scholarly journals Antioxidant enzyme activities in rabbits under oxidative stress induced by high fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Skowron ◽  
Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka ◽  
Urszula Błaszczyk ◽  
Ewa Chwalińska ◽  
Aleksander Owczarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Total Superoxide Dismutase

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the type and form of oil (raw/non-oxidised (N) or post-frying/oxidised (O)) consumed in high-fat diets affect the oxidative status of an organism, as observed by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as an oxidative factor and antioxidant enzyme activity.Material and MethodsFats in the diet came from rapeseed oil (R) and olive oil (O).ResultsThe applied diet caused a decrease in MDA concentration (μmol/L) in serum in group RN from 2.94 ± 0.87 to 1.76 ± 0.13, in group ON from 2.45 ± 0.62 to 1.50 ± 0.10, and in group OO from 2.70 ± 1.16 to 1.84 ± 0.36. Meanwhile, MDA concentration (mmol/L) increased in blood haemolysate in group RO from 0.15 ± 0.07 to 0.22 ± 0.03 and in group OO from 0.17 ± 0.02 to 0.22 ± 0.02. The observed changes caused a response of the enzymatic antioxidant system in both models, especially followed by an increase in activities of total superoxide dismutase and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in all experimental groups, while its cytosolic isoenzyme activity increased only in ON and OO groups. Increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in groups RN and RO and of catalase (CAT) in groups ON and OO was observed. Significant differences in responses to the different types and forms of oils were probably caused by the different oxidative stability of the studied oils.ConclusionThis diet disturbed the body’s oxidative status; however, during the six-month study the enzymatic antioxidant system remained effective.

The pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) and its oil and polyphenolic fractions differentially modulate lipid metabolism and the antioxidant enzyme activities in rats fed high-fat diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús A. Domínguez-Avila ◽  
Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla ◽  
José A. López-Díaz ◽  
Ignacio E. Maldonado-Mendoza ◽  
María del Consuelo Gómez-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Mifepristone Increases Life Span of Virgin Female Drosophila on Regular and High-fat Diet Without Reducing Food Intake

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary N. Landis ◽  
Tyler A. U. Hilsabeck ◽  
Hans S. Bell ◽  
Tal Ronnen-Oron ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Transcriptomics Data ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Increased Activity

Background: The synthetic steroid mifepristone is reported to have anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in mammals on normal and high-fat diets (HFD). We previously reported that mifepristone blocks the negative effect on life span caused by mating in female Drosophila melanogaster.Methods: Here we asked if mifepristone could protect virgin females from the life span-shortening effect of HFD. Mifepristone was assayed for effects on life span in virgin females, in repeated assays, on regular media and on media supplemented with coconut oil (HFD). The excrement quantification (EX-Q) assay was used to measure food intake of the flies after 12 days mifepristone treatment. In addition, experiments were conducted to compare the effects of mifepristone in virgin and mated females, and to identify candidate mifepristone targets and mechanisms.Results: Mifepristone increased life span of virgin females on regular media, as well as on media supplemented with either 2.5 or 5% coconut oil. Food intake was not reduced in any assay, and was significantly increased by mifepristone in half of the assays. To ask if mifepristone might rescue virgin females from all life span-shortening stresses, the oxidative stressor paraquat was tested, and mifepristone produced little to no rescue. Analysis of extant metabolomics and transcriptomics data suggested similarities between effects of mifepristone in virgin and mated females, including reduced tryptophan breakdown and similarities to dietary restriction. Bioinformatics analysis identified candidate mifepristone targets, including transcription factors Paired and Extra-extra. In addition to shortening life span, mating also causes midgut hypertrophy and activation of the lipid metabolism regulatory factor SREBP. Mifepristone blocked the increase in midgut size caused by mating, but did not detectably affect midgut size in virgins. Finally, mating increased activity of a SREBP reporter in abdominal tissues, as expected, but reporter activity was not detectably reduced by mifepristone in either mated or virgin females.Conclusion: Mifepristone increases life span of virgin females on regular and HFD without reducing food intake. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses suggest some similar effects of mifepristone between virgin and mated females, however reduced midgut size was observed only in mated females. The results are discussed regarding possible mifepristone mechanisms and targets.

Non-Fasting Factor VII Coagulant Activity (FVII:C) Increased by High-Fat Diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Bladbjerg ◽  
P Marckmann ◽  
B Sandström ◽  
J Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Amidolytic Activity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

SummaryPreliminary observations have suggested that non-fasting factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) may be related to the dietary fat content. To confirm this, we performed a randomised cross-over study. Seventeen young volunteers were served 2 controlled isoenergetic diets differing in fat content (20% or 50% of energy). The 2 diets were served on 2 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at 8.00 h, 16.30 h and 19.30 h, and analysed for triglycerides, FVII coagulant activity using human (FVII:C) or bovine thromboplastin (FVII:Bt), and FVII amidolytic activity (FVIPAm). The ratio FVII:Bt/FVII:Am (a measure of FVII activation) increased from fasting levels on both diets, but most markedly on the high-fat diet. In contrast, FVII: Am (a measure of FVII protein) tended to decrease from fasting levels on both diets. FVII:C rose from fasting levels on the high-fat diet, but not on the low-fat diet. The findings suggest that high-fat diets increase non-fasting FVII:C, and consequently may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document