The scale insect Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) on citrus in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
G.J. Stathas ◽  
Ch.F. Karipidis
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Parthenogenetic Species

SummaryPhenology and parasitism of the scale insect, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae), infesting Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), were studied in Papagou area, in northeastern Athens, from June 2015 to June 2017. Coccus pseudomagnoliarum is a univoltine, viviparous, parthenogenetic species. It overwintered as settled 1st instar nymph on the shoots of the trees. The 2nd instar nymphs appeared between the beginning of April and the end of May, and the mature females were recorded from the beginning of May until the middle of June. The crawlers appeared between the middle of May and the middle of June and the 1st instar nymphs settled on the shoots at the end of May, where they remained during the whole summer period, winter, until the beginning of April next year. Parasitism of the scale was recorded between the beginning of May and the middle of May and reached a maximum rate of 35%. The recorded parasitoid species were Coccophagus shillongensis Hayat and Singh (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Coccophagus spp. and Metaphycus dispar (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae).

A taxonomic review of the Crypticerya species (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae) of the southwestern United States and Mexico, including description of a new species from Baja California

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1759 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CORINNE M. UNRUH
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

A recent phylogenetic study of the scale insect tribe Iceryini (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae) based on morphological and molecular data led to a revised generic classification, including redefinition of three genera, one of which was Crypticerya Cockerell. The new concept of Crypticerya encompasses 22 described species, all of which are found in the New World. Nine species are scattered throughout the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. Here these species are redescribed and one new species, Crypticerya bursera sp.nov. is described from Baja California, Mexico. The adult female and first-instar nymph are illustrated for nine of the 10 species. A key to the adult females of the southwestern species and morphologically similar species of Crypticerya is provided.

Description of a new pest species of Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae) on mango from Thailand, and a key to species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1045 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKUMASA KONDO ◽  
MICHAEL L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Instar ◽  
A New Species ◽  
New Pest

The adult female and first-instar nymph of a new species of soft scale insect, Hemilecanium mangiferae Kondo & Williams sp. nov., are described and illustrated. This species was collected on the trunk and branches of mango, Mangifera indica L., in Nakhon Pathom and Sukhothai Provinces, Thailand. The insect can cause serious damage by depleting the host sap and by producing large amounts of honeydew on which sooty molds grow. Damage was severe on the local mango cultivar, Nam DokMai. Also included are a revised diagnosis of the genus, a revised key to the adult females of the five species currently placed in the genus, and a key to the known firstinstar nymphs.La hembra adulta y la ninfa del primer estadio de una nueva especie de escama blanda, Hemilecanium mangiferae Kondo & Williams sp. nov., se describe e ilustra. Esta especie fue colectada en el tronco y ramas del mango: Mangifera indica L. en las provincias de Nakhon Pathom y Sukhothai, Tailandia. Este insecto puede causar daños severos al mango deprivando el árbol de savia, y produciendo gran cantidad de melado cual induce el crecimiento de fumaginas. El daño fue más severo en un cultivar local conocido como Nam Dokmai. Tambien se incluyen una diagnosis revisada para el género, una clave revisada para las hembras adultas de las cinco especies actualmente incluidas en el género, más una clave para las ninfas del primer estadio conocidas.

Cissococcus Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), a unique gall-inducing soft scale genus on Vitaceae from South Africa, with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2996 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. HODGSON ◽  
I. M. MILLAR ◽  
P. J. GULLAN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
First Instar ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gall Induction ◽  
A New Species

The gall-inducing genus Cissococcus Cockerell is revised to include two species. The family placement of Cissococcus has been uncertain, but characters of the first-instar nymph and adult male clearly show that Cissococcus is a soft scale insect (Coccidae) and is therefore the only member of the Coccidae known to induce a complex covering gall. All stages of the type species, C. fulleri Cockerell, are described and illustrated, plus the adult and third-instar female and first-instar nymph of a new, closely-related species, C. braini Hodgson & Millar sp. n. Both species are known only from wild vines in the southeast and C. fulleri also in the northeast of South Africa, but each induces a unique gall and each appears to be restricted to a different species of Rhoicissus (Vitaceae). The galls of each species are described and figured, and gall induction in the Coccidae is briefly discussed.

A new parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) of a soft scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
S.N. Myartseva ◽  
D.A. García-Guerrero ◽  
E. Ruíz-Cancino ◽  
J.M. Coronado-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
The State ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Soft Scale

A new aphelinid species, Mexidalgus veracruzanus sp. nov., was reared from Mesolecanium mayteni (Hempel, 1900) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from the State of Veracruz, Mexico. This coccid species, previously known only from Brazil, is a new record for Mexico and a new host for the aphelinid genus Mexidalgus Myartseva, 2014.

scholarly journals Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) a fir scale insect useful to apiculture in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Santas
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Nymphal Instar ◽  
Abies Cephalonica ◽  
First Instar ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece

Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) is an important honeydew producing scale insect useful to apiculture. It lives mainly on Abies cephalonica Loud. and to a lesser degree on Abies borisii regis Mattf. These fir trees exist in most fir forests of Greece. It has one generation per year. Overwintering takes place in the second instar nymph. The female overwinters under the bud scales of the forks of the fir host and the male on the needles. Adults appear in spring and crawlers in July. In August the population consists mainly of first instar nymphs. The second instar nymphs start to appear in August and by late October the whole population is at the second nymphal instar, which is the overwintering one. The insect occurs in the fir forests of Greece every year but its population level fluctuates, due to weather conditions and biological factors (parasites, predators). The coexistence on the same host plant of P. hemicryphus with the scale Eulecanium sericeum (Lindiger) and the aphid Milldams abietinus (Koch) prevents the visit of honeybees to fir trees. On the other hand it favours the augmentation of the P. hemicryphus population. Four parasites were found, from which the Encyrtidae Pseudorhopus testaceus (Razz.) and Microterus lunatus (Dalman), are recorded for the first time in Greek fauna.

scholarly journals A new ortheziid (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from Australia associated with Acropyga myops Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and a key to Australian Ortheziidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1946 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN S. LAPOLLA ◽  
CHRIS BURWELL ◽  
SEÁN G. BRADY ◽  
DOUGLASS R. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Anal Ring

A peculiar new genus of Ortheziidae is described from Queensland, Australia. Acropygorthezia williamsi LaPolla & Miller, n. gen. & sp. was discovered in two localities in the nests of Acropyga myops. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the adult female, adult male, first-instar nymph, prepupa, and pupa; descriptions only are provided for the secondand third-instar nymphs. Prior to this study, Acropyga ants were known to enter into trophobiotic relationships only with mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Therefore, this study represents the first non-mealybug association between a scale insect and Acropyga. The new ortheziid genus has a number of unusual morphological attributes: no definite wax plates; no ovisac; an anal ring lacking setae and pores, located dorsally in the middle of the abdomen; simple, large metasternal and mesosternal apophyses; numerous spines over the body, and various instars that are so similar that they are difficult to separate. These characteristics may represent adaptations to its relationship with ants. A key is provided to the Australian Ortheziidae.

Scale insect fauna (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of New Zealand’s pygmy mistletoes (Korthalsella: Viscaceae) with description of three new species: Leucaspis albotecta, L. trilobata (Diaspididae) and Eriococcus korthalsellae (Eriococcidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2644 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSA C. HENDERSON ◽  
AMIR SULTAN ◽  
ALASTAIR W. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Black Scale ◽  
Three New Species

The scale insect fauna recorded on the pigmy mistletoe genus Korthalsella (Viscaceae) and New Zealand’s loranthaceous mistletoes is reviewed. Three new species from New Zealand discovered on Korthalsella species during this study are described: the adult female, 2nd-instar male and female nymphs of two pupillarial species Leucaspis albotecta sp. nov. and Leucaspis trilobata sp. nov. (Diaspididae); and the adult female, 2nd-instar male and female nymphs and 1st-instar nymph of Eriococcus korthalsellae sp. nov. (Eriococcidae). A distribution map is provided for the three new species. We report the first records of adventive (exotic) scale insects on Korthalsella species in New Zealand – Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio, Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, soft brown scale, Saissetia coffeae (Walker), hemispherical scale, S. oleae (Olivier), black scale (Coccidae), and Aspidiotus nerii Bouché, oleander scale, Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret), latania scale, H. rapax (Comstock), greedy scale (Diaspididae), while three native scale insects are also first records: Kalasiris perforata (Maskell) (Coccidae), Eriococcus pallidus Maskell (Eriococcidae) and Paracoccus glaucus (Maskell) (Pseudococcidae). Ten scale insect species are listed for New Zealand’s loranthaceous mistletoes.

Archaeococcoid scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from the tropical high mountains of the Andean Cordillera, South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2300 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
IMRE FOLDI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
First Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Adult Females

The diversity of the archaeococcoid scale insect fauna in the Cordillera of the Andes, particularly the páramos, was studied in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. The páramos is an ecosystem in the tropical high mountains, where the temperature alternates between freezing at night and thawing during the day. Within this habitat, two new genera and several new species and new country records were discovered and are described and illustrated below. Thus, at 4200 m in the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela, a new monophlebid genus, Corandesia Foldi n. gen., is erected for C. kozári Foldi n. sp. (Monophlebidae) based on the adult female. The genus Paramoandesia Foldi n. gen. (Monophlebidae) is erected for P. colombiensis Foldi n. sp. from 4200 m in Colombia, based on the adult female and male and for P. ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. from 4100 m in Ecuador, based on the adult females. These three new species were found on Espeletia spp. (Asteraceae) in the páramos and, although living in the typically harsh environmental conditions of this habitat, do not appear to have developed special protective structures, although they have probably developed physiological adaptations and appear to exploit the protection afforded by the microhabitat at the base of large, dense leaves of their host plant. In addition, at 2000 m near Mérida, another monophlebid, Crypticerya abrahami (Newstead) was collected, previously only known from Guyana, and redescribed here based on the adult female and first-instar nymph. The adult and preadult females of Mimosicerya williamsi Foldi n. sp. (Coelostomidiidae) from 2500 m in Venezuela are described and illustrated. In addition, Platycoelostoma rauppi Foldi n. sp. (Callipappidae), a hypogeal species found on the roots of alfalfa in the mountains around Cusco, Peru, is described based on the adult female. This is the first record of a member of the Callipapidae from South America, as Platycoelostoma Morrison was previously believed to be restricted to Australia and to New Zealand. A taxonomic key to genera based on the adult females of Coelostomidiidae in the Neotropics is provided and, also keys to the adult females of species of Mimosicerya Cockerell (Coelostomidiidae), Paramoandesia (Monophlebidae) and to Platycoelostoma (Callipappidae).Les Archaeococcoides de la Cordillère des Andes de Colombie, de l’Equateur, du Pérou et du Venezuela sont analysés. Dans les páramos étudiés, un écosystème de haute montagne où les températures nuit-jour alternent entre congélation et décongélation, deux nouveau genres et plusieurs espèces nouvelles ont été découverts. Ainsi, dans les páramos de la Cordillère de Mérida, Venezuela, 4200 m, Corandesia Foldi n. gen. est créé pour l’espèce C. kozári Foldi n. sp. fondée sur l’adulte femelle. (Monophlebidae). Paramoandesia Foldi n. gen. est créé pour les espèces P. colombiensis Foldi n. sp. de Colombie, 4200 m, description fondée sur les adultes femelle et mâle et P. ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. de l’Equateur, 4100 m, (Monophlebidae). Les espèces des páramos furent toutes collectées sur Espeletia spp. (Asteraceae) et, bien que vivant dans des conditions d’environnement extrêmes, elles n’ont cependant pas de structure de protection, mais ont développé probablement une adaptation physiologique, exploitent de plus l’effet protecteur du microclimat offert par les bases des larges feuilles de leurs plantes-hôtes. A une altitude inférieure près de Mérida au Venezuela, vers 2000 m, Crypticerya abrahami (Newstead) autre Monophlebidae, a été collectée, alors qu’elle n’était connue que de Guyana est redécrite fondée sur l’adulte femelle et de la première stade larvaire. Adulte et préadulte femelle de Mimosicerya williamsi Foldi n. sp. (Coelostomididae) du Venezuela, 2500 m, sont décrites et illustrées. Au Pérou, Platycoelostoma rauppi Foldi n. sp. (Callipappidae), espèce hypogée trouvée sur les racines de Medicago sativa, sur les montagnes environnantes de Cusco, décrite fondée sur l’adulte femelle. Il s’agit de la première découverte d’un membre de la famille des Callipappidae en Amérique du Sud, le genre Platycoelostoma Morrison étant jusqu’à présent considéré comme restreint à l’Australie et à la Nouvelle-Zélande. Une clef taxonomique fondée sur les adultes femelles est proposée pour les genres néotropicaux de Coelostomidiidae, ainsi que pour les espèces des genres Mimosicerya Cockerell (Coelostomidiidae), Paramoandesia (Monophlebidae), et Platycoelostoma Morrison (Callipappidae).

Neuronal and Extraneuronal Uptake of 3H-Norepinephrine in the Heart of the Active Bat: An Electron Microscopic Radioautographic Study

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
Martin Hagopian ◽  
Michael D. Gershon ◽  
Eladio A. Nunez
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Extraneuronal Uptake ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cardiac Tissues ◽  
High Affinity

The ability of cardiac tissues to take up norepinephrine from an external medium is well known. Two mechanisms, called Uptake and Uptake respectively by Iversen have been differentiated. Uptake is a high affinity system associated with adrenergic neuronal elements. Uptake is a low affinity system, with a higher maximum rate than that of Uptake. Uptake has been associated with extraneuronal tissues such as cardiac muscle, fibroblasts or vascular smooth muscle. At low perfusion concentrations of norepinephrine most of the amine taken up by Uptake is metabolized. In order to study the localization of sites of norepinephrine storage following its uptake in the active bat heart, tritiated norepinephrine (2.5 mCi; 0.064 mg) was given intravenously to 2 bats. Monoamine oxidase had been inhibited with pheniprazine (10 mg/kg) one hour previously to decrease metabolism of norepinephrine.

Prothrombin Evaluation as Obtained by Kinetics Studies of Antigen-Antibody Reaction in a Laser Nephelometer

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (01) ◽  
pp. 015-018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Girolami ◽  
A Sticchi ◽  
R Melizzi ◽  
L Saggin ◽  
G Ruzza
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Cirrhotic Patient ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryLaser nephelometry is a technique which allows the evaluation of the concentration of several serum proteins and clotting factors. By means of this technique it is also possible to study the kinetics of the reaction between antigen and antibody. We studied the kinetics of the reaction between prothrombin and an antiprothrombin antiserum using several prothrombins namely: Prothrombin Padua, prothrombin Molise, which are two congenital dysprothrombinemias, cirrhotic, coumarin or normal prothrombins. Different behaviors in the kinetics of the reactions were shown even when the concentration of prothrombins was about the same in all plasma tested. These differences were analyzed by means of a computer (Apple II 48 RAM) programmed to solve four unknown equations (Rodbard’s equation). From the data so obtained one can see that when voltages at the beginning and at the end of the reaction are in all cases about the same, a clear difference in the time required to reach half the maximum value of the voltage can still be demonstrated. This parameter, which is expressed in minutes, is longer in coumarin and prothrombin Molise than in controls. On the contrary it is shorter in prothrombin Padua and has about the same value of controls in the cirrhotic patient. Moreover the time at which the maximum rate is obtained is longer in coumarin and prothrombin Molise than in controls and shorter in liver cirrhosis and prothrombin Padua. In conclusion data obtained show that coumarin prothrombin behaves in a different way from cirrhotic prothrombin and also that there is a different behaviour between the two congenital dysprothrombinemias.

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