scholarly journals Studies on carcinogenic PAHs emission generated by vehicles and its correlation to fuel and engine types

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaneet Kumar ◽  
N.C. Kothiyal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Automobile Exhaust ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Engine Type

Abstract The objective of this study was to find major PAHs produced in ambient air from the automobile exhaust as a function of fuels (diesel, petrol, and biodiesel) and engine type qualitatively and quantitatively. The recovery range was found between 30% and 70%. The study was carried out on two, three, and four wheelers. Biodiesel samples tested in the study were synthesized indigenously from different starting raw materials and analyzed for PAHs concentration in the exhaust on a Honda genset (EBK 2000AC Model). Biodiesel samples were blended with diesel in different ratio (25:75, 35:65 and 45:55) to investigate the exhaust behavior. Biodiesel was blended with Diesel the concentration of almost all PAHs reduces in comparison to pure Diesel exhaust. B(a)A and B(a) P was the common PAH found in higher concentration in almost all fuels. FTIR results indicate esterification of vegetable oil and NMR results indicate a complete conversion of oils into biodiesel.

Fibrinolytic Activity of the Arterial Wall

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-011 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Onoyama ◽  
K Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

SummaryThe tissue fibrinolysis was studied in 550 specimens of 7 kinds of arteries from 80 fresh cadavers, using Astrup’s biochemical method and Todd’s histochemical method with human fibrinogen.In the microscopically normal aortic wall, almost all specimens had the fibrinolytic activity which was the strongest in the adventitia and the weakest in the media.The fibrinolytic activity seemed to be localized in the endothelium.The stronger activity lay in the adventitia of the aorta and the pulmonary artery and all layers of the cerebral artery.The activity of the intima and media of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to be stronger in the internal carotid artery than in the common carotid artery.Mean fibrinolytic activity of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to decrease with age in the intima and the media of the thoracic aorta and seemed to be low in the cases with a high atherosclerotic index.The fibrinolytic activities of all three layers of the fibrous thickened aorta seemed to decrease, and those of the media and the adventitia of the atheromatous plaque to increase.The fibrinolytic activity of the arterial wall might play some role in the progress of atherosclerosis.

Microbiological analysis of popular spreads used in restaurants inside Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Tasnia Ahmed ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Acceptable Result ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Almost All

Spreads are used widely for making the fast foods more amazing and tasty. Varieties and cross combinations of ingredients are used to make many flavours of fast foods. Different restaurants prepare their signature spreads for attracting people but this can cause opposite result if not prepared using high quality raw materials and proper hygienic conditions are not maintained. Current study was conducted on ten different types of spreads (pesto, cilantro, queso, tomato sauce, peanut butter, honey, mustard, cream cheese, chocolate sauce and butter) which are used by the local restaurants in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Almost all the samples (nine out of ten) harbored total viable bacteria exceeding the standard limit. Four spread samples showed high fungal count (102 cfu/gm). Four samples showed to be positive (˃101/ml recommended acceptable count) for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. which indicates that these spread cannot be recommended for public consumption. Among all the samples examined, only chocolate sauce showed acceptable result without the presence of coliforms, Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. This finding suggests proper maintenance of sanitation in spread preparation and selling area. A proper guidelines and monitoring can help keep up the quality of food additives. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 16-19

scholarly journals Some 'Philosophicall Scribbles' attributed to Robert Hooke

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Robert Hooke ◽  
Separate Sheet ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Among the Hooke manuscripts held in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge, is an undated document of four pages, entitled (on a separate sheet): XVI Philosophicall Scribbles’. We shall offer here an edition of this hitherto unpublished document; its contents will be discussed and compared with Hooke’s published theories of the soul, mind action and memory in his ‘Lectures of light’ (I); and some consideration will be given to the general adequacy of Hooke’s epistemology, as revealed in the ‘Scribbles’ and the ‘Lectures of light’, and its place in history. A transcription of the ‘Philosophicall scribbles’ reads as follows: It has pleased y e al wise contriuer of y e Universe to send man into the world almost/ready tempered,/like a peice of soft wax to receiue those impressions and stamps, which he has though[t] it most conuenient to receiue, though altogether unfit for/some/other perhaps, which his infinite wisdom saw good to w th hold. Those stamps are only of five kinds. And are generally comprisd under one name, to wit The Objects of Sense, /and this ? is calld the common sense,/But this is only that passiue facully [ sic ] w ch this lump or mass of bodys come furnished w th all, w ch is much y e same w th what y e bodys of almost all animalls are as well if not in a better manner endowed.

Epicuticular waxes of the genus Hordeum: a survey of their chemical composition and ultrastructure

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 3219-3226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum ◽  
A. Pat Tulloch ◽  
L. Grant Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
Average Alcohol ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

This study was based on 148 accessions representing 39 species of Hordeum. SEM ultrastructural morphology of waxes was based on individual spikelets, whereas waxes' chemical composition was assessed from whole plants. When all the data, in the form of individual accessions, were subjected to various cluster analyses methods, no groupings were revealed. But when the data were first summarized by species and then subjected to clustering, two polythetic groups of species were detected. Group 1 is characterized by species with 40–60% average alcohol content and by the common presence of diketones, whereas group 2 is characterized by species with 61 – 80% average alcohol content, by the total absence of hydroxy-β-diketone, and almost all species without β-diketone. The chemical data were then subjected to classificatory discriminant analysis to assess if a single previously unclassified accession could be identified into one of the two groupings. The nature of the differences between the two groupings was described by means of a canonical discriminant analysis. Mostly only plates and filaments were detected, and in many accessions the filaments were widened, appeared platelike, and were characteristic for one group. Presence of β-diketone varied within species. Hordeum violaceum was found to be unique in chemical composition.

Känslans platser. Topikerna för pathos i Aristoteles Retoriken

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (78) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Janne Lindqvist
Keyword(s):  
Significant Part ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Our understanding of Aristotle’s Rhetoric is still incomplete and distorted. This is especially true concerning his analysis of the specific topics of pathos that make up a significant part of the second book of the text. Even though this part of the text is almost twice as long as the analysis of the common topics, the discussion has attracted surprisingly small scholarly interest, at least as viewed as an example of a list of topics, as the researchers that have aspired to an understanding of “the topics” as such have almost all ignored this part of the text. The purpose of this essay is to lay out the grounds for such a study. The result of the essay is firstly a distinction between two kinds of specific topics, here somewhat ponderously labeled schematic and concrete specific topics. With these as a starting point it is possible to make a further distinction between three general specific topics here named subject, stimulus and agent. These three schematic topics could, it is finally suggested, be as useful in the 21:st century as they were in an Athens of the 4th century BCE

scholarly journals Water stress indices for the sugarcane crop on different irrigated surfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 925-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo G. Brunini ◽  
José E. P. Turco
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Water Stress Index

ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a crop of vital importance to Brazil, in the production of sugar and ethanol, power generation and raw materials for various purposes. Strategic information such as topography and canopy temperature can provide management technologies accessible to farmers. The objective of this study was to determine water stress indices for sugarcane in irrigated areas, with different exposures and slopes. The daily water stress index of the plants and the water potential in the soil were evaluated and the production system was analyzed. The experiment was carried out in an “Experimental Watershed”, using six surfaces, two horizontal and the other ones with 20 and 40% North and South exposure slopes. Water stress level was determined by measuring the temperatures of the vegetation cover and the ambient air. Watering was carried out using a drip irrigation system. The results showed that water stress index of sugarcane varies according to exposure and slope of the terrain, while areas whose water stress index was above 5.0 oC had lower yield values.

New Light on Slade's Case

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Full Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Slade's Case is of such significance in the history of the common law that it has, quite properly, been the subject of more scrutiny and discussion in recent years than any other case of the same age. The foundation of all this discussion has been Coke's report, which is the only full report in print. The accuracy and completeness of Coke's version have hardly been challenged, and the discussions have assumed that it contains almost all there is to know about the case. This assumption must be discarded if we are to understand the contemporary significance of the case.

scholarly journals Loss of plastid developmental genes coincides with a reversion to monoplastidy in hornworts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Istvan MacLeod ◽  
Parth K Raval ◽  
Simon Stockhorst ◽  
Michael Knopp ◽  
Eftychios Frangedakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Plastid Division ◽  
Plastid Development ◽  
State Reconstruction ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

The first plastid evolved from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium in the common ancestor of the Archaeplastida. The transformative steps from cyanobacterium to organelle included the transfer of control over developmental processes; a necessity for the host to orchestrate, for example, the fission of the organelle. The plastids of almost all embryophytes divide independent from nuclear division, leading to cells housing multiple plastids. Hornworts, however, are monoplastidic (or near-monoplastidic) and their photosynthetic organelles are a curious exception among embryophytes for reasons such as the occasional presence of pyrenoids. Here we screened genomic and transcriptomic data of eleven hornworts for components of plastid developmental pathways. We find intriguing differences among hornworts and specifically highlight that pathway components involved in regulating plastid development and biogenesis were differentially lost in this group of bryophytes. In combination with ancestral state reconstruction, our data suggest that hornworts have reverted back to a monoplastidic phenotype due to the combined loss of two plastid division-associated genes: ARC3 and FtsZ2.

scholarly journals COVID-19 national lockdown in Morocco: impacts on air quality and public health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenza Khomsi ◽  
Houda Najmi ◽  
Hassan Amghar ◽  
Youssef Chelhaoui ◽  
Zineb Souhaili
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Quality Status

AbstractOn the 20th April 2020, the end date of the first strict lockdown period in Morocco, 2 403 410 cases of the corona Virus were confirmed globally. The number of Morocco confirmed cases attended 2990, while 12 746 were suspected and 143 deaths were recorded. Due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 worldwide and in Morocco, almost all avoidable activities in the country were prohibited since the kingdom announced activities reduction on March 16, 2020 and then general lockdown with reduced industrial activities on March 20, 2020.This study aims at comparing the air quality status in Casablanca and Marrakech, two large cities from Morocco, before the pandemic and during the lockdown situation to show whether COVID-19 compelled-anthropogenic activities lockdown may have saved lives by restraining ambient air pollution than by preventing infection.We found that, during the quarantine, NO2 dropped by -12 μg/m3 in Casablanca and -7 μg/m3 in Marrakech. PM2·5 dropped by -18 μg/m3 in Casablanca and -14 μg/m3 in Marrakech. CO dropped by -0.04 mg/m3 in Casablanca and -0.12 mg/m3 in Marrakech. This air pollution reduction had created human health benefits and had reduced mortality and saved lives mainly from cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals The Development of Digital in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Digna R. Nahak
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Asian Development Bank ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect all sectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially the economic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its various derivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the most important sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties, because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currently many MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampered distribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffs for workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as a driver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity which results in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank (ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businesses run out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reduced their workforce work.

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