scholarly journals Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes): Screening for Coproantigens in a Population of Central Italy and Mini-Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Amerigo Papini ◽  
Ranieri Verin
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
First Time

AbstractGiardia and Cryptosporidium are common protozoan parasites affecting several animal species and humans. The aim of this survey was to investigate, for the first time, their prevalence in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) faecal samples in central Italy. Seventy-one red foxes of different ages and sexes were examined for antigenic detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in fecal samples by means of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic test. The sample was randomly selected from foxes culled during a population control program. They were divided into groups based on sex and age (≤1-year-old and >1-year-old). Five (7%) and one (1.4%) out of 71 fecal samples were positive for the Giardia or Cryptosporidium antigens by immunochromatographic assay, respectively, and no coinfections were observed. The present prevalence rates of Giardia and Cryptosporidium antigens in faeces from V. vulpes suggest that this host species is likely to play only a limited role in the spread of the two protozoa in the study area. A concise review of the literature related to Giardia and Cryptosporidium in V. vulpes is presented.

Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda, Taeniidae) in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Western Ukraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Kharchenko ◽  
Vadim Kornyushin ◽  
Erika Varodi ◽  
Oleksandr Malega
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
First Time

AbstractEchinococcus multilocularis was found for the first time in red foxes in the L’vivska and Volynska regions (Western Ukraine). Prevalence was 36% and intensity was 11–731 parasites. The material was identified as E. multilocularis on morphological characters. It is presumed that this infection of foxes with E. multilocularis occurred locally and, probably, can be considered as a consequence of the expansion of the range of the parasite.

scholarly journals Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in tissues of free-ranging red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Central Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranieri Verin ◽  
Alessandro Poli ◽  
Gaetano Ariti ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Martina Bertuccelli Fanucchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Free Ranging

Molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in wild red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) from Central Italy

Acta Tropica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Virginia Ebani ◽  
Guido Rocchigiani ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Fabrizio Bertelloni ◽  
Violetta Vasta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Red Foxes

scholarly journals Rickettsiae in Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Marbled Polecat (Vormela Peregusna) and Their Ticks in Northwestern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Wenbo Tan ◽  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Wumei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Rickettsia Sibirica ◽  
First Time

Abstract BackgroundPreviously, twelve Rickettsia species were found in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (common pipistrelle: Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks.MethodsDuring 2018-2019, 12 red foxes, 1 marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (northwestern China). The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers.ResultsA total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four H. erinacei ticks were removed from a marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2-32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and H. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in organs of marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings add to the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

Effects of the seasonal availability of short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) on the diet of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) on Phillip Island, Victoria

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kirkwood ◽  
P Dann ◽  
M Belvedere
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Food Items ◽  
European Rabbits ◽  
Puffinus Tenuirostris

The diet of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) on Phillip Island, Victoria, was assessed from the frequency of occurrence and volume of food items in stomachs of foxes killed during a 16-year control program (1983 to 1998). Of the 289 stomachs examined, 244 (85%) contained recognisable food items. Based on frequency of occurrence, the most common prey were short­tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris, 47%), European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, 30%), house mice (Mus musculus, 15%), insects (15%), little penguins (Eudyptula minor, 12%), other birds (12%), sheep (Ovis aries 8%) and black rats (Rattus rattus 5%). The seasonal attendance patterns of P. tenuirostris caused substantial variations in the fox diet. When P. tenuirostris were present, between September and April each year, they were the most common food item, and when absent, they were replaced by rabbits. The sex of foxes did not appear to influence diet, but age did. Juvenile (Rubus fructicosus), than did adult foxes.

scholarly journals Intestinal helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in north-west Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Magi ◽  
L. Guardone ◽  
W. Mignone ◽  
M. C. Prati ◽  
F. Macchioni
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
North West ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Flotation Solution ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

SummaryA total of 180 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from an area scarcely investigated of north-west Italy, were examined for intestinal helminths using sedimentation and counting technique (SCT). Faecal samples were submitted to centrifugation with 50 % zinc sulphate used as flotation solution.No fox was found completely negative for intestinal helminths. The most frequently identified nematodes were Uncinaria stenocephala (70.0 %), Molineus legerae (27.2 %), Toxocara canis (26.7 %), Toxascaris leonina (25.6 %), Trichuris vulpis (21.1 %), Aonchotheca putorii (8.9 %), Pterygodermatites affinis (5.6 %). Genus Mesocestoides (81.7 %), family Dilepididae (29.4 %) and Taenia spp. (8.3 %) were the most prevalent cestodes. All foxes were negative for E. multilocularis and E. granulosus. In two foxes trematodes belonging to the family Plagiorchidae were found.The study highlighted that foxes are hosts of intestinal helminths of veterinary and medical importance which may be transmitted to dogs and humans.

scholarly journals Rickettsiae in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks in northwestern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Wenbo Tan ◽  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Wumei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Rickettsia Sibirica ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lung And Kidney

Abstract Background Previously, twelve Rickettsia species were identified in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks. Methods During 2018–2019, 12 red foxes, one marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of the XUAR. The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA, sca1). Results A total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four Ha. erinacei ticks were removed from the marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2–32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and Ha. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in the organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in the organs of a marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings expand the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Badgers (Meles meles) and Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. H. O’Hagan ◽  
Ana V. Pascual-Linaza ◽  
Catherine Couzens ◽  
Clare Holmes ◽  
Colin Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Impact

Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria can be shared between humans and animals, through food, water, and the environment. Wild animals are not only potential reservoirs of AMR, but are also sentinels mirroring the presence of AMR zoonotic bacteria in the environment. In Northern Ireland, little is known about levels of AMR in bacteria in wildlife, thus the current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AMR bacteria in wildlife using wildlife species from two ongoing surveys as a proxy. Nasopharyngeal swabs and faecal samples from European badgers (Meles meles) (146 faecal samples; 118 nasal samples) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) (321 faecal samples; 279 nasal samples) were collected throughout Northern Ireland and were used to survey for the presence of extended spectrum beta lactamase resistant and AmpC-type beta lactamases Escherichia coli (ESBL/AmpC), Salmonella spp. (only in badgers) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). ESBLs were detected in 13 out of 146 badger faecal samples (8.90%) and 37 out of 321 of fox faecal samples (11.53%), all of them presenting multi-drug resistance (MDR). Fourteen out of 146 (9.59%) badger faecal samples carried Salmonella spp. [S. Agama (n = 9), S. Newport (n = 4) and S. enterica subsp. arizonae (n = 1)]. Overall, AMR was found only in the S. enterica subsp. arizonae isolate (1/14, 7.14%). No MRSA were detected in nasopharyngeal swabs from badgers (n = 118) and foxes (n = 279). This is the first attempt to explore the prevalence of AMR in the two common wildlife species in Northern Ireland. These findings are important as they can be used as a base line for further research exploring the origin of the found resistance. These results should encourage similar surveys where environmental samples are included to bring better understanding of AMR dynamics, and the impact on wildlife, domestic livestock and humans.

Diet Of Foxes And Cats, With Evidence Of Predation On Yellow-Footed Rock-Wallabies (Petrogale Xanthopus Celeris) By Foxes In Southwsetern Queensland.

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Lapidge ◽  
S Henshall
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Feral Animal Control ◽  
Feral Animal

INTRODUCED red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cats (Felis catus) were shot on Lambert, Acton and Caranna Pastoral Stations in southwestern Queensland (25�20'S; 145�24'E) (Fig. 1) as part of a feral animal control program undertaken before and during the experimental reintroduction of yellowfooted rock-wallabies (Petrogale xanthopus celeris) to Lambert Station. Animals were encountered during regular fieldtrip spotlight surveys or as part of a macropod harvesting program. Sixty-eight V. vulpes (20?, 10?, 38 sex unknown) and 32 F. catus (10?, 12?, 10 sex unknown) were shot between February 1998 and October 2000; stomach content analysis was carried out on 27 V. vulpes (18?, 9?) and 23 F. catus (11?, 12?). Animals not sexed or examined were shot in the absence of the first author.

Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from the Carpathian regions of Slovakia and Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Reiterová ◽  
Ewa Dziemian ◽  
Martina Miterpáková ◽  
Daniela Antolová ◽  
Marta Kołodziej-Sobocińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractThe extensive distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis cestode from endemic alpine areas to the parts of Central Europe has been recorded in recent years. The first confirmed finding of E. multilocularis in Slovakia was recorded in 1999 in the area adjacent to the Polish border. At present, this serious zoonosis occurs almost across the whole territory of Slovakia. The occurrence of these tapeworms in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) at the border regions of Slovakia and Poland has been monitored. In these districts, out of 152 faecal samples examined, 36.2% were positive for the coproantigen-ELISA. With the sedimentation and counting technique the prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes was up to 38.8%. The examination of foxes from neighbouring districts revealed worm burden ranging from 1–15,000 specimens, but the majority of animals harboured medium number of tapeworms. In the Small Carpathian and Sub-Carpathian regions of Poland, out of 65 samples examined, 13.8% were coproantigen positive. Using the small intestine scraping method only 6.1% prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes was determined, mostly with a high worm burdens over 1,000 specimens. The results suggest possible transborder transmission of E. multilocularis, the causative agent of serious alveolar echinococcosis.

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