scholarly journals Effects of Strength Training Combined with Specific Plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump height and lower limb strength development in elite male handball players: a case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Mourão ◽  
Eduardo Abade
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Body Fat Content

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of a strength training program combined with specific plyometric exercises on body composition, vertical jump (VJ) height and strength development of lower limbs in elite male handball players. A 12-week program with combined strength and specific plyometric exercises was carried out for 7 weeks. Twelve elite male handball players (age: 21.6 ± 1.73) competing in the Portuguese Major League participated in the study. Besides the anthropometric measurements, several standardized jump tests were applied to assess VJ performance together with the strength development of the lower limbs in an isokinetic setting. No significant changes were found in body circumferences and diameters. Body fat content and fat mass decreased by 16.4 and 15.7% respectively, while lean body mass increased by 2.1%. Despite small significance, there was in fact an increase in squat jump (SJ), counter movement jump (CMJ) and 40 consecutive jumps after the training period (6.1, 3.8 and 6.8%, respectively). After the applied protocol, peak torque increased in lower limb extension and flexion in the majority of the movements assessed at 90°s-1. Consequently, it is possible to conclude that combining general strength-training with plyometric exercises can not only increase lower limb strength and improve VJ performance but also reduce body fat content.

scholarly journals Total Body Fat Content versus BMI in 4-Year-Old Healthy Swedish Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Forsum ◽  
Eva Flinke Carlsson ◽  
Hanna Henriksson ◽  
Pontus Henriksson ◽  
Marie Löf
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
High Body ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Measurement Session ◽  
Total Body

Childhood overweight and obesity, a worldwide problem, is generally identified using BMI (body mass index). However, this application of BMI has been little investigated in children below 5 years of age due to a lack of appropriate methods to assess body composition. Therefore, we used air displacement plethysmography (ADP) to study 4.4-year old boys and girls since this method is accurate in young children if they accept the requirements of the measurement. The purpose was to analyze the relationship between BMI and body fat in these children. Body composition was assessed in 76 (43 boys, 33 girls) of the 84 children brought to the measurement session. Boys and girls contained25.2±4.7and26.8±4.0% body fat, respectively. BMI-based cut-offs for overweight could not effectively identify children with a high body fat content. There was a significant (P<0.001) but weak (r=0.39) correlation between BMI and body fat (%). In conclusion, requirements associated with a successful assessment of body composition by means of ADP were accepted by most 4-year-olds. Furthermore, BMI-based cut-offs for overweight did not effectively identify children with a high body fatness and BMI explained only a small proportion of the variation in body fat (%) in this age group.

scholarly journals Impact of milk and nutrient intake of piglets and sow milk composition on piglet growth and body composition at weaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Kaae Hojgaard ◽  
Thomas Sønderby Bruun ◽  
Peter Kappel Theil
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Piglet Growth

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of milk intake, milk composition, and nutrient intake on piglet growth in lactation and body composition at weaning. To evaluate the body composition of piglets, data from one experiment (44 Danish Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc piglets) were used to develop prediction equations for body pools of fat, protein, ash, and water based on live weight and deuterium dilution space (exp. 1). Furthermore, a total of 294 piglets (Danish Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) from 21 sows of second parity were included in a second experiment (exp. 2). In exp. 2, piglet live weight was recorded on days 3, 10, 17, and 25 of lactation. On the same days, the milk intake and body composition were measured, using the deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution technique. Piglet weight gain was highly positively correlated with the intake of milk and the intake of milk constituents each week and on an overall basis having r values ranging from 0.65 to 0.93 (P &lt; 0.001). When evaluating regressions for piglet growth, the milk intake in combination with the milk protein concentration explained 85% and 87% of the total variation in piglet gain in the second and third week of lactation, respectively, whereas milk intake was the only predictor of piglet gain in the first week of lactation explaining 81% of the variation. Fat, protein, and energy retention rates were all highly positively correlated with the daily intake of milk and intake of milk nutrients with r values ranging from 0.76 to 0.94 (P &lt; 0.001). Piglet gain and retention rates were rather weakly correlated with the milk composition with r values ranging from 0.01 to 0.50 (being either negative or positive). Curvilinear response curves were fitted for live weight gain and body fat content at weaning in response to milk protein concentration, showing that live weight gain was slightly greater and body fat content was slightly lower at 4.9% milk protein, but it should be emphasized that the quadratic effects did not reach significance. Body fat content at weaning was positively related with the intake of milk (R2 = 0.44, P &lt; 0.001) and milk fat (R2 = 0.46, P &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, milk intake had a major impact on the piglet growth rate, and milk fat intake greatly influenced the body fat percentage at weaning, whereas milk composition per se only played a minor role for these traits.

Validation and calibration of DEXA body composition in mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. E454-E459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brommage
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Measured Ratio ◽  
Tissue Contents ◽  
Selection Of

Validated methods of determining murine body composition are required for studies of obesity in mice. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) provides a noninvasive approach to assess body fat and lean tissue contents. Similar to DEXA analyses in other species, body fat measurements in mice show acceptable precision but suffer from poor accuracy. Because fat and lean tissues each contain various components, these inaccuracies likely result from selection of inappropriate calibration standards. Analysis of solvents showed that the PIXImus2 DEXA gave results consistent with theoretical calculations. Male mice weighing 26-60 g and having body fat percentages ranging from 3 to 49% were analyzed by both PIXImus2 DEXA and chemical carcass analysis. DEXA overestimated mouse fat content by an average of 3.3 g, and algorithms were generated to calculate body fat from both measured body fat values and the measured ratio of high- to low-energy X-ray attenuations. With calibration to mouse body fat content measured by carcass analysis, the PIXImus2 DEXA gives accurate body composition values in mice.

scholarly journals A pilot study of temsirolimus and body composition.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13534-e13534
Author(s):  
Heloisa Veasey Rodrigues ◽  
Henrique Afonseca Parsons ◽  
Filip Janku ◽  
Aung Naing ◽  
Jennifer J. Wheler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Composition Changes

e13534 Background: Body weight and composition play a role in cancer etiology, prognosis and treatment response. Temsirolimus is an mTor inhibitor that can cause weight loss. Therefore, we analyzed weight, body composition changes and outcome in patients treated with temsirolimus. Methods: Sixteen patients with advanced solid tumors who participated in a trial with temsirolimus were studied; body composition was evaluated utilizing computerized tomography (CT) images. Sarcopenia was defined (CT-based criteria) as skeletal muscle index lower than 38.5cm2/m2 for women and 52.4cm2/m2 for men. Results: Five of 16 patients (31%) were men; median age, 60 years. There were no overall significant changes in weight, body mass index and body composition parameters after two months. Baseline sarcopenia was present in 44% (7/16) of patients. Fatigue, anemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were common. Baseline sarcopenia and body composition did not correlate with worse toxicity or treatment outcome. However, there was significantly greater loss in the composite body fat content for patients with grade 3 or 4 toxicities versus those with grade 1 and 2 toxicities (p=0.007). There was a trend towards loss of body fat content for progressors versus those with stable disease/partial response (SD/PR)(p=0.08), and loss of body muscle content for the SD/PR group versus progressors (p=0.07). Conclusions: Patients with higher grade toxicities had a greater loss of body fat content, and patients with SD/PR showed a trend to loss of body muscle content as compared to those with progression, suggesting an end-organ metabolic effect of temsirolimus.

scholarly journals Effect of Eight-Week Training Programme on V02 Max and Body Composition

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Ruby HUSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of the study was to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (V02 max) and the body fat content in Malaysian national junior netball players and the impact of an eight-week aerobic and strength-training programme on these two variables. A total of 21 netball players (mean age of 16.12±1.55 years old) from Bukit Jalil Sports School were the subjects used. The 12-minute Run was used to determine the V02 max while the body composition was calculated using the skinfold method. Pre-test and post-test results showed significant improvement in the V02 max and body fat content among the netball players. The Z value for the V02 max test was -3.25 (p

scholarly journals Relationship between body composition and physical capacities in junior soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Zanini ◽  
Augusto Kuipers ◽  
Indianara Vicini Somensi ◽  
Jonathan Filipe Pasqualotto ◽  
Julia de Góis Quevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Physical Capacities

Abstract The number of studies related to soccer has been growing exponentially in the last years because the modality is considered the most popular in the world. It is known that the development of some specific physical capacities, even in young individuals, is essential to high-level performance and these capacities might be related to anthropometrics variables. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between body composition and physical capacities in young soccer players. Study participants were athletes from junior categories (under-12 and under-13) belonging to the Soccer Association of Chapecó, Brazil.. Athletes were submitted to agility, (Illinois), vertical jump (Sargent Jump), aerobic condition (TCAR), flexibility and sit-and-reach (Wells Bench) tests, as well as anthropometric assessment. All procedures were performed at UNOESC campus, Chapecó. Statistical analysis consisted of the Spearman’s Rô test, measuring the correlation among variables, additionally, significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. Results showed significantly correlation in agility (p=0.000; ρ=0.530) and vertical jump tests (p=0.003; ρ=-0.437) with body fat percentage. It was concluded that there is relationship between body fat percentage and agility and explosive power of lower limbs.

scholarly journals Beziehung zwischen mittels Dualenergie-Röntgenabsorptiometrie bestimmter Körperzusammensetzung und Fruchtbarkeit von Jungsauen

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-574
Author(s):  
H. Hoffschulte ◽  
A. M. Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Title of the paper: Relationship between body composition measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and reproduction performance in gilts This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between body composition and reproduction traits in gilts. A number of 176 gilts of different genotypes were categorized in three different groups. Group 0 consists of gilts that were disqualified for breeding according performance test results or showed no occurrence of oestrus. Group 1 consists of all gilts, which farrowed after an artificially insemination. Group 2 was composed of gilts that were artificially inseminated but did not give birth to a litter. Body composition was determined in vivo using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry at a live weight of about 90 kg. Initial reproduction data from group 1 were also evaluated. Results of the performance test showed considerable variation among the different groups. Group 1 was significantly heavier and the daily gain was significantly higher than in group 0. However, results of breeding index and value were clearly below the results of the other two groups. The body fat content was significantly higher in gilts with a litter (>1.65 absolutely) than in gilts without a litter (group 2) and in disqualified gilts (group 0). Group 2 gilts showed the smallest body fat mass. However, the relation between DXA fat percentage and litter size for group 1 showed in tendency that the litter size might decrease with an increasing fat content of gilts. Therefore, an optimum body fat content for conventional breeding gilts of European or American origin needs to be determined for a maximum fertility.

scholarly journals Once-Weekly Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Increases Strength, Stability and Body Composition in Amateur Golfers. A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5628
Author(s):  
Carina Zink-Rückel ◽  
Matthias Kohl ◽  
Sebastian Willert ◽  
Simon von Stengel ◽  
Wolfgang Kemmler
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Habitual Activity ◽  
Body Fat Content

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), an innovative training technology, is considered as a joint-friendly, highly customizable and particularly time-effective option for improving muscle strength and stability, body composition and pain relief. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 16 weeks of once-weekly WB-EMS on maximum isometric trunk (MITS), leg extensor strength (MILES), lean body mass (LBM) and body-fat content. A cohort of 54 male amateur golfers, 18 to 70 years old and largely representative for healthy adults, were randomly assigned to a WB-EMS (n = 27) or a control group (CG: n = 27). Bipolar low-frequency WB-EMS combined with low-intensity movements was conducted once per week for 20 min at the participants’ locations, while the CG maintained their habitual activity. The intention to treat analysis with multiple imputation was applied. After 16 weeks of once-weekly WB-EMS application with an attendance rate close to 100%, we observed significant WB-EMS effects on MITS (p < 0.001), MILES (p = 0.001), LBM (p = 0.034), but not body-fat content (p = 0.080) and low-back pain (LBP: p ≥ 0.078). In summary, the commercial setting of once-weekly WB-EMS application is effective to enhance stability, maximum strength, body composition and, to a lower extent, LBP in amateur golfers widely representative for a healthy male cohort.

Can Obesity Be Controlled?

Physiology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
DJ Flint ◽  
CE Futter ◽  
M Peaker
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Body Fat Content

Antibodies to fat cell membranes have major effects on fat depots and body composition. In rats the use of such antibodies has resulted in a 30% reduction in body fat content. The success of this novel approach has major implications for the meat industry and may lead to a new approach to the control of human obesity.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Characteristics of Spanish Professional Basketball Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Vaquera ◽  
Santiago Santos ◽  
José Gerardo Villa ◽  
Juan Carlos Morante ◽  
Vicente García-Tormo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Elite Level

AbstractThe study of elite basketball players’ anthropometric characteristics alongside those of body composition contributes significantly to their profiling as professional athletes and plays an important role in the selection process, as these characteristics can have a significant impact on performance. In the current study, 110 professional basketball players from a series of Spanish professional Leagues (ACB, LEB and EBA) and youth level National Teams (U20 and U18) had their anthropometric profiles measured and compared to determine differences between them. Furthermore, all 110 players were divided into three different categories according to their playing position: guards, forwards and centres. The results obtained show no significant differences between players in different competitions in weight, height and the sum of skinfolds. Nonetheless, there were several differences related to body fat content (13.03% in ACB players and 10.52% in the lower categories and National Teams). There were also several differences found between the different playing positions amongst all playing levels in body mass (79.56 ± 2.41, 91.04 ± 1.51 and 104.56 ± 1.73 kg), height (182.28 ± 0.96, 195.65 ± 1.00 and 204.08 ± 0.67 cm), skinfold distribution and perimeters. However, there were no significant differences in body fat content between the different playing positions. The conclusions obtained from this study provide a better understanding to basketball specialists regarding the selection process of players at the elite level, especially on the transition from youth elite programs to men’s elite leagues.

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