scholarly journals Porcine enteric coronavirus infections in wild boar in Poland – a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Antas ◽  
Monika Olech ◽  
Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Provinces Of Poland

Abstract Introduction Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) of the Coronaviridae family causes significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Wild boars contribute to the transmission of different viral, bacterial and parasitic infections to livestock animals and humans. However, their role in the maintenance and transmission of PEDV has not been established. Material and Methods In this study, blood and faecal samples from 157 wild boars were collected from 14 provinces of Poland during the 2017–2018 hunting season. RNA was extracted from the faecal homogenate supernatant and subjected to quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), while clotted blood samples were used for detection of antibodies against PEDV by ELISA. Results Five blood samples (3.2%) were seropositive in ELISA, while none of the faecal samples were found positive using RT-qPCR assays. Conclusion The results of this analysis indicate the need for additional studies incorporating a larger number of samples and preferably comparing different serological methods, to confirm whether wild boars in Poland act as PEDV reservoirs.

scholarly journals Frequency of diarrhoea-associated viruses in swine of various ages in Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Valkó ◽  
András Marosi ◽  
Attila Cságola ◽  
Rózsa Farkas ◽  
Zsuzsanna Rónai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Significant Difference

Enteric viral diseases of swine are one of the most frequent disorders causing huge economic losses in pork production. After the reappearance of an emerging enteropathogen, porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) in Hungary in 2016, an extensive survey was initiated in an attempt to identify diarrhoea-related porcine viruses, including adeno-, astro-, boca-, calici-, circo-, corona-, kobu-, rota- and Torque teno viruses. A total of 384 faecal samples collected during a twoyear period from diarrhoeic and asymptomatic pigs of various ages in 17 farms were screened by conventional and real-time PCR methods. Half of the samples contained at least one examined virus with the dominance of kobuvirus (55.1%) followed by bocaviruses (33.2%) and rotavirus groups A and C together (20.9%), while coronaviruses including PEDV were not found in this set of samples. Statistical analysis showed a highly significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the frequency of single infections compared to mixed ones with the exception of weaned pigs, in which group additionally most viruses were detected. The results of this study suggest that the complexity of this disease may vary with age, which makes the prevention of diarrhoea a challenge, especially in weaned pigs.

scholarly journals Current status of porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) in European pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Marta Antas ◽  
Grzegorz Woźniakowski
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a highly contagious and devastating enteric disease of pigs caused by porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Alphacoronavirus genus of the Coronaviridae family. The disease is clinically similar to other forms of porcine gastroenteritis. Pigs are the only known host of the disease, and the occurrence of PED in wild boars is unknown. The virus causes acute diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality in suckling piglets reaching 100%. Heavy economic losses in the pig-farming industry were sustained in the USA between 2013 and 2015 when PEDV spread very quickly and resulted in epidemics. The loss in the US pig industry has been estimated at almost seven million pigs. The purpose of this review is a description of the current status of porcine epidemic diarrhoea in European pigs and the risk presented by the introduction of PEDV to Poland in comparison to the epidemics in the USA.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) in Poland reveals the presence of swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) sequence in S gene

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258318
Author(s):  
Marta Antas ◽  
Monika Olech ◽  
Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Antigenic Analysis ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a highly contagious enteric viral disease of pigs with a high morbidity and mortality rate, which ultimately results in huge economic losses in the pig production sector. The etiological agent of this disease is the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) which is an enveloped, positive single-stranded RNA virus. The aim of this study was to perform molecular characterization of PEDV to identify the strains circulating in Poland. In this study, 662 faecal samples from 2015 to 2021 were tested with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and the results showed that 3.8% of the tested samples revealed a positive result for PEDV. A phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome and complete S gene sequences showed that Polish PEDV strains belonged to the G1b (S-INDEL) subgroup and were closely related to the European PEDV strains isolated from 2014 to 2019. Furthermore, RDP4 analysis revealed that the Polish PEDV strains harboured a recombinant fragment of ~400 nt in the 5’ end of S gene with PEDV and swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) being the major and minor parents, respectively. Antigenic analysis showed that the aa sequences of neutralizing epitopes were conserved among the Polish PEDV strains. Only one strain, #0100/5P, had a unique substitution in the COE epitope. However, Polish PEDV strains showed several substitutions, especially in the COE antigen, as compared to the classical strain CV777. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the molecular characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus strains, as well as the first phylogenetic analysis for PEDV in Poland.

Effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on the fertility of cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Yavru ◽  
Mehmet Kale ◽  
Mehmet Gulay ◽  
Orhan Yapici ◽  
Oya Bulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Mucous Discharge ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The aim of the present study was to determine the possible relationship between bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus infection and the appearance of cervical mucous discharge (CMD) and the reproductive performance of cows in oestrus. For this purpose, CMD from 97 Holstein cows in oestrus was evaluated visually before artificial insemination (AI). Cows in oestrus were inseminated with frozen semen free from BVD virus (BVDV). Blood samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for antigen (Ag) and antibodies (Ab) of BVDV. The presence of the BVDV genome in cervical mucus samples was tested by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The presence of BVDV Ab, Ag or genome was not associated with abnormal cervical mucous discharge (A-CMD). However, the presence of BVDV Ag (but not of the BVDV Ab) in blood samples was associated with a lower first service conception rate (FSCR; 27.8 vs. 70.9%; P < 0.01), indicating that BVDV viraemia at the time of AI has a negative effect on the fertility of cows.

scholarly journals Were Polish wild boars exposed to Schmallenberg virus?

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kęsik-Maliszewska ◽  
Artur Jabłoński ◽  
Magdalena Larska
Keyword(s):  
Positive Result ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Schmallenberg Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
High Incidence

AbstractIntroduction: A novel to Europe Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes clinical disease manifested by reproduction disorders in farm ruminants. In free-living ruminants, SBV antibodies as well as the virus were detected. Recent studies also revealed SBV antibodies in wild boars. The study investigates SBV antibodies occurring in wild boars in Poland at the peak of recent virus epidemics in the country.Material and Methods: Samples collected from 203 wild boars culled during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 hunting season were serologically tested using multi-species cELISA. Attempted neutralisation tests failed due to poor serum quality. RT-PCR was implemented in seropositive and doubtful animals.Results: Two samples collected from wild boar in the winter of 2013 gave a positive result in ELISA, while another two from the 2012/2013 hunting season were doubtful. No SBV RNA was detected in spleen and liver tissues.Conclusion: Low SBV seroprevalence in wild boars, despite high incidence of SBV infections occurring simultaneously in wild ruminants, suggests that boars are unlikely to be a significant reservoir of the virus in the sylvatic environment in Poland.

scholarly journals Development of rapid immunochromatographic strip test for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (22) ◽  
pp. 596-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Soo Lyoo ◽  
Minjoo Yeom ◽  
Jungho Kim ◽  
Donghyuk Kim ◽  
Gunwoo Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Strip Test

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) causes acute and severe watery diarrhoea and dehydration, as well as 50–100 per cent mortality in piglets. For the PEDV diagnosis, a rapid test kit that is specific and sensitive to PEDV is critical to monitor this disease at pig farms. The present study aimed to develop an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) strip test for detecting PEDV in faecal swabs. The newly developed diagnostic test showed a detection limit of 104.0TCID50/ml of PEDV. Using faecal swab samples, the relative sensitivity and specificity of the ICA kit were 95.0 per cent and 98.6 per cent, respectively, compared with those of real-time RT-PCR. In samples from piglets experimentally infected with PEDV, the results showed 100 per cent agreement with those found by real-time RT-PCR. Our developed test strip will be useful for rapid diagnosis and can be used for epidemiological surveillance of PEDV infection.

scholarly journals Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrica Sozzi ◽  
Andrea Luppi ◽  
Davide Lelli ◽  
Ana Moreno Martin ◽  
Elena Canelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

scholarly journals Development and application of a TaqMan-MGB real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus strains in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xuan Hou ◽  
Chun Xie ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Yu-Ting Zhao ◽  
Yang-Yang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Quantitative Pcr Assay

AbstractIntroduction:A real-time RT-PCR method for identification and quantification of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) strains in China was developed.Material and Methods:Based on the conserved sequence of the PEDV nucleocapsid (N) gene, a primer pair and probe were designed to establish a TaqMan-MGB real-time RT-PCR assay for quantitative detection of the virus. The sequence was cloned into the pMD18-T vector and a series of diluted recombinant plasmids were used to generate a standard curve with an R2 value of 0.999.Results:The developed quantitative PCR assay detected viral titres as low as 0.1 TCID50with high specificity and no cross-reaction with other porcine viruses (PoRV, TGEV, PRRSV, or CSFV). The intra-batch and inter-batch coefficients of variation were both less than 1%, which indicated good reproducibility. Thirty clinical diarrhoea samples obtained from pigs in Shanghai and Fujian were analysed using this quantitative PCR assay. Out of these samples, 93.3% were found to be PEDV positive.Conclusion:This approach is suitable for clinical sample identification and pathogenesis studies.

scholarly journals Food Safety Risks Associated with Hepatitis E Virus Detection in Wild Boar Liver

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Adriana ANITA ◽  
Daniela POREA ◽  
Andreea COZMA ◽  
Dragos ANITA ◽  
Gheorghe SAVUTA
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Wild Boars

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has significantly impacted humans due to its potential to cause acute viral hepatitis. Discovery of hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs and wild boars worldwide and the realization that it is highly prevalent, raised concerns of the implications for food-borne transmission of HEV in Europe. Present work focusses on molecular detection of hepatitis E virus in wild boar liver samples, underlining the possible role of wildlife as a source of HEV transmission to humans. During hunting season 2016-2017, liver samples were collected from 37 wild boars in Iași and Suceava County. All tissues samples were submitted for RNA isolation followed by nested RT-PCR. Genetic characterization of wild boar HEV targeted the structural gene in the ORF2 region of hepatitis E virus genome. After specific amplification by nested RT-PCR of a 348 nt fragment from HEV ORF2, five liver samples positive for hepatitis E virus genotype 3 RNA were identified. In the present study HEV detection in Romanian fresh liver from wild boars highlights the importance of swine as a possible source of foodborne transmission. Moreover, our results along with the reviewed literature data emphasize the necessity of efficient food safety control measures implementation.

scholarly journals First-time detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus, BVDV-1, in cattle in Botswana

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lysholm ◽  
Solomon S. Ramabu ◽  
Mikael Berg ◽  
Jonas J. Wensman
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
First Time

Infectious diseases are serious constraints for improving livestock productivity. Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a virus causing grave economic losses throughout the cattle producing world. Infection is often not apparent, but the virus can also cause respiratory signs, diarrhoea, reproductive problems and immunosuppression. Risk factors for disease transmission include, but are not limited to, herd size, animal trade and grazing on communal pastures. Several prevalence studies have been conducted in southern Africa, but in Botswana the occurrence is largely unknown. In this study, blood samples were obtained from 100 goats from three villages around the capital city, Gaborone. Also, 364 blood samples from cattle around Gaborone, collected as part of another study, were analysed. The detected antibody prevalence was 0% in goats and 53.6% in cattle when using a competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay. Three animals from two different herds were positive for viral nucleic acids on polymerase chain reaction. The two herds with viraemic animals had significantly higher antibody prevalence compared to the other herds. Also, two of the detected viruses were sequenced and found to be most similar to BVDV-1a. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that sequencing has been performed on BVDV isolated in Botswana.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document