scholarly journals Giant kidney worm: novel report of Dioctophyma renale in the kidney of a dog in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
A. Angelou ◽  
K. Tsakou ◽  
K. Mpranditsas ◽  
G. Sioutas ◽  
D. Anderson Moores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Adult Nematode ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Right ◽  
Actual Prevalence

SummaryDioctophyma renale is the largest nematode that infects domestic mammals and is the aetiologic agent of a serious renal disease, dioctophymatosis. It has an indirect life cycle with carnivores serving as final hosts and earthworms as intermediate hosts. The parasite can infect humans with signifi cant zoonotic potential. The pathogenesis of dioctophymatosis is mainly associated with the extent of renal atrophy caused by the parasites, the risk of bilateral renal infestation and the location of the parasite (extrarenal cases). Clinical diagnosis is challenging, and the only treatment option is nephrectomy or nephrotomy to remove the adult nematode. A 6-year-old female crossbreed dog presented with tachypnea, tachycardia and severe hematuria, but died shortly after presentation. Postmortem examination found the right kidney was enlarged and two adult nematodes were found in the renal pelvis. The left kidney was normal. The nematodes were collected and submitted for identifi cation. The two specimens were identifi ed as D. renale using specific identifi cation keys. Herein we present the first case of renal parasitosis by the nematode D. renale in a dog from Greece. This case highlights the need for investigation of the actual prevalence of the parasite and the use of measures for the control of its expansion aiming the protection of dogs and public health.

Fatal infection with Versteria sp. in a muskrat, with implications for human health

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110642
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Niedringhaus ◽  
Laken S. Ganoe ◽  
Matthew Lovallo ◽  
W. David Walter ◽  
Michael J. Yabsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
North America ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Severe Morbidity ◽  
Visceral Organs

The Taeniidae tapeworms are a family of helminths that have a similar life cycle, with intermediate hosts developing characteristic cysts in visceral organs. We describe here a case in Pennsylvania, USA, of fatal Versteria infection in a muskrat ( Ondatra zibethicus), which, to our knowledge, has not been reported to develop disease associated with infection. Postmortem examination revealed widespread tissue loss and replacement by solid-bodied cestode larvae with minimal adjacent inflammation in many visceral organs, most severe in the lungs, liver, and brain. Key morphologic features via histology included cephalic structures and short rostellar hooklets, which are characteristic for the genus. Genetic characterization confirmed the cestode as being an undescribed lineage of Versteria that has been implicated as the cause of severe morbidity and mortality in humans and nonhuman primates in North America. Considering the zoonotic significance of this pathogen, our report expands on the limited literature regarding disease caused by Versteria and emphasizes the need to identify the causative tapeworm more accurately, especially in rodent intermediate hosts given that previous reports do not have molecular confirmation of species.

scholarly journals Spontaneous primary intrathoracic, extrapulmonary hydatid cyst in a broiler rabbit

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sreekumar ◽  
A. Kirubakaran ◽  
R. Venkataramanan ◽  
P. Selvan ◽  
R. Anilkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Echinococcus granulosus, a zoonotic tapeworm with a dog-herbivore life cycle, is known to use ruminants, horses, pigs, etc., as intermediate hosts. Natural infections of hydatid cysts have not been documented in small animals like rabbits in India. This paper records spontaneous intrathoracic, extrapulmonary hydatid cysts of E. granulosus in a cage reared rabbit. The presence of non-invasive unilocular cyst with typical protoscolices containing rostellar hooks favoured the diagnosis of E. granulosus over E. multilocularis, the only other Echinococcus species found in India. The presence of fertile hydatid cyst points to the fact that rabbits can also act as natural intermediate hosts for E. granulosus. The significance of the findings in relation to public health importance is discussed.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Atypical Renal Arteries Arrangement with Ectopic Kidneys in a Guinea Pig

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
D. Maženský ◽  
S. Flešárová
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Aortic Bifurcation ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Right

Abstract We recorded a very rare case of atypical renal arteries arrangement in a guinea pig using the corrosion technique in the study of the arterial system. The right renal artery originated from the ventral wall of the abdominal aorta at the level of the caudal aspect of the 5th lumbar vertebra. The left renal artery originated from the left common iliac artery approximately 12 mm caudally to the aortic bifurcation. The right kidney was located ventral to the aortic bifurcation and the left kidney inside the pelvic cavity between the common iliac arteries. According to the vascular pattern, we determined that the ectopic kidneys in this guinea pig were unusual. This is the first case describing bilateral ectopic kidneys in a guinea pig.

Unilateral Perinephric Pseudocyst Secondary to Hydronephrosis in a C57BL/6J Mouse

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Meyerholz ◽  
S. J. Hostetter
Keyword(s):  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Transitional Epithelium ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Renal Capsule ◽  
Cortical Tissue ◽  
Clear Space ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cellular Debris

A 9-month-old C57BL/6J mouse had progressive abdominal distension over a 1-week period, and a distended left renal capsule was discovered at postmortem examination. Incision of the capsule showed a tan, cloudy fluid that separated the renal capsule and the remnant left kidney. Microscopically, the capsule was significantly separated from the renal parenchyma by clear space and necrotic cellular debris. The majority of the lining of the renal capsule was composed of fibrous connective tissue and lacked an epithelial lining, consistent with a subcapsular perinephric pseudocyst. In addition, attached to intermittent portions of the renal capsule were thin rims of compressed cortical tissue lined by transitional epithelium. The finding of remnant cortical tissue lined by transitional epithelium is consistent with severe hydronephrosis and indicates that the hydronephrosis preceded the formation of the perinephric pseudocyst. To our knowledge, this is the first case report to characterize a perinephric pseudocyst secondary to severe hydronephrosis in a mouse.

Adult-to-Adult Living-Donor Liver Transplantation

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majno ◽  
Mentha ◽  
Berney ◽  
Bühler ◽  
Giostra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Living Donor ◽  
Living Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Donor Liver ◽  
Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Program ◽  
First Case ◽  
Living Donor Transplantation ◽  
The Right

Living donor liver transplantation is a relatively new procedure in which the right side of the liver is harvested in a healthy donor and transplanted into a recipient. After the first case in 1994, over 3000 cases have been done worldwide. This review summarizes the reasons why the procedure is needed, describes its main technical aspects, highlights the boundaries in which it can be done safely, summarizes the current experience worldwide and describes the main points of the program in our unit. We argue that living-donor transplantation is a viable alternative to a long time on the waiting list for several patients, and it can be performed safely and successfully provided that all precautions are undertaken to minimize the risks in the donor and to increase the chances of a good outcome in the recipients. If these prerequisites are met, and within the framework of a structured multidisciplinary program, we believe that living-donor liver transplantation should be funded by health insurances as a recognized therapeutic option.

STUDY OF RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS THE RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Van Chuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Background: A Research glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 61 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with renal scanning 99mTc-DTPA glomerular filtration rate at the hospital 175. Objective: (1) To study characteristics of imaging of renal function. (2) Understanding the relationship between GFR with blood sugar, HbA1c, blood pressure and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical examination, Clinical tests and 99mTc-DTPA GFR gamma - camera renography for patients. Result: GFR of the study group was 75,4 ± 22,3 ml/phut/1,73m2, the left kidney was 35,0 ± 13,0 is lower than the right kidney and 39,8 ± 11,9; p <0,01. There is no correlation between GFR with blood glucose and HbA1c, the risk of reduced GFR in hypertensive group associated is OR = 6,5 with p<0,01; albuminuria (+) is OR = 4,2 with p <0,01; and disease duration > 10 years is OR = 3,5 with p <0.01. Conclusion: GFR of the left kidneys is lower than the right kidney; correlation decreased GFR associated with hypertension, albuminuria and disease duration. Keywords: GFR, diabetes, albuminuria

MODELS FOR DESCRIBING AND SUPPORTING AUTOMATED SYSTEM SCENARIOS

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
В.П. Хранилов ◽  
П.В. Мисевич ◽  
А.Э. Ермилов
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Information Logistics ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mathematical Model

В статье представлены модели описания сценариев функционирования автоматизированных систем (АС). Вводится и анализируется категория "жизненный цикл сценариев АС". Наиболее важными этапами жизненного цикла сценария являются следующие: этап формирования событийного набора для формирования сценария, этап выполнения последовательности сценарных событий и этап ситуационного анализа внешней и внутренней среды события. В статье предложена математическая модель функционирования АС, которая используется для поддержки этапа выполнения последовательности сценарных событий и основана на принципе информационной логистики: каждый параметр (набор данных) находится в нужном месте в АС, "точно в срок" и в нужном формате. Для поддержки ситуационного анализа предлагается модифицированная фреймовая модель. Ситуационный анализ используется для разработки алгоритмов событий и определения следующего события в сценарии. Модифицированная фреймовая модель основана на использовании нечетких логических процедур в фреймовой сети. The paper presents models for describing the operating scenarios of automated systems. The authors introduce and analyze the category “the life cycle of automated system scenarios”. The life cycle consists of a sequence of stages. The leading success factor of any scenario is the support of the scenario during all stages of its life cycle. The most important stages of the scenario life cycle are the following: the stage of forming the event set for generating the scenario, the stage of performing the sequence of scenario events and the stage of situational analysis of the external and internal environment of the event. In the article it is proposed to use a theoretical set model in order to select an element from a set of alternatives. The elements are events for designing a scenario. The model uses fuzzy logic and is based on the process of controlling an array of parameters if variants are available. The model is used to support the stage of forming a set of events for generating the scenario. The mathematical model of automated system operation which is used to support the stage of performing the sequence of scenario events is suggested in the article. The model is based on the principle of information logistics: each parameter (a set of data) is in the right place in the automated system, ‘just-in-time’ and in the required format. A modified frame model is proposed to support situational analysis. The situational analysis is used to operate the event algorithms and to determine the next event in the scenario. The modified frame model is based on the use of fuzzy logic procedures in a frame network.

EPEGENTIC TOXICOLOGY: PERSPECTIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
G. A. Sofronov ◽  
E. L. Patkin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Time Periods

One of the complex problems of modern experimental toxicology remains the molecular mechanism of formation of human health disorders separated at different time periods from acute or chronic exposure to toxic environmental pollutants (ecotoxicants). Identifying and understanding what epigenetic changes are induced by the environment, and how they can lead to unfavorable outcome, are vital for protecting public health. Therefore, we consider it important a modern understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the life cycle of mammals and assess available data on the environmentally caused epigenetic toxicity and, accordingly fledging epigenenomic (epigenetic) regulatory toxicology.

Taeniasis in a German Shepherd Pup: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
B J Thakre ◽  
Joice P Joseph ◽  
Binod Kumar ◽  
Nilima Brahmbhatt ◽  
Krishna Gamit
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Taenia Multiceps ◽  
Taenia Crassiceps ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum

Taenia spp. are long, segmented, parasitic tapeworms and are relatively uncommon in canine gastrointestinal diseases compared to other tapeworms like Dipylidium caninum. These parasites have an indirect life cycle, cycling between definitive and intermediate hosts. Dogs act as definitive hosts of different species of Taenia including Taenia multiceps, Taenia serialis, Taenia crassiceps, Taenia hydatigena, Taenia pisiformis, etc. Taenia multiceps is of greatest zoonotic relevance in human. In the definitive host, it causes only mild infection. Larvae are more likely to cause disease than adult tapeworms. Taeniasis in pets should be cautiously handled because of its zoonotic importance. This communication reports a case of 3 months old pup suffering from Taenia infection that was successfully managed with a combination of praziquantel and fenbendazole.

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