Epicuticular waxes of the genus Hordeum: a survey of their chemical composition and ultrastructure

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 3219-3226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum ◽  
A. Pat Tulloch ◽  
L. Grant Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
Average Alcohol ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

This study was based on 148 accessions representing 39 species of Hordeum. SEM ultrastructural morphology of waxes was based on individual spikelets, whereas waxes' chemical composition was assessed from whole plants. When all the data, in the form of individual accessions, were subjected to various cluster analyses methods, no groupings were revealed. But when the data were first summarized by species and then subjected to clustering, two polythetic groups of species were detected. Group 1 is characterized by species with 40–60% average alcohol content and by the common presence of diketones, whereas group 2 is characterized by species with 61 – 80% average alcohol content, by the total absence of hydroxy-β-diketone, and almost all species without β-diketone. The chemical data were then subjected to classificatory discriminant analysis to assess if a single previously unclassified accession could be identified into one of the two groupings. The nature of the differences between the two groupings was described by means of a canonical discriminant analysis. Mostly only plates and filaments were detected, and in many accessions the filaments were widened, appeared platelike, and were characteristic for one group. Presence of β-diketone varied within species. Hordeum violaceum was found to be unique in chemical composition.

scholarly journals Combination of Alcohol and EVOH as a New Embolic Agent: Midterm Tissue and Inflammatory Effects in a Swine Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jean-François Hak ◽  
Farouk Tradi ◽  
Mickael Bobot ◽  
Pauline Brige ◽  
Paul Habert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Embolic Agent ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Blood Alcohol Content ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To evaluate the vascular occlusion and midterm tissue toxicity properties of a combination of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) (Squid 18®) (75%) and alcohol (25%)—Alco-Squid 18—in a swine model. Materials and Methods. Alco-Squid 18 (75% Squid 18® mixed with 25% alcohol) (AS18) was compared to embolization with 96% alcohol alone and to embolization with Squid 18® (S18®) alone. An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) model was created in group 1 (n = 2). Each AVM model was then embolized with AS18 or S18® alone with evaluation of a ratio between the volume of embolic agent divided by the volume of the AVM (evaluated by CT). For group 2 (n = 5), each agent was tested on three different kidneys (upper pole kidney artery). Pre- and postinterventional CTs, angiographies, blood alcohol content dosages, and histological studies (3 months postintervention) were performed. Results. AS18 has better distal distribution than S18® alone, both in the kidneys (mean capsule-S18® distance: 3.9 mm (±0.23) and mean capsule-AS18 distance: 2.3 mm (±0.11) ( p = 0.029 ) and in the AVM model. Histological exploration found a higher rate of tubular necrosis with AS18 compared with S18® alone and alcohol alone (3.78 ± 0.44 compared to 2.33 ± 1.22 p   =  0 . 012 and 1.22 ± 0.67 p   < 0   . 0001 ). The blood alcohol content was negligible in all cases. Conclusion. AS18 can suggest a better distal sclerotic and embolic character as compared with S18® alone without systemic toxicity.

Cyclophosphamide-induced disturbance of gonadotropin secretion manifesting testicular damage

1992 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jantine JG Hoorweg-Nijman ◽  
Henriette A Delemarre-van de Waal ◽  
Frans C de Waal ◽  
Henk Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Gonadotropin Secretion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

Gonadal function was evaluated in 23 men (aged 14.8–28.8 years) treated in childhood with cytotoxic drugs for a solid tumour. Group 1 (N = 14) had been treated with non-alkylating drugs only, while group 2 (N=9) received the alkylating drug cyclophosphamide in addition (range 3.8–19.5 g/m2). Median age at the start of treatment was 4.6 years (range 0.6–16.1) in group 1 and 13.9 years (range 3.7–16.9) in group 2. Data of the patients were compared with a reference group consisting of 14 normal men. Almost all patients of both groups showed normal development of puberty; 13 of the 14 men in group 1 showed normal hormonal values. In group 2, basal LH and FSH as well as the LH and FSH responses to GnRH showed higher levels compared to those of a reference group (p<0.001). Correlation analysis showed an evident correlation between the total dose of received cyclophosphamide and the basal FSH level (r=0.78; p=0.002), the FSH response to GnRH (r=0.73; p=0.002) and the LH response to GnRH (r=0.67; p=0.002). There was no correlation between the hormonal parameters and the doses of the other cytotoxic drugs. Semen analysis showed azoospermia in four boys of group 2 and in none of group 1. Two patients in group 2 had an elevated FSH response to GnRH while their semen analysis was normal. Conclusions: (1) There is a dose-response relationship between the basal FSH. the LH and FSH responses to GnRH and the dose of cyclophosphamide. In all cyclophosphamide-treated patients the FSH response to GnRH increased. (2) Increased gonadotropin secretion can be found while semen analysis is normal; an increased FSH response to GnRH can be the first manifestation of testicular damage. (3) Evaluation of gonadotropins, both basal and stimulated LH and FSH values, is an easy and useful method for following up gonadal function in cyclophosphamide-treated men, especially for detecting early and subtle testicular damage.

Carboplatin, ifosfamide, and mesna (CIM) for the treatment of gynecological carcinosarcoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16539-e16539
Author(s):  
N. Walji ◽  
A. Zachariah ◽  
C. Yap ◽  
S. A. Hussain ◽  
C. J. Poole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Response ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Abdominal Irradiation ◽  
Toxicity Criteria ◽  
Group 1

e16539 Background: A GOG trial comparing cisplatin/ifosfamide/mesna chemotherapy versus whole abdominal irradiation for FIGO stages I-IV carcinosarcoma (CS) showed an estimated median survival (MS) of 50 months for chemotherapy but high toxicity. This study investigates the efficacy and tolerability of a novel regimen using carboplatin AUC 5, ifosfamide 3 g/m2 and mesna 1 g/m2 (CIM) in both the adjuvant and metastatic setting. Methods: Retrospective analysis of women with CS treated from May 1997-May 2007 with CIM (group 1) versus other chemotherapy regimens (group 2). Toxicity was graded according to the Common Toxicity Criteria and MS estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of 51 eligible women (median age 71 years) 35 (69%) had stage 3 or 4 disease. 35/51 (69%) received chemotherapy; 2 with stage 1c disease received pelvic radiotherapy (pRT) alone whilst the remaining 14 were unfit for any treatment. Median follow-up for the treated patients is 45 months. 11/35 patients (31%) received CIM as first-line chemotherapy. Other regimens included: carboplatin (n = 14); carboplatin/paclitaxel (n = 3); carboplatin/epirubicin (n = 3); carboplatin/doxorubicin (n = 2); doxorubicin/ifosfamide (n = 1); cisplatin/ifosfamide (n = 1). 20/35 (57%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) of which 8 received CIM; 11/20 patients also received adjuvant pRT. MS in the CIM AC group is 54.7 months compared to 37.4 months for other regimens. 3/8 patients (37.5%) in the CIM arm developed recurrent disease compared to 9/12 (75%) for other regimens. 4/16 patients received CIM as first- or second-line palliative chemotherapy. All patients responded of whom 2 achieved clinical and radiological complete response (CR). One woman subsequently relapsed and achieved a second CR with CIM. MS for all chemotherapy-treated patients is 54.7 months (group 1) versus 20.6 months (group 2) (p = 0.07). No patients in group 1 experienced any grade 3/4 toxicity and all patients completed the prescribed treatment. There were 2 unexpected treatment-related deaths in group 2, one of whom received carboplatin/paclitaxel and the other carboplatin/epirubicin. Conclusions: CIM appears to be efficacious and well tolerated in the treatment of CS and merits further investigation in clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the chemical composition of fungal bodies of the paranasal sinuses

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Yaroslav V. Shkorbotun ◽  
Mykola A. Skoryk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Factor Group ◽  
High Radiation ◽  
Radiation Density ◽  
Fungal Ball ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The significance of fungal microflora in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis tends to increase. The purpose of the study: We had studied the chemical composition of fungal bodies of odontogenic and nonodontogenic origin to determine the relationship between fungal sinusitis and previous endodontic treatment. Methods and materials: The 7 samples of the most common dental endodontic materials and 32 fungal ball removed from the paranasal sinuses in patients were examined by electron microscopy and masspectrometry: 22 of them were from the maxillary sinus in persons with a probable odontogenic cause of the disease (group 1), and 10 with the exception of odontogenic factor – 5 from the maxillary sinus - group 2 and 5 - from the sphenoid - group 3). The resultsand disscusion: In areas with high radiation density of fungal balls, its level in group 1 was 1173.6 ± 257.9 HU, groups 2 and 3 - 283.2 ± 21.8 HU and 262.6 ± 3 HU, and the radiation density from the samples with base it’s level in all groups did not differ among them and was from 50.1 to 55.0 HU. It was found that in all samples dental materials there was a content of Zn with a mass fraction from 0.71 ± 0.42% to 85.51 ± 0.05%. When analyzing the structure of fragments of fungal balls from areas with a base level of radiation density in patients of all three groups, its homogeneity and absence of crystalline inclusions were noted. In contrast, in fragments of fungal ball from areas of high radiation density there where a significant number of crystals in individuals with established odontogenic factor (group 1) and their absence in the material of groups 2 and 3. In the composition of samples of fungal balls from areas with high radiation density, it was found that in group №1 in 10 samples (45.45%) showed a significant content of Zinc (average mass fraction - 23.71 ± 4.45%), and Calcium was found in 40.9% of the samples at the level of 3.8 ± 1.33%. The chemical composition of areas of fungal bodies with high radiation density in individuals with excluded odontogenic factor (group 2 and group 3) was similar and was characterized by the presence of high level of Calcium from areas with increased radiation density of 24.38 ± 6.22%, and 22.04 ± 5,72%, while the background (group 2 - 1.26 ± 0.33%, group 3 –0.90 ± 0.34%). Zinc and other chemical elements - markers of dental materials in groups 2 and 3 were not detected. Conclusions: All dental materials we examined contain Zn and chemical elements are not characteristic of tissues of biological origin (Ba, Zr, W, Co and Ti), the content of which may cause increased radiological density of the tissue of the fungal ball. Elevated Zn and Ca content was detected in 45.45% and 40.9% of samples of fungal ball of odontogenic origin, and in almost all samples of fungal ball of neodontogenic origin, regardless of the location of the sinus (maxillary or sphenoidal), Ca was detected, which allows to predict the absorption of these chemicals. elements from the tissues surrounding the fungal body, as the main mechanism of their accumulation in concentrations that cause the formation of areas of high radiation density.

Efficacy of two different types of speech therapy for aphasic stroke patients

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Prins ◽  
R. Schoonen ◽  
J. Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTThe influence of two different types of language therapy was investigated by assigning 32 patients to three groups: 10 patients were treated with a Systematic Therapy program for Auditory Comprehension Disorders (group 1), 11 patients received conventional stimulation therapy (group 2), and the other 11 patients received no treatment at all (group 3). Language recovery in the three groups was examined with a test battery consisting of two parts: Part I consisted of 3 subtests for auditory comprehension, which were also used as practice materials in the treatment program given to the patients of group 1; Part II contained 8 tests for auditory comprehension, reading comprehension, and oral expression, the items of which were not used as practice materials in either of the two treated groups. Although the influence of age, time post onset, and severity of the receptive disorder were controlled by multiple regression analysis, it was found that the differences between the three treatment conditions were far from significant on almost all evaluation tests of Part II, as well as on the evaluation tests of Part I. On the basis of these results it was concluded that neither the Systematic Therapy program for Auditory Comprehension Disorders nor the conventional stimulation therapy had any clear effect on the recovery process of the treated patients in groups 1 and 2. Some possible reasons for the failure to demonstrate significant differences in language gains between the three therapeutic conditions are discussed.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Tokuhashi Score in Survival Prediction of Patients Operated for Vertebral Metastatic Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Gruenberg ◽  
Maximiliano E. Mereles ◽  
Gastón O. Camino Willhuber ◽  
Marcelo Valacco ◽  
Matias G. Petracchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Spinal Metastasis ◽  
Survival Prediction ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Tokuhashi Score ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: Spinal metastasis can produce pain, deformity, neurological compromise and can decrease life expectancy. Surgical management is usually indicated for pain control, neurological decompression, and to avoid deformity progression. Tokuhashi et al created a scoring system to estimate survival and stratify surgical treatment based on established parameters. Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of Tokuhashi scoring (TS) system by comparing the predicted and real survival times and analyze the survival time according to the type of tumor. Methods: From 2004 to 2014, 105 patients with vertebral metastasis who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative TS was performed in all cases. Patients were classified into 3 groups according to TS; group 1 (TS 0-8), group 2 (TS 9-11), and group 3 (TS 12-15). Patients’ average age was 61.5 years, main primary tumor site were as follows: kidney (23%), lung (19%), and breast (18%). Results: The Tokuhashi general concordance was 67.6%. Per group concordance was as follows: group 1 80%, in group 2, only 33% of concordance was observed. In group 3, 100% of concordance was observed. In group 2, the most common primary sites were breast and kidney and the mean survival was 20 and 22.3 months, respectively, both longer than that expected for this group. Conclusions: Tokuhashi concordance was acceptable in our study, particularly in lower and higher scores. The lesser concordance observed in group 2 (33.3%) was observed in almost all tumors. For our practice, TS constitutes an acceptable tool to define survival, particularly in lower and higher scores.

Change in the Capillary Permeability of the Stria Vascularis by Different Methods of Death and Fixation

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Stria Vascularis ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Acute Anoxia ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

The permeability of the stria vascularis to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was examined. Ten minutes after an intravenous injection of HRP, 15 guinea pigs were killed and fixed by four different methods: 1) cochleas fixed 3 minutes after decapitation, 2) administration of an overdose of pentobarbital, 3) cochleas fixed for 5 minutes before decapitation, and 4) cochleas fixed immediately after decapitation. In the animals in group 1, HRP leakage was observed in almost all strial vessels (86%), and blood sludging and amorphous HRP reaction product in 98% of strial capillaries. In the animals in group 2, strial capillaries were observed both with noticeable HRP leakage and with no evidence of leakage. Blood sludging was associated with amorphous HRP reaction product, while no blood sludging was associated with granular HRP reaction product. In group 3 animals, only faint or no HRP reaction product was observed in the perivascular spaces. Only 3% of the capillaries had blood sludging. In the animals in group 4, blood sludging but no HRP leakage was observed in almost all capillaries (82%). It is speculated that HRP does not normally leak from the strial capillaries, although many researchers have reported to the contrary. It appears that HRP leaks from the strial capillaries only when acute anoxia or hypotension continues for a few minutes. These conditions induce blood sludging and are followed by the appearance of many marginal folds in these capillaries.

scholarly journals Indicators of the reproductive function after endoscopic surgical treatment of uterine myomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
M. M. Vysotskiy ◽  
I. I. Kuranov ◽  
O. B. Nevzorov
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Degree Of Malignancy ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Group 1

Aim: to characterize the function of the reproductive system in women after organ-preserving surgery for uterine myoma: hysteroresectoscopic (HRS) myomectomy and laparoscopic (LS) myomectomy.Materials and methods. Forty one patients were examined and divided into 2 groups: Group 1 – 18 patients after HRS myomectomy and Group 2 – 23 patients after LS myomectomy. The control group included 20 healthy women of reproductive age.Results. The HRS operation led to a significant decrease in the production of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), estradiol and progesterone, while the levels of luteinizing (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) hormones increased. After myomectomy performed by the laparoscopic access, the levels of estradiol, progesterone, and AMH decreased but the levels of both LH and FSH increased so that the ratio LH/FSH remained unchanged. Almost all indices of gonadotropic and steroid hormone production became normalized over 6 months of the postoperative period.Conclusion. The main factors of unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian tecoma are tumor necrosis, degree of malignancy and mitotic activity.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Subsequent Childbirth between Marriage Years in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12560
Author(s):  
Jeongok Park ◽  
Kyoungjin Lee ◽  
Heejung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Government ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed to identify differences in factors associated with subsequent childbirth between the marriage years of 1996–2005 (Group 1) and 2006–2015 (Group 2) using the 2015 National Survey. A total of 5097 eligible participants (2492 and 2605 women in each group, respectively) were included. The main variables consisted of demographic characteristics, socio-economic status, value for child and son, and social support for raising child. For statistical analysis, discrete-time hazard models were used. The common factors associated with subsequent childbirth in both groups were son preference (Group 1: HR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.06–1.27, Group 2: HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.04–1.24) and the favorable value on children (HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01–1.25, HR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.01–1.22). Only in Group 2, age at the first childbirth (HR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.31–1.39) and more monthly income (≥4600, <6000: HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.04–1.33, ≥6000: HR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.00–1.32) were significantly associated with subsequent children. Whereas, working women (HR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.78–0.94) were less likely to have subsequent children. To increase fertility in Korea, the government must provide childcare and deal with factors associated with low fertility considering the reduction in role incomparability for women due to changes in demographic characteristics.

scholarly journals Cervicocranialgia: rationale for and evaluation of the clinical efficiency of therapy with the Russian generics of dexketoprofen and tolperisone

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
M. N. Dadasheva ◽  
G. I. Nurullina ◽  
R. V. Gorenkov
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Clinical Efficiency ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Carotid And Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Group 1

Objective: to comparatively evaluate the clinical efficiency of cervicocranialgia therapy with dexketoprofen (flamadex) and tolperisone (calmyrex), as well as with their combination. Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 90 patients aged 30–60 years with cervicocranialgia, who were randomized into three equal groups. Group 1 included 7 men and 23 women who took dexketoprofen; Group 2 consisted of 13 men and 17 women who were prescribed dexketoprofen and tolperisone; Group 3 comprised 18 men and 12 women who used tolperisone. The three patient groups underwent assessment of the intensity of pain on a visual analogue scale and the degree of muscle tone on a 3-point scale and evaluation of the efficiency of therapy and the hemodynamic effect of the drugs in the common carotid and vertebral arteries. Results and discussion. In all the groups, their treatment reversed neck pain, headache, and dizziness, normalized muscle tone, and improved hemodynamics in the carotid and vertebral arteries. The effect was more pronounced in patients receiving combination treatment (Group 2). The therapy showed a high safety and a good tolerability. Conclusion. Dexketoprofen and tolperisone have been demonstrated to be effective and safe in treating cervicocranialgia.

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