scholarly journals Identification and determination of characteristics of endophytes from rice plants and their role in biocontrol of bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yousefi ◽  
N. Hassanzadeh ◽  
K. Behboudi ◽  
F. Beiki Firouzjahi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

SummaryEndophytic bacteria of rice plants (Oryza sativaL.) from eight different cultivars were screened for their ability in inducing disease symptoms, plant growth promotion and antagonistic activity againstXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae.Out of the 63 whole isolates, five were plant pathogens. Based on phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, these were identified asPseudomonas oryzihabitans,P. fulva,Pantoea ananatis,Pantoeasp.,Cellulomonassp. Four out of the 63 isolates behaved as potentially good plant growth-promoting and biocontrol agents. These were identified asBacillussp.,B. subtilis,Pseudomonas putidaandEnterobactersp. This is the first report of pathogenic and endophytic bacteria from rice grown in field conditions in North of Iran.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria from Sugarcane and Their Antagonistic Activity against Fusarium moniliforme

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Nittaya Pitiwittayakul ◽  
Duanpen Wongsorn ◽  
Somboon Tanasupawat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Burkholderia Gladioli ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Chemical Usage

The use of endophytic bacteria in agriculture provides an effective way of improving crop yield and significantly reducing chemical usage, such as fungicides. This research was conducted to explore endophytic bacteria with plant growth promotion (PGP) and antifungal activities against Fusarium moniliforme AIT01. In this study, we obtained 52 isolates of endophytic bacteria associated with the roots and stems of sugarcane from Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand. In vitro antagonistic activity test showed that 14 out of 52 isolates had antagonistic activity against the fungal pathogen F. moniliforme AIT01. These antagonistic endophytic bacteria were identified as belonging to six different species as follows: Nguyenibacter vanlangensis, Acidomonas methanolica, Asaia bogorensis, Tanticharoenia aidae, Burkholderia gladioli and Bacillus altitudinis based on phenotypic characteristics, along with phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Seven isolates effectively inhibited F. moniliforme AIT01 mycelial growth by up to 40%. The volatile compounds of six isolates reduced the growth of F. moniliforme AIT01 by over 23%. Moreover, riceberry rice seedlings previously treated with B. gladioli CP28 were found to strongly reduce infection with phytopathogen by 80% in comparison to the non-treated control. Furthermore, the isolates also showed relevant PGP features, including ammonia production, zinc and phosphate solubilisation, auxin and siderophore biosynthesis. These results demonstrated that the tested endophytic bacteria could be successfully utilised as a source of PGP and biocontrol agent to manage diseases caused by F. moniliforme.

scholarly journals Genome Sequencing of Pantoea agglomerans C1 Provides Insights into Molecular and Genetic Mechanisms of Plant Growth-Promotion and Tolerance to Heavy Metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Luziatelli ◽  
Anna Grazia Ficca ◽  
Mariateresa Cardarelli ◽  
Francesca Melini ◽  
Andrea Cavalieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Pantoea Agglomerans ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Distinctive strains of Pantoea are used as soil inoculants for their ability to promote plant growth. Pantoea agglomerans strain C1, previously isolated from the phyllosphere of lettuce, can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), solubilize phosphate, and inhibit plant pathogens, such as Erwinia amylovora. In this paper, the complete genome sequence of strain C1 is reported. In addition, experimental evidence is provided on how the strain tolerates arsenate As (V) up to 100 mM, and on how secreted metabolites like IAA and siderophores act as biostimulants in tomato cuttings. The strain has a circular chromosome and two prophages for a total genome of 4,846,925-bp, with a DNA G+C content of 55.2%. Genes related to plant growth promotion and biocontrol activity, such as those associated with IAA and spermidine synthesis, solubilization of inorganic phosphate, acquisition of ferrous iron, and production of volatile organic compounds, siderophores and GABA, were found in the genome of strain C1. Genome analysis also provided better understanding of the mechanisms underlying strain resistance to multiple toxic heavy metals and transmission of these genes by horizontal gene transfer. Findings suggested that strain C1 exhibits high biotechnological potential as plant growth-promoting bacterium in heavy metal polluted soils.

scholarly journals Diversity, biocontrol, and growth promotion potential of culturable endophytic fungi isolated from root, shoot, and leaf of wild Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang across the seasons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Yu ◽  
Ying Yao
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phoebe Bournei

Endophytic fungi were isolated from Phoebe bournei and their diversity and antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting activities were investigated. Of the 389 isolated endophytic fungi, 88.90% belonged to phylum Ascomycota and 11.10% to phylum Basidiomycota. The isolates were grouped into four taxonomic classes, 11 orders, 30 genera, and 45 species based on internal transcribed spacer sequencing and morphologic analysis. The host showed a strong affinity for the genera Diaporthe and Phyllosticta. The diversity of the fungi was highest in autumn, followed by spring and summer, and was lowest in winter. The fungi exhibited notable tissue specificity in P. bournei, and the species richness and diversity were highest in the root across all seasons. Five isolates showed antimicrobial activity against eight plant pathogens, and reduced the incidence of leaf spot disease in P. bournei. Additionally, 9 biocontrol isolates showed plant growth-promoting activity, with five significantly promoting P. bournei seedling growth. This is the first report on the endophytic fungi of P. bournei and their potential applicability to plant disease control and growth promotion.

scholarly journals Characterization of bacterial endophytes from the roots of native and cultivated Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Patrícia Bombonati CHALITA ◽  
Eliane do Nascimento Cunha FARIAS ◽  
Ismaele Breckenfeld da COSTA ◽  
Brenda Ferreira SOUSA ◽  
Marco Antônio Oliveira dos SANTOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nifh Gene ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Indole Compounds ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT Brazil nut is a very important nontimber forest product in the Amazon region. Propagation of this tree still represents a challenge due to slow and uneven seed germination. In this context, plant growth-promoting bacteria can facilitate the process of propagation. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from the roots of Brazil nut trees in native terra firme forest and cultivation areas in northern Brazil, and to identify mechanisms by which bacteria act in plant growth promotion. Overall, 90 bacterial isolates were obtained from the roots of Brazil nut trees in monoculture, agroforestry and native forest areas by using different semisolid media. The isolates were characterized by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Plant growth-promoting characteristics were evaluated by the presence of the nifH gene, aluminum phosphate solubilization and the production of indole compounds. The isolates were affiliated with 18 genera belonging to 5 different classes (α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, Bacilli and Actinobacteria). The genus Bacillus was predominant in the forest and monoculture areas. Fourteen isolates presented the nifH gene. Most of the bacteria were able to solubilize aluminum phosphate and synthetize indole compounds. The results indicated high diversity of endophytic bacteria present among the roots of Brazil nut trees, mainly in the agroforestry area, which could be related to soil attributes. Among the 90 isolates, the 22 that presented the best results regarding plant growth promotion traits were good candidates for testing in seedling production of Brazil nut trees.

Evaluation of rhizosphere Streptomyces for zinc solubilizing and plant growth promoting properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
K. Balakrishnan ◽  
Manikkam Radhakrishnan ◽  
Venugopal Gopikrishnan ◽  
J. Thirumalairaj ◽  
Ramasamy Balagurunathan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Actinobacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soil and its plant growth-promoting ability was tested. Actinobacteria were screened for promoting plant growth by phosphate and zinc solubilization, gibberellin, siderophore, HCN and indole-3-acetic acid production. The abiotic stresses of all the isolates were tested for parameters such as pH, temperature and NaCl. Upon screening, a potent actinobacteria named Streptomyces sp. ZS-18 was isolated and identified based on the colony characteristics. The potent strain solubilized both the zinc oxide (26 ± 0.75mm) and zinc carbonate (22 ± 0.88mm). The utilization of gibberellic acid (80μg/ml) by the potential strain ZS-18 showed maximum production measured by optical density value of 0.179. The growth of the green gram plant was determined by shoot, root, total length, number of leaves and chlorophyll estimation of the leaves. Streptomyces sp. ZS-18 showed good growth on ISP 1, ISP 2, ISP 3, ISP 5 and ISP 7 medium and moderate growth was observed in ISP 4 and ISP 6 medium. In addition, Actinobacteria were tested for antagonistic activity against plant pathogens. The isolate ZS-18 in the pot trial experiment showed increased growth in comparison with control and cow dung manure.

scholarly journals Genome Characteristics Reveal the Biocontrol Potential of Actinobacteria Isolated From Sugarcane Rhizosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Manoj Kumar Solanki ◽  
Zhuo-Xin Yu ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
Deng-Feng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Defense Enzyme ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Related Enzyme ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

To understand the beneficial interaction of sugarcane rhizosphere actinobacteria in promoting plant growth and managing plant diseases, this study investigated the potential role of sugarcane rhizospheric actinobacteria in promoting plant growth and antagonizing plant pathogens. We isolated 58 actinobacteria from the sugarcane rhizosphere, conducted plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics research, and tested the pathogenic fungi in vitro. Results showed that BTU6 (Streptomyces griseorubiginosus), the most representative strain, regulates plant defense enzyme activity and significantly enhances sugarcane smut resistance by regulating stress resistance-related enzyme (substances (POD, PAL, PPO, TP) in sugarcane) activity in sugarcane. The genomic evaluation indicated that BTU6 has the ability to biosynthesize chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, and various secondary metabolites and plays an essential role in the growth of sugarcane plants under biotic stress. Potential mechanisms of the strain in improving the disease resistance of sugarcane plants and its potential in biodegrading exogenous chemicals were also revealed. This study showed the importance of sugarcane rhizosphere actinobacteria in microbial ecology and plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals Genomic and Metabolomic Insights into Secondary Metabolites of the Novel Bacillus halotolerans Hil4, an Endophyte with Promising Antagonistic Activity against Gray Mold and Plant Growth Promoting Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2508
Author(s):  
Eirini-Evangelia Thomloudi ◽  
Polina C. Tsalgatidou ◽  
Eirini Baira ◽  
Konstantinos Papadimitriou ◽  
Anastasia Venieraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Culture ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The endophytic bacterial strain Hil4 was isolated from leaves of the medicinal plant Hypericum hircinum. It exhibited antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and a plethora of plant growth promoting traits in vitro. Whole genome sequencing revealed that it belongs to Bacillus halotolerans and possesses numerous secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and genes involved in plant growth promotion, colonization, and plant defense elicitation. The Mojavensin cluster was present in the genome, making this strain novel among plant-associated B. halotolerans strains. Extracts of secreted agar-diffusible compounds from single culture secretome extracts and dual cultures with B. cinerea were bioactive and had the same antifungal pattern on TLC plates after bioautography. UHPLC-HRMS analysis of the single culture secretome extract putatively annotated the consecutively produced antimicrobial substances and ISR elicitors. The isolate also proved efficient in minimizing the severity of gray mold post-harvest disease on table grape berries, as well as cherry tomatoes. Finally, it positively influenced the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 and Solanum lycopersicum var. Chondrokatsari Messinias after seed biopriming in vitro. Overall, these results indicate that the B. halotolerans strain Hil4 is a promising novel plant growth promoting and biocontrol agent, and can be used in future research for the development of biostimulants and/or biological control agents.

scholarly journals The Endophytic Microbiome as a Hotspot of Synergistic Interactions, with Prospects of Plant Growth Promotion

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Udaya Kumar Vandana ◽  
Jina Rajkumari ◽  
L. Paikhomba Singha ◽  
Lakkakula Satish ◽  
Hemasundar Alavilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Endophytic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbe Interactions

The plant root is the primary site of interaction between plants and associated microorganisms and constitutes the main components of plant microbiomes that impact crop production. The endophytic bacteria in the root zone have an important role in plant growth promotion. Diverse microbial communities inhabit plant root tissues, and they directly or indirectly promote plant growth by inhibiting the growth of plant pathogens, producing various secondary metabolites. Mechanisms of plant growth promotion and response of root endophytic microorganisms for their survival and colonization in the host plants are the result of complex plant-microbe interactions. Endophytic microorganisms also assist the host to sustain different biotic and abiotic stresses. Better insights are emerging for the endophyte, such as host plant interactions due to advancements in ‘omic’ technologies, which facilitate the exploration of genes that are responsible for plant tissue colonization. Consequently, this is informative to envisage putative functions and metabolic processes crucial for endophytic adaptations. Detection of cell signaling molecules between host plants and identification of compounds synthesized by root endophytes are effective means for their utilization in the agriculture sector as biofertilizers. In addition, it is interesting that the endophytic microorganism colonization impacts the relative abundance of indigenous microbial communities and suppresses the deleterious microorganisms in plant tissues. Natural products released by endophytes act as biocontrol agents and inhibit pathogen growth. The symbiosis of endophytic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affects plant symbiotic signaling pathways and root colonization patterns and phytohormone synthesis. In this review, the potential of the root endophytic community, colonization, and role in the improvement of plant growth has been explained in the light of intricate plant-microbe interactions.

scholarly journals A window into fungal endophytism in Salicornia europaea: deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 445 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 577-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bliss Ursula Furtado ◽  
Sonia Szymańska ◽  
Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungi ◽  
Pectolytic Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Aim Plant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated. Method Fungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions. Results Most isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont (Epichloë)-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion. Conclusions This research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.

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