, whereas the PSII values varied between 0.698 and 0.756. The treatments significantly increased the leaf nitrogen (N) concentration and the fructose, glucose and sucrose concentrations relative to the control. The highest N concentration content was detected in the foliar potassium treatment, and the highest total sugar content was detected in the SG treatment.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Requirements of Drip-irrigated Peppers

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Hartz ◽  
M. LeStrange ◽  
D.M. May
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Fertility Treatments ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Leaf N Concentration ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

The response of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to five rates of N fertigation between 0 and 336 kg N/ha was studied at two drip-irrigated sites [Univ. of California, Davis (UCD) and West Side Field Station, Five Points (WSFS)] in California in 1992. Nitrogen application, in the form of a urea: ammonium nitrate mixture (UN-32), was applied in eight (WSFS) or 10 (UCD) equal weekly increments, beginning after transplant establishment. At both sites, fruit yield and mean fruit size peaked at 252 kg N/ha, with additional N retarding crop productivity. Maximum fruit yield was obtained by fertility treatments that maintained petiole NO3-N concentration >5000 μg·g-1 through the early fruit bulking period. Two techniques for monitoring crop N status, designed for field use, were evaluated. There was a close relationship between the NO3-N concentration of fresh petiole extracts, as measured by a portable, battery-operated nitrate selective electrode, and dry tissue analyzed by conventional laboratory technique (r2 = 0.89). Relative chlorophyll concentration, measured nondestructively by a dual-wavelength leaf absorbance meter, was poorly correlated with whole-leaf N concentration (r2 = 0.55). However, the ratio of such chlorophyll readings for a treatment compared to an in-field reference of known N sufficiency (252 kg·ha-1 treatment) showed promise as a technique for identifying N deficiency.

scholarly journals (318) Influence of Orchard Site Parameters and Fruit Distribution within Canopy on Fruit Quality of `Fuji' Apple

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027E-1027
Author(s):  
Zlatko Cmelik ◽  
Stanislav Tojnko
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Fuji Apple

Canopies of `Fuji' apple trees, grafted on M.9 rootstock, planted in 1998 on two orchard sites at 2.8 × 0.7 m and trained as super spindles, were subdivided in Spring 2003 into upper and lower parts. In each part, the number of fruits, yield per tree, external (fruit size classes, and fruit coloring), and internal (total sugar content, titratable acid content, and flesh firmness) fruit quality attributes were determined. The orchard site parameters affected growth, yield, and fruit quality in different ways. The less suitable orchard site had less growth, lower yield per tree, and a lower percentage of first class fruits, but most fruits had good color (86% in top and 75% in lower part of canopy). The favorable orchard site produced higher growth and yield, and a higher percentage of first class fruits, but fruits had poorer color. In the lower part of the canopy, fruits were of a good size, but had poor color. Fruits of the best quality were obtained from the top part of the tree.

scholarly journals Analysis of pomological traits in new promising sweet cherry genotypes

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic ◽  
Tihomir Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
Chemical Content

Sweet cherry breeding programs are interested in developing new cultivars that are very early or very late in ripening, high yielding, with excellent fruit size and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate new, promising, sweet cherry genotypes (G-1 and G-2) for ripening time, fruit morphology and fruit chemical content, and compare it with the standard sweet cherry cultivars (Bigarreau Jaboulay, B. H. Burlat, Seneca, Hedelfiger Riesenkirsche, Germersdorfer Grosse Kirsche, Emperor Francis and Bing). Experiment was done during four consecutive years (2006-2009) in Grocka, near Belgrade. The earliest fruit ripening was recorded in G-2 (22nd April) while the latest in `Bing` (2nd June). Fruit weight varied from 5.83 g (G-2) up to 8.93 g (G-1). Soluble solid content and total sugar content were the lowest in genotype G-2 (10.48%; 8.45%, respectively) but the highest in Emperor Francis (18.28%; 15.98%, respectively). No matter the fact that some standard cultivars showed better results for some traits, genotypes G-1 and G-2 are considered very promising. So, genotype G-1 could be intended for table consumption since it ripens 2-3 days after cv. B. H. Burlat, but have much higher fruit weight. Also, genotype G-2, the earliest in this trial, showed satisfactory fruit weight for this ripening time, which makes it very interesting for fresh market production.

scholarly journals Effect of N, P, K, and Mg application on yield and fruit Quality of mandarin (Citrus reticulata)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-433
Author(s):  
Shamima Nasreen ◽  
R Ahmed ◽  
MA Ullah ◽  
MA Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Piedmont Plain ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The study was carried out at the farmer's field of Juri Upazilla, Maulavibazar District during 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012 to find out the proper combination of fertilizer nutrients that promotes better fruit yield and quality of mandarin (cv. Khashi Kamla). The treatments were Native nutrient i.e., control (TI), N150P50K150Mg30 (T2), N200P75K175Mg40 (T3), N250P100 K200Mg50 (T4), N300P125K225Mg60 (T5), and N200P75K175Mg0 (T6) g/plant/year. In addition, 20 kg cowdung/plant was used as blanket dose. Yield components, yield, and TSS content (%) of mandarin varied significantly due to variation of nutrients in all the test years. Fruit yield/plant was improved significantly with increase in NPK and Mg dose irrespective of years. Application of Mg in combination with NPK increased 17-157% mean fruit yield over magnesium control. Significantly the highest yield and yield attributes were recorded under treatment N300 P125 K225 Mg60 g/plant (T5) along with 20 kg cowdung/plant in all the years. Total soluble sugar (%) content was also maximum in trees receiving N300P125K225Mg30 g/plant. The highest gross margin and marginal rate of return were achieved by the same treatment (T5). The lowest fruit yield/plant was obtained from untreated control plot (native nutrient). Three years’ study revealed that application of N300P125K225Mg60 along with 20 kg cowdung/plant would be economically optimum for achieving higher yield and better fruit quality in mandarin grown under piedmont plain soil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16969 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 425-433, September 2013

INFLUENCES OF LATENT VIRUSES ON VIGOR, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BRITISH SOVEREIGN STRAWBERRIES

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A. Freeman ◽  
Frances C. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Reduce Sugar Content ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Reduce Sugar ◽  
The Hill

Comparison of the effect of two strains of mottle virus, two strains of veinbanding virus, and latent-A virus, alone and in combination, on vigor, yield and quality of British Sovereign strawberry plants grown under two planting systems showed: 1. Vigor was reduced by infection by a single virus and still further reduced by two viruses; 2. Yield was reduced by virus infection, especially during the first fruiting year when plants were grown under the hill system; 3. Fruit size was reduced only by virus combinations; 4. Fruit quality was affected only by veinbanding, which increased the total acid content and tended to reduce sugar content.

scholarly journals Effect of gibberellic acid and urea on the growth of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Le Van Ut ◽  
Vo Thi Bach Mai
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Pineapple Fruit

Effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) and urea on Queen pineapples (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) growth in the field were discussed in this study. Pineapples were sprayed with GA3 (at the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg.L-1) or urea (at the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 g.L-1) on day 0 and day 3 at the beginning of growth period (50% dried flowers). Fruits were sampled every 15 days from day 0 to day 75 for assessment on fruit weight, fruit size, and fruit quality. Besides, fruits (which were sprayed with GA3 at the concentration of 40 mg.L-1 or urea at the concentration of 15 g.L-1) were sampled on the 15th day from the day which processed to determine the size of cells. The results showed that the treatments with four highest concentration of GA3 (40, 60, 80 and 100 mg.L-1) or urea (15, 20, 25 and 30 g.L-1) significantly increased fruit weights and fruit sizes. In addition, the treatments of GA3 in high concentration (40 - 100 mg.L-1) stimulated the increase of sugar content and vitamin C content in the fruit flesh compared to the control. The treatments of urea at different concentrations did not alter the fruit quality index. Exogenous GA3 at the concentration of 40 mg.L-1 or urea at the concentration of 15 g.L-1 stimulated the increase of fruit weight without decreasing the fruit quality. In which, exogenous GA3 at concentration 40 mg.L-1 increased the fruit weight by enlarging flesh cell.  

scholarly journals Nitrogen Nutrition of Greenhouse Pepper. I. Effects of Nitrogen Concentration and NO3: NH4 Ratio on Yield, Fruit Shape, and the Incidence of Blossom-end Rot in Relation to Plant Mineral Composition

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1244-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bar-Tal ◽  
B. Aloni ◽  
L. Karni ◽  
J. Oserovitz ◽  
A. Hazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Total N ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Blossom End Rot

Blossom-end rot (BER) is one of the major physiological disorders of green-house bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The objective of the present work was to study the effects of the solution N concentration and N-NO3: N-NH4 ratio on fruit yield and the incidence of BER and other fruit-quality traits of greenhouse-grown bell pepper in a Mediterranean climate. Three experiments were conducted: Expt. 1 included five total N concentrations (0.25 to 14 mmol·L-1, with a constant N-NO3: N-NH4 ratio of 4); Expt. 2 included five treatments of different NO3: NH4 molar ratios (0.25 to 4, with a constant N concentration of 7 mmol·L-1); and Expt. 3 included three treatments of different NO3: NH4 molar ratios (1.0, 3.0 and 9.0, with a constant N concentration of 7 mmol·L-1). Plants were grown in an aero-hydroponics system in Expts. 1 and 2 and in tuff medium in Expt. 3, in greenhouses in Israel. The optimal values of N concentration for total fruit yield and for high fruit quality (marketable) were 9.3 and 8.3 mmol·L-1, respectively. The total and high-quality fruit yields both increased with increasing N-NO3: N-NH4 ratio in the range studied. The total and high-quality fruit yields both decreased sharply as the NH4 concentration in the solution increased above 2 mmol·L-1. The increase in the NH4 concentration in the solution is the main cause of the suppression of Ca concentration in the leaves and fruits and the increased incidence of BER. The occurrence of flat fruits also increased with increasing NH4 concentration in the solution.

Ammonium thiosulfate and 6-benzyladenine improve the crop load and fruit quality of 'Delicious' apples

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Bound ◽  
S. J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Ammonium Thiosulfate

Four trials were conducted over 3 years to assess the effect of ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) as a blossom thinner of ‘Delicious’ apple trees. In addition to determining the optimal concentration of ATS and the effectiveness of multiple applications, the effect on fruit quality was assessed. A program using ATS at bloom and 6-benzyladenine (BA) applied postbloom was examined. Multiple applications of ATS reduced crop load more than a single application. A concentration of 1.0% (v/v, 5800 mg/L) applied twice during the flowering period is recommended, with the first application at 20% bloom and the second at 80% bloom. Fruit firmness and sugar content were increased by ATS, and a positive relationship between fruit weight and sugar content and between fruit weight and firmness was demonstrated. ATS can also be effectively combined in a program with BA with the added benefits of increases in fruit size, firmness and sugar content; however, caution is advised to prevent over-thinning.

scholarly journals Cropload Affects Fruit Quality of Honeycrisp Apple

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 841D-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence L. Robinson* ◽  
Christopher B. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Return Bloom ◽  
Storage Disorders

In 2001 and 2002, we imposed a wide range of croploads (0-15 fruits/cm2 of TCA) on 4- and 5-year-old Honeycrisp/M.9 trees by manual hand thinning soon after bloom to define appropriate croploads that give adequate repeat bloom and also the best fruit quality. At harvest each year we evaluated fruit ripening and quality. Samples were stored for 5 months in air at 38 °F and 33 °F and evaluated for fruit firmness and storage disorders. Cropload was negatively correlated with tree growth, return bloom, fruit size, fruit red color, fruit sugar content, fruit starch content, fruit firmness, fruit acidity, fruit bitter pit, fruit senescent breakdown, fruit rot and fruit superficial scald, but was positively correlated with leaf blotch symptoms, fruit internal ethylene concentration at harvest, and fruit soggy breakdown. There was a strong effect of cropload on fruit size up to a cropload 7, beyond which there was only a small additional effect. Although there was considerable variation in return bloom, a relatively low cropload was required to obtain adequate return bloom. Fruit red color was reduced only slightly up to a cropload of 8 beyond which it was reduced dramatically. The reduced fruit color and sugar content at high croploads could indicate a delay in maturity of but, fruits from high croploads were also softer, had less starch and greater internal ethylene. It that excessive croploads advance maturity. Overall, croploads greater than 10 resulted in no bloom the next year, and poor fruit size, color and flavor, but these fruits tended to have the least storage disorders. Moderate croploads (7-8) resulted in disappointing return bloom and mediocre fruit quality. For optimum quality and annual cropping, relatively low croploads of 4-5 were necessary.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Relationship between Leaf Nitrogen Content and Growth Dynamics and Yield of Muskmelon Grown in Plastic Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Yang ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Weihong Luo ◽  
Lili Chen ◽  
Shaopeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Area Index

The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the impacts of nitrogen on growth dynamics and yield, so as to facilitate the optimization of nitrogen management for muskmelon crop in plastic greenhouse. For this purpose, four experiments with different levels of nitrogen treatment and planting dates on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’) were conducted in plastic greenhouse located at Sanya from Nov. 2012 to Sept. 2014. The quantitative relationship between leaf nitrogen content and growth dynamics and yield of muskmelon was determined and incorporated into a photosynthesis-driven crop growth model (SUCROS). Independent experimental data were used to validate the model. The critical leaf nitrogen content at flowering stage for muskmelon ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’ were 19.8 and 21.0 mg·g−1. The coefficient of determination (r2) and the relative root-mean-squared error (rRMSE) between the predicted and measured value of growth dynamics and yield were, respectively, 0.91 and 10.8% for leaf area index (LAI), 0.90 and 19.6% for dry weight of shoot (DWSH), 0.76 and 30.3%, 0.82 and 21.1%, and 0.92 and 11.9% for dry weight of leaf (DWL), stem (DWST), and fruit (DWF), 0.91 and 17.3%, 0.89 and 13.9%, 0.86 and 27.8%, and 0.88 and 20.6% for soluble sugar content (SU), soluble protein content (PR), vitamin C content (VC), and soluble solids content (SO) of fruit, and 0.90 and 10.1% for fresh weight of fruit (FWF). The model could be used for the optimization of nitrogen management for muskmelon production in plastic greenhouse. Further calibration and test would be needed during the application of the model in wider range of conditions and muskmelon cultivars.

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