scholarly journals Resistance of ten common medicinal plants to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ansari ◽  
H. Charehgani ◽  
R. Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Rumex Acetosella ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Reproduction Factor

Summary A preliminary survey indicated that the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica is widely distributed in the rhizosphere of medicinal plants in Boyer-Ahmad region (Iran). Host suitability of ten species of medicinal plants to M. javanica was examined in a pot experiment under controlled greenhouse conditions: alkakengy (Physalis alkekengi L.), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), English plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), garden anchusa (Anchusa italica Retz.), horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.), lovage (Levisticum officinale L.), sorrel (Rumex acetosella L.), thistle (Echinops adenocaulos Boiss.) and woundwort (Stachys pilifera Benth.). According to the scheme of Canto-Saenz, seven species, namely garden anchusa, fennel, horehound, alkakengy, English plantain, woundwort and sorrel can be considered susceptible hosts with gall index (GI) > 2 and reproduction factor (RF) > 1, and thistle, lovage and chamomile, can be considered as hyper-susceptible with GI > 2 and RF ≤ 1.

scholarly journals Reaction of wild Solanaceae rootstocks to the parasitism of (Meloidogyne javanica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Cardoso ◽  
Luiza Tonelli ◽  
Talita S Kutz ◽  
Fernanda D Brandelero ◽  
Thiago de O Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Solanum Viarum ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Reproduction Factor

ABSTRACT Intensive production of vegetables in greenhouses can increase the amount of inoculum of soil-borne pathogens, such as the root-knot nematode. Thus, in this study we aimed to evaluate the potential of Solanaceae as rootstocks resistant to Meloidogyne javanica nematodes as an alternative to tomato grafting. The experiment consisted of seven treatments: wild species joá-vermelho (Solanum capsicoides), joá-bagudo (Solanum palinacanthum), joá-bravo (Solanum viarum), jurubeba (Solanum spp.) and the commercial tomato cultivars Santa Cruz Kada, Batalha and Guardião. The analyzed variables were gall index; egg mass index; final nematode population; reproduction factor (FR) and reaction: susceptibility, resistance and immunity; fresh shoot and root mass and number of eggs per gram of roots. The wild species joá-vermelho, joá-bagudo and jurubeba showed resistance, with the lowest indexes of galls, egg mass, final population of nematodes and number of eggs per gram of root, not differing from the resistant control treatment (hybrid rootstock Guardião), with a reproduction factor less than 1, showing potential to be used as a resistant rootstock to M. javanica. Joá-bravo species showed susceptibility to the root-knot nematode, with a FR>1, not differing from the susceptible tomato Santa Cruz Kada. These results confirm the resistance of wild species to nematode parasitism, which can prove the viability of use as possible alternative rootstocks, and reinforce the idea that more studies should be carried out aiming to provide more viable options for farmers and plantlet producers.

Effect of Some Medicinal Plants on Egg Hatching of Meloidogyne javanica, Root Knot Nematode

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1364-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husan- Bano ◽  
Imran Ali Siddiq ◽  
Waseemud-din Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ehteshamul
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching

scholarly journals Survey and Identification of Root-Knot Nematodes Associated with Brinjal Crops in Fatehabad, Agra

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Bindhya Yadav ◽  
Sanoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Index Point ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Heavy Infection ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Almost All

A survey was conducted over a period of one and half year to estimate the occurrence of root-knot nematode disease on brinjal crops in five selected localities in and around Fatehabad, Agra. Our survey indicates that brinjal crops grown in the selected localities were heavily infested with root-knot nematodes. Highest frequency of disease occurrence in which almost all the roots have knot-like appearance (>85%) was reported from Firozabad Road area. Other localities were also having the significant infestations and these were reported as 80%, 78%, 65%,62% respectively. To access the damage caused by root-knot nematodes in brinjal crop, Meloidogyne gall index and its egg-mass index were calculated and these were found in the range of 2-5. An increased gall index and egg-mass index point to heavy infection on selected crops. Sampled crop showed the significant presence of Meloidogyne javanica. However, there were other species of root-knot nematode as mixed population was also reported. Other species of the root-knot nematodes which were reported in this survey was M. incognita. This survey indicates that the M. javanica is a frequently occurring population in brinjal field infested with root-knot disease.

scholarly journals Screening, confirmation and field evaluation of promising resistant germplasm of different pulses against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1594-1598
Author(s):  
A. Kumar ◽  
◽  
J.A. Patil ◽  
S. Yadav ◽  
S. Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Resistant Reaction ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Aim: Experiment conducted in the microplots infested with the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica against the germpalms of thechickpea, pigeon pea, mungbean and urdbean. Methodology: In this study, 71 genotypes of chickpea, 30 genotypes of pigeon pea, 14 genotypes of mungbean and 12 genotypes of urdbean were screened for their reaction to root-knot nematode, M. javanica in infested microplots. Initial nematode population was recorded. Various germplasms of pulses was sown in microplots. The plants were maintained as per the standard agronomic practices. All the germplasm were assessed to determine gall index. Results: Seventy one genotypes of chickpea were screened against M. javanica, among them 19 were highly resistant, 8 resistant and 12 were found to be moderately resistant. Out of 30 genotypes of pigeonpea, 19 were highly resistant, 2 were resistant and 3 were moderately resistant to the root-knot nematode. Fourteen genotypes of mungbean screened against M. javanica, none of the germplasm was found resistant, however, four genotypes showed moderately resistant reaction. Interpretation: It may be concluded that several types of reaction were observed in screened germplasm of pulse viz., highly susceptible, susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant. These types of reaction may be due to different genotypic content of the germplasms.

Effect of the Mi gene on reproduction of Meloidogyne hispanica on tomato genotypes

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Rosane H.C. Curtis ◽  
Isabel M. de O. Abrantes ◽  
Carla M. Maleita ◽  
Stephen J. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Mi Gene ◽  
Gene Status ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

AbstractThe root-knot nematode resistance (Mi) gene was screened in 25 tomato genotypes of Solanum lycopersicum, by amplification of REX-1 and Mi23 markers. Ten heterozygous tomato genotypes (Mimi), nine homozygous (MiMi) at the Mi locus and six lacking the Mi gene for resistance to root-knot nematode were identified using the marker REX-1. The results obtained with Mi23 marker confirmed the Mi gene status of the tomato genotypes, except for genotype Valouro RZ F1 that was homozygous (MiMi) and heterozygous (Mimi) at the Mi locus when using the REX-1 and Mi23 markers, respectively. The pathogenicity of Meloidogyne hispanica on the 25 tomato genotypes was assessed 60 days after inoculation with 5000 eggs on the basis of root gall index (GI) and reproduction factor (Rf). All the tomato genotypes were susceptible (excellent or good hosts), with GI > 4 and Rf > 2, except the genotype Rapit (Mimi), considered as resistant/hypersensitive (poor host). In this genotype, the nematode induced galls (GI = 4) on its roots and a small number of eggs were produced (Pf = 3085 ± 485). Significant differences in reproduction were detected between the Mi allelic conditions and genotypes within Mi allelic conditions. The increasing number of Mi alleles (0, 1 or 2) is associated with decreasing Rf, which suggests a possible dosage effect of the Mi gene. The variability observed in the Rf values for MiMi tomato genotypes may reflect an influence of the genetic background of the plants containing the Mi gene. Ten of the 25 tomato genotypes with Mi gene are commercially available. However, only Rapit can be used to control the three most common Meloidogyne spp. and inhibit the increasing of M. hispanica populations, and may have potential to be included in an integrated pest management programme. However, it is advisable to evaluate the pathogenicity of local populations of this nematode species associated with different environmental factors.

scholarly journals Reaction of jaboticaba trees cv. ‘Sabará’ to the species of gall forming nematodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-344
Author(s):  
Mônica Lau Silva Marques ◽  
Jéssica Maria Israel de Jesus ◽  
Marcos Fernandes Oliveira ◽  
Renato Andrade Texeira ◽  
Patrícia Resplandes Rocha dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Subtropical Fruit ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
Juvenile Plant

ABSTRACT Tropical and subtropical fruit production plays an important role in the country’s economic scenario and has been affected by root-knot nematode. The jaboticaba tree is a plant widely cultivated in Brazil, and among the problems of the crop is the root-knot nematode of the genus Meloidogyne. This study aimed to evaluate the hostability of jaboticaba tree cv. ‘Sabará’, in different inoculum concentrations of Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica. The inoculum used in the experiment was obtained from the roots of tomato cv. ‘Santa Cruz’. Jaboticaba trees were subjected to inoculation with concentrations of 0, 2000, 4000, and 8000 eggs + juvenile plant-1, for both species of nematodes. The plants of jaboticaba cv. ‘Sabará’ showed resistance concerning the development of M. incognita and M. javanica root-knot nematode with Reproduction Factor (RF) <1.

scholarly journals Rhizobacteria cooperative effect against Meloidogyne javanica in rhizosphere of legume seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.-S. Tabatabaei ◽  
A. Saeedizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Cooperative Effect ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
Bacterial Effect

SummaryRoot-knot nematodes are major pests of legume fields in Iran. This research evaluated the effect ofRhizobium leguminosarumbv.phaseoliandPseudomonas fluorescensCHA0 (stand alone and combination treatment) on galling and reproduction of root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne javanica,in legum (chickpea, bean, lentil, pea) seedling rhizosphere, and the growth properties of the host plants. The legumes seeds were sown in 1kg sterilized sandy loam soil. Inocula were 5 J2/g of soil, in the case of the nematode, while considering the bacteria 1×107cfu/kg soil. A treatment of nematicide (cadusafos) was performed, as a commonly used nematicide in Iran, at 2g/kg soil. Two months after inoculation, the following parameters were recorded: the number of knots, egg masses and reproduction factor of the nematode, bacterial nodules per root, and growth properties of seedlings in the treatments (control, nematode, nematode+nematicide, and nematode+rhizobacteria). The greatest bacterial effect on the control of the nematode was observed in the rhizosphere of the bean treatments. Inoculation withRhizobiumin the soil decreased the galling on the legumes’ roots, and the combined inoculation withPseudomonasandRhizobiumresulted in a higher decrease of the galling.

scholarly journals Respuesta del perejil crespo a diferentes densidades de población de Meloidogyne arenaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Leslie Sharon Lozada-Villanueva ◽  
◽  
Teodocia Gloria Casa-Ruiz ◽  
Cristiano Bellé ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Initial Population Density ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
Curly Leaf

The effect of initial population density (Pi) of the peanut root-knot nematode, Melodoigyne arenaria, on curly leaf parsley growth was assessed in this study. The population densities of M. arenaria ranged from 0 to 64 eggs + second-stage juveniles (J2)/cm3 soil in sterile sandbags. The root gall index (RGI), reproduction factor (RF), fresh leaf weight (FLW), dry leaf weight (DLW), root fresh weight (RFW), root length (RL), leaf height (LH), and chlorophyll index (SPAD) were determined at 90 days after inoculation. FLW, DLW, RFW, LH, and SPAD data were fitted to the Seinhorst equation, y = m + (1 - m) zPi-T, to determine the tolerance limit T = 0.25 eggs +J2/cm3 soil for FLW, DLW, RFW, and LH, with relative means (m) of 0.52, 0.24, 0.22, and 0.4 respectively; conversely, the T value for SPAD was 0.125 eggs + J2/cm3 soil and with a m of 0.26. All biometric variables decreased with an increase in the initial population density (Pi). Nevertheless, the highest RF of M. arenaria in parsley was 78.92 for a Pi = 8 eggs + J2/cm3 soil, with an RGI value of 5 from Pi = 1 eggs + J2/cm3. Curly leaf parsley growth decreased with an increase in Pi of M. arenaria.

Medicinal Plants: Antibacterial Effects and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Foroughi ◽  
Pouya Pournaghi ◽  
Fariba Najafi ◽  
Akram Zangeneh ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

Medicinal plants are considered modern resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was done to specify chemical composion. As a screen test to detect antibacterial properties of the essential oil, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube test was performed to determinate MIC. The results indicated that the most substance found in FV essential oil was Trans-anethole (47.41 %), also the essential oil of FV with 0.007 g/ml concentration has prevented P. aeruginosa and with 0.002 g/ml concentration has prevented B. subtilis from the growth. Thus, the research represents the antibacterial effects of the medical herb on test P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. We believe that the article provide support to the antibacterial properties of the essential oil. The results indicate the fact that the essential oil from the plant can be useful as medicinal or preservatives composition.

scholarly journals Mineral composition of beetroot treated with potential elicitors and inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽  
Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica can infect beetroots, causing extensive damage to this food crop. As chemical and genetic control tactics have shown limited efficacy, new strategies are needed to improve the integrated management of this parasite. This study assessed the influence of potential defence elicitors and M. javanica infection on the mineral composition of beetroot. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), citrus biomass, or a mannanoligosaccharide-based product (MOS) and inoculated with 1000 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. javanica. At 60 days after inoculation, beetroot plants were harvested and evaluated for nematode population density, vegetative growth, and mineral content. Results All potential elicitors reduced nematode population density in beetroots (p ≤ 0.10) and improved the vegetative parameters of inoculated plants (p ≤ 0.05), except shoot fresh weight. Some minerals were found to be negatively affected by treatments, particularly calcium, whose levels were consistently lower in treated plants. On the other hand, M. javanica inoculation increased magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper contents in beetroots. However, the latter mineral (Cu content) of inoculated plants was positively influenced by MOS and ASM. Conclusion Potential elicitor treatments did not improve the mineral composition of beetroot, but were effective in reducing nematode population density. Plants inoculated with M. javanica had higher mineral levels. However, gall formation decreases the commercial value of the crop and might render it unsuitable for commercialisation. M. javanica-infected beetroots may be used for nutrient extraction or sold to food processing industries.

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