scholarly journals Anthroponyms from the pragmatic and communication perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Jana Sokolová
Keyword(s):  
Model Theory ◽  
Oral Discourse ◽  
Dialogic Communication ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Interaction Processes ◽  
Verbal Behaviour ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Concrete Language

Abstract The aim of this paper is to extend the model theory and the modeling of onymic signs by V. Blanár by a new pragmatic-communicative dimension. The central motive of the paper is the possibilities and limits of use of personal names in dialogic communication from the perspective of the speaker, and taking into account the addressee who, being a semantic-pragmatic and communication partner/interlocutor of the speaker, receives the locutionary and illocutionary components of discourse, addresses the meaning the speaker attributed to the generated oral discourse, and analyzes the pragmatically charged knowledge that has been transmitted/received during the interaction processes. The author will focus on the functional availability of anthroponyms in the locutionary and non-locutionary intersubjectivity. Both happen on the speaker – addressee axis, with the anthroponyms (i) identifying the speaker and/or (ii) identifying or contacting the addressee in the locutionary intersubjectivity, and indicating another bearer in the non-locutionary intersubjectivity. The identity of the bearer is either confirmed or contradicted by the speaker. Through the using of his/her proper name, the speaker also signals whether or not the bearer of the name belongs to his/her personal sphere. Using concrete language material, the author intends to verify the applicability of anthroponyms with regard to the communication flexibility of the speaker, respect for the rules of cultural partnership in communication and some leeway in the knowledge requirements and expectations toward the addressee, since cooperation and courtesy involving empathy, respect, tactfulness and solidarity are the presumed components of verbal behaviour of both interlocutors.

DIRECTIONS OF ASSOCIATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONAL NAMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Olena Karpenko ◽  
Tetiana Stoianova
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
The Brain

The article is devoted to the study of personal names from a cognitive point of view. The study is based on the cognitive concept that speech actually exists not in the speech, not in linguistic writings and dictionaries, but in consciousness, in the mental lexicon, in the language of the brain. The conditions for identifying personal names can encompass not only the context, encyclopedias, and reference books, but also the sound form of the word. In the communicative process, during a free associative experiment, which included a name and a recipient’s mental lexicon. The recipient was assigned a task to quickly give some association to the name. The aggregate of a certain number of reactions of different recipients forms the associative field of a proper name. The associative experiment creates the best conditions for identifying the lexeme. The definition of a monosemantic personal name primarily includes the search of what it denotes, while during the process of identifying a polysemantic personal name recipients tend have different reactions. Scientific value is posed by the effect of the choice of letters for the name, sound symbolism, etc. The following belong to the generalized forms of identification: usage of a hyperonym; synonyms and periphrases or simple descriptions; associations denoting the whole (name stimulus) by reference to its part (associatives); cognitive structures such as “stimulus — association” and “whole (stimulus) — part (associative)”; lack of adjacency; mysterious associations. The topicality of the study is determined by its perspective to identify the directions of associative identification of proper names, which is one of the branches of cognitive onomastics. The purpose of the study is to identify, review, and highlight the directions of associative identification of proper names; the object of the research is the names in their entirety and variety; its subject is the existence of names in the mental lexicon, which determines the need for singling out the directions for the associative identification of the personal names.

scholarly journals Juri Lotman on proper name

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-591
Author(s):  
Ülle Pärli ◽  
Eleonora Rudakovskaja
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Individual System ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Artistic Work ◽  
Moscow School

The article treats the concept of proper name in Juri Lotman’s semiotics, taking into account also studies in the same field by other authors of the Tartu-Moscow school (V. Ivanov, B. Ogibenin, V. Toporov, B. Uspenski). Focus is laid at three sub-topics: name and myth, name and text, name and artistic creation. One of the sources of treating proper name for both the program article by J. Lotman and B. Uspenski (“Myth — Name — Culture”), and works by several other semioticians of the Tartu–Moscow school is confidence in the connection between proper name and mythical (a-semiotic) thought: semiosis equals here with nomination. Proper name plurality, different re-namings affirm the continuing importance of mythical thinking in later culture. Proper names (such as personal names, place names) belong, in addition to natural language, also into a certain individual system, forming thus an interlinguistic layer located on the boundary of language. J. Lotman stresses that art has a specific power of uniting general and proper name (proper name characterized here by individuality, explosiveness). An artistic work is even doubly of proper name character: both the act of creation and its reception are by nature individual and unrepeated. In the opinion of the authors the treatment of proper name by the Tartu-Moscow school contains fruitful and promising standpoints for the analysis of contemporary culture that, however, have been applied unjustifiably little.

scholarly journals The Influence of Anthropomorphism on Giving Personal Names to Objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Serge Brédart
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
General Relationship ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Individual Object ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Proper Name

Some people give a proper name to an owned individual object, such as a car or a computer. The study examined whether giving a proper name to a specific object is associated with object personification, and more specifically, whether object personification is a prerequisite to name giving. The latter question was assessed by asking 130 participants whether, in their adult life, they had ever given a personal name to an object, and if so, whether they had attributed psychological characteristics to that named object. The general relationship between personal name giving and personification was assessed by evaluating whether the scores from a questionnaire on anthropomorphism differed in participants who reported having given a specific name to at least one personal object, compared with those who reported not doing so (Mann-Whitney’s U test). Results showed that the scores from the questionnaire on anthropomorphism were significantly higher for participants who had given specific names to objects than for participants who had not done so. However, object personification was not found to be a prerequisite to name giving. Indeed, about 40 percent of people who reported giving personal names to objects did not attribute psychological qualities to these objects.

scholarly journals Társadalom és névhasználat. Magyar névtani kutatások Szlovákiában

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Bauko
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
History Of ◽  
The High Tatras ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Insight Into

Society and name use. Hungarian onomastic research projects in Slovakia. A summary of a habilitation dissertation The aim of the habilitation dissertation is to provide insight into the Hungarian-related onomastic research projects in Slovakia; into the relationship between society and name use; and into the contact phenomena arising from the connection between the Hungarian and the Slovak languages in the world of proper names. The dissertation consists of ten chapters that are thematically inter-related; however, they discuss the subjects of society and the use of proper names, the name use of Hungarians in Slovakia, the impacts of the Hungarian-Slovak bilingual environment on proper names from various aspects. The chapters also deal with several issues from the history of onomastic scholarship as well as onomastic terminology. The chapters deal with the topics as follows: (1) The place of onomastics in the system of linguistics and co-sciences and a review on the research domains of socio-onomastics focusing on the relations between society and name use; (2) The history of onomastic research projects in Slovakia; (3) A comparison of Hungarian and Slovak (Slavic) onomastic terminology; (4) The characteristics of the minority name policy in Slovakia after the change of the political regime; (5) Proper name standardization and name planning in the native language in Slovakia; (6) The identity-making function of proper names, the relationship between name and identity; (7) The change of fashion in giving first names in Slovakia; (8) Contact phenomena in the use of personal names of the Hungarians living in Slovakia; (9) The semiotic landscape of names in the Hungarian-inhabited settlements of Slovakia; (10) The Hungarian–Slovak pairs of mountain names in the High Tatras in the light of bilingualism and translation.

scholarly journals Research on Prussian Proper Names: Baltic and European Context

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Grasilda Blažienė
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
European Context ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Baltic Proper ◽  
East Prussia ◽  
Written Sources

Research on Prussian Proper Names: Baltic and European Context The language of the Prussian land speaks about the autochthons of that land, the Old Prussians, about the historical processes of the origin, use and change of proper names, and about the development of the region. The newcomers of the Teutonic Order in the Prussian lands found a myriad of Prussian personal names of the inhabitants of those lands and the place names which were recorded by the scribes of the Order representing a strict chancellery structure. The principle of historical onomastics is, fi rst of all, to collect proper names recorded over centuries and to explain them. We should not disregard the fact that when explaining Prussian proper names, we can only refer to written sources, and they cannot be verifi ed by means of the present-day forms of pronunciation, because there are simply no such forms. Prussian toponyms and anthroponyms reached our days already infl uenced by the neighbouring languages, and we had to restore their authentic forms. Prussian proper names were germanized, polonized and also aff ected by the Lithuanian language. The research of historical onomastics pays special attention to the collection of material as such data are the major grounds for explaining the origin of proper names. The analysis of Prussian names of settlements requires a presentation of the context in which a specifi c proper name was mentioned. Prussian proper names constitute the part of Baltic proper names, which was the fi rst to draw the attention of researchers; two-fold changes occurred in the second half of the 20th century: fi rst, the collection and publication of the proper names of other Baltic languages increased; second, a number of Prussian proper names, not recorded by previous researchers of Prussian proper names, were found. Later, researchers found several hundred of new onyms of former East Prussia that were not included in scientifi c circulation. The abovementioned motives and the growing interest in the studies of the Prussian language as well as the careful attention of such linguists as Toporov, to Prussian proper names determined the revival of the research on Prussian proper names. The research chronology, which now covers the 16th-18th centuries as well, was also expanded. One of the contemporary functions of every branch of science is to enrich and activate other branches by its specifi c conclusions. In the case con cerned, the present paper can contribute to research of pre-history and regional history.

Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Ball ◽  
Joanne Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Communication Impairment ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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