Avaliação ergonômica do posto do operador de duas colhedoras de grãos

As condições ergonômicas relacionadas ao posto de operação têm sido determinantes para o desenvolvimento de novos projetos de máquinas agrícolas, proporcionando condições adequadas aos operadores e eficiência durante a realização das operações. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características ergonômicas do posto do operador de duas colhedoras autopropelidas de grãos, relacionadas às zonas de acesso e aos comandos de operação. Foram estudadas duas colhedoras de grãos, denominadas de A e B, pertencentes a Classe IV, sendo avaliado o posicionamento dos principais comandos de operação em relação ao Seat Index Point, classificados em zonas de acesso, conforme a norma ISO 15077. Os resultados indicam que, 70,67% e 56,75% dos comandos de acionamento frequente estão localizados nas zonas de conforto e de acesso no plano longitudinal vertical sendo que, em relação ao plano horizontal superior, 100% e 71,43% dos comandos encontram-se nestas mesmas zonas para as colhedoras A e B, respectivamente. Conclui-se que, para os dois modelos de colhedoras estudados, ocorreu considerável variação na disposição dos comandos de acionamento para os planos longitudinal vertical e horizontal superior.

Mid- to late-Holocene sea-level evolution of the northeastern Aegean sea

We combined biostratigraphical analyses, archaeological surveys, and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) models to provide new insights into the relative sea-level evolution in the northeastern Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean). In this area, characterized by a very complex tectonic pattern, we produced a new typology of sea-level index point, based on the foraminiferal associations found in transgressive marine facies. Our results agree with the sea-level history previously produced in this region, therefore confirming the validity of this new type of index point. The expanded dataset presented in this paper further demonstrates a continuous Holocene RSL rise in this portion of the Aegean Sea. Comparing the new RSL record with the available geophysical predictions of sea-level evolution indicates that the crustal subsidence of the Samothraki Plateau and the North Aegean Trough played a major role in controlling millennial-scale sea-level evolution in the area. This major subsidence rate needs to be taken into account in the preparation of local future scenarios of sea-level rise in the coming decades.

Kelimpahan Jenis Burung Diurnal Di Ruang Terbuka Hijau Tanah Pemakaman di Kota Malang, Jawa Timur

Abstrak Eksistensi Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) yang di wilayah Kota Malang mulai menurun, ini dikarenakan proses pembangunan yang intensif. Tempat Pemakaman Umum (TPU) ialah salah satu RTH yang berfungsi lain yaitu sebagai kawasan resapan air, penghasil biomasa serta karbon terbanyak, dan habitat binatang liar contohnya burung. Penelitian kelimpahan burung diurnal dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai bulan November 2020 di 3 TPU ialah (TPU Kasin, TPU Samaan, dan TPU Sukun). Metode perhitungan burung mengunakan IPA (Index Point of Abundance) dan Point Count. Identifikasi memakai buku “panduan lapangan burung-burung di Sumatra, Jawa, Bali, Kalimantan”. Hasil pengamatan burung diurnal di 3 lokasi TPU terdapat 11 famili, 15 spesies, 267 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Wiener di TPU Sukun, Kasin, dan Samaan terletak pada tingkatan keanekaragaman yang terkategori sedang (H’=1.5 – 3.5). Tingkatan kemerataan spesies dari ketiga TPU ialah (E>0.6) terkategori tinggi, sebaliknya nilai indeks kekayaan jenisnya (R<3.5) ialah terkategori rendah. Burung sriti (Hirundo tahitica) serta burung gereja (Passer montanus) populasinya lebih besar dibanding spesies yang lainnya. Kesesuaian lahan serta tingkatan gangguan dari penduduk kota terhadap burung disebagian areal TPU, mengakibatkan sebagian spesies burung tertentu yang bisa bertahan hidup dengan lingkungannya. Pengelolaan sumberdaya alam secara optimal mampu meningkatkan mutu kawasan lahan tersebut. Kata Kunci; Ruang Terbuka Hijau; Burung Diurnal; Tempat Pemakaman Umum Abstract The reduction of green area in Malang City due to intensify of construction process. Public cemetery is kind of green area which has function as drainage, and wild animal habitat like birds, and also produce Biomasa and amount of carbon. Research on diurnal bird abundance was carried out from September to November 2020 on 3 Public cemeteries (Kasin Public cemetery, Samaan Public cemetery, and Sukun Public cemetery). The bird abundance calculation method uses IPA (Index Point of Abundance) and Point Count. Process of identification by using panduan lapangan burung-burung di Sumatra, Jawa, Bali, Kalimantan’s book. The results of diurnal bird observations at 3 Public cemeteries are contained 11 families, 15 species, 267 individuals. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index in Sukun, Kasin, and Samaan Public cemeteries lies at the level of diversity which is categorized as medium (H '= 1.5 - 3.5). The level of evenness of the species of the three Public cemeteries are (E> 0.6) in the high category, on the other hand, the index value of species richness (R <3.5) is the low category. Sriti birds (Hirundo tahitica) and sparrows (Passer montanus) have a larger population than other species. The land suitability and the disturbance level from urban residents to birds in parts of the Public cemeteries are resulted only certain bird species that able to survive in their environment. The optimization of natural resources management can improve the quality of its land. Keywords: Green Area; Diurnal Bird, Public Cemetery

Evolution of antimicrobial resistance and mortality in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis during 15 years in a university hospital

Introduction. One of the most aggressive microorganisms in infective endocarditis (IE) is Staphylococcus aureus. We analyse the resistance of S. aureus to antibiotics and its impact on the clinical course of IE in a recent 15-year period. Methods. Retrospective study of patients with IE in a university hospital from 2005 to 2019. Bivariate and multivariate analysis of severity at admission, comorbidities, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and mortality. Results. Of the 293 IE cases, 66 (22.5%) were due to S. aureus, and 21 (7.2%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The prevalence of strains with a MIC to vancomycin ≥ 1mg/L increased from 4.8% to 63.6% (p <0.001) and the cases of MRSA from 38 to 27.3% (p = 0.045). Older age (p= 0.02), comorbidity (p <0.01) and nosohusial origin (p = 0.01), were factors associated with MRSA. But the antimicrobial resistance and severity on admission were not associated with exitus; predictive factors were the right-sided IE (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.51), comorbidities (OR per Charlson index point = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01-1.69) and creatinine on admission (OR per mg / dL = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.01- 2.35; p = 0.04). Conclusion. We have experienced an increase in IE cases with MIC to vancomycin ≥ 1mg/L, without significant variation in infections due to MRSA. Antimicrobial resistance was not associated with mortality, but comorbidity and left involvement were predictive factors.

Sanitary and Hygienic Aspects of the COVID-19 Self-isolation

Introduction: Self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic is a temporary measure to limit the spread of infection. All citizens arriving from abroad to Russia must comply with the rules of self-isolation. Since April 2, 2020, almost all citizens of the Russian Federation have followed the rules of self-isolation. Also, this month in the Russian capital, Moscow, about 6 million citizens have isolated themselves. In general, in the territory of Russia, the number of citizens on self-isolation reached 100 million. Billions of citizens around the world are staying at home due to the self-isolation regime, so a sanitary assessment must be considered. Self-isolation, characterized by physical inactivity, hypoxia, diet disturbances, lifestyle changes during work / rest, mental stress; this provides an opportunity to identify the presence of public health risk factors and contributes to an increase in the incidence of No Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Purpose of the Study: Carrying out a sanitary-hygienic assessment of COVID-19 self-isolation, determining priority risk factors causing non-infectious diseases, and proposing preventive measures. Objectives: To Identify public health risk factors during self-isolation. To conduct a comprehensive hygienic assessment of self-isolation according to the priority criteria. To develop a pointing system (hygiene index for self-isolation). To propose measures to minimize health risks during self-isolation. Materials and Methods: We used analytical, and systematization approaches. Information from the legal documents of the hygienic-sanitary laws of the Government of the Russian Federation (nutrition hygiene, hygiene of workforce, children, and teenagers). World Health Organization COVID-19 documents. Research Results: We assessed the sanitary-hygienic aspects of self-isolation to identify the leading risk factors on public health, and as a result, we proposed hygienic criteria for self-isolation. We developed a hygienic self-isolation index point score (HSIPS) that considers the Russian law-based requirements for diet, work, rest, and physical activities. Thus, the usage of those hygienic standards is beneficial to prevent public health risks in ordinary and extremely challenging conditions of self-isolation. We proposed measures to minimize risks during self-isolation, and we based them on adequate sanitary-hygienic standards. The main sanitary-hygienic risk factors of self-isolation are: sedentary lifestyle, hypoxia, nutritional deficiencies (malnutrition), and work/rest imbalance. Conclusion: We proposed a sanitary-hygienic definition of self-isolation. We identified leading risk factors for public health of the self-isolated population. We proposed sanitary-hygienic criteria for assessing self-isolation based on the regulations and standards of the Government of the Russian Federation. We developed a hygienic self-isolation index point score (HSIPS), which determines that the optimal mode is directly proportional to the coefficients of a person’s physical activity (D), indoor area (air cubic capacity) per isolated (S), time spent in fresh air (T) and inversely proportional to the calorie intake. We proposed measures to prevent noncommunicable diseases (NCD) for citizens on self-isolation.

Jenis dan Sebaran Satwa Liar di Sekitar Suaka Alam Gunung Daab Bagian Selatan Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara

ABSTRACT Wildlife is all animals that still have wild characteristics that live on land, water or in the air, including wildlife who live freely or kept by humans. Referring to demographic data and an increase of agricultural land area in Kei Besar island during the last five years, it is predicted that there has been a reduction in the forest area that has been converted into residential areas and agricultural land. If this activity enters the Daab Mountain Nature Reserve area it is predicted that wildlife habitat will also be disturbed (reduced), with the result that can affect the population and distribution of wildlife. This study aims to determine the species and distribution of wildlife in the vicinity of the Southern Daab MountainNature Reserve The method used is Index Point of Aboundance (IPA) and Line transect. From The results of this study it can be seen that in the area around the Southern Mount Daab Nature Reserve, there is 41 species of wild animals that divided into six species of mammals, thirty-two species of birds (Aves), and three species of reptiles, also there are five species of endemic wildlife. The richness of wild species that live and breed in the area around the southern Mount Daab Nature Reserve is more in the west than in the east because habitat conditions are more favorable regarding the use of land by public.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DIURNAL DI HUTAN JAJAU KECAMATAN MENTEBAH KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU KALIMANTAN BARAT

Mentabah sub-district is one of the territories in Kapuas Hulu, the province of West Borneo. The width is about 781,26 km² with enormous potential for biodiversity. One of them is Jajau forest. The local people called it Jajau Forest that also known as Kerangas forest. The purpose of this research is to collect data about the diversity of Diurnal species in Jajau Forest in Mentabah sub-district, Kapuas Hulu, the province of West borneo. IPA ((Index Point Abundance) is used in this research that placed purposively. The result of this research shows that there are 111 birds species could be indetified with 938 birds include 39 families. This research showh that the variety of birds in this are is so high, it is 4.4221.Keywords: diversity of birds, Jajau Forest, Mentebah District