scholarly journals Technological Parameters of Epoxidation of Sesame Oil with Performic Acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Musik ◽  
Eugeniusz Milchert ◽  
Kornelia Malarczyk-Matusiak
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Relative Conversion

Abstract The course of epoxidation of sesame oil (SO) with performic acid formed „in situ” by the reaction of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide and formic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid(VI) as a catalyst was studied. The most advantageous of the technological independent parameters of epoxidation are as follows: temperature 80°C, H2O2/ C=C 3.5:1, HCOOH/C=C 0.8:1, amount of catalyst as H2SO4/(H2O2+HCOOH) 1 wt%, stirring speed at least 700 rpm, reaction time 6 h. The iodine number (IN), epoxy number (EN), a relative conversion to oxirane (RCO) and oxirane oxygen content (EOe) were determined every hour during the reaction. Under optimal conditions the sesame oil conversion amounted to 90.7%, the selectivity of transformation to epoxidized sesame oil was equal to 93.2%, EN = 0.34 mol/100 g, IN = 0.04 mol/100 g oil (10.2 g/100 g oil), a relative conversion to oxirane RCO = 84.6%, and oxirane oxygen content of EOe = 5.5%.

scholarly journals Optimization on Epoxidation of Palm Olein by Using Performic Acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1440-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darfizzi Derawi ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Palm Olein ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Oxygen Donor ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Stirring Effect ◽  
C Nmr

The epoxidation process of palm olein (POo) was carried out by usingin situgenerated performic acid (HCOOOH) to produce epoxidized palm olein (EPO). HCOOOH was produced by mixing of formic acid (HCOOH) as oxygen carrier and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxygen donor in various ratio of POo: HCOOH: H2O2. The effect of HCOOH and H2O2concentration, temperature, stirring effect and reaction time were studied. The presence of oxirane ring of EPO was characterised by fourier transformation infra-red (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and (13C-NMR) spectra. The results showed that an optimum oxirane oxygen content (OOC) value was obtained by using mol ratio of 1: 5: 2 at 150 minutes.

Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Epoxidized Trimethylolpropane Ester Synthesis from Palm Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferra Naidir ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
Irmawati Ramli ◽  
Tinia I. Mohd. Ghazi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Dependent Variables

To improve the oxidative stability of the palm oil-based biolubricant, the fatty acid double bonds in palm oil-based trimethylolpropane ester (TMP ester) was converted into an oxirane ring via an in-situ epoxidation method. The epoxidized TMP ester was produced from a reaction between TMP ester and peracetic acid which was prepared in-situ by reacting glacial acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid. The response surface methodology was applied using a central composite design technique to optimize the conditions of the epoxidation reaction to produce the epoxidized TMP ester. The effects of four independent variables namely concentration of acetic acid (0-2 mol), concentration of hydrogen peroxide (1.5-9.5 mol), temperature of reaction (30-110°C) and reaction time (0.5-26.5 h) on the three dependent variables; percentage of oxirane oxygen, iodine value, and hydroxyl value were studied. A second-order polynomial multiple regression model was employed to predict the three dependent variables under optimum conditions of 0.59 mol of glacial acetic acid, 7.5 mol of hydrogen peroxide concentration, at temperature of 50°C and reaction times of 7 h. The optimum values of percentage of oxirane oxygen, iodine value, and hydroxyl value were 4.01%, 1.94%, and 0.43% respectively. The analysis of variance yielded a high coefficient of determination value of 0.9395-0.9880, hence indicating the fitness of the second-order regression model to the experimental data.

scholarly journals A Cost-Effective and Eco-Friendly Way to Dihydroxylate Terminal and Internal Alkenes Using Hydrogen Peroxide/formic Acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Hsu ◽  
Trevor Dzwiniel ◽  
Krzysztof Pupek
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

<div> <p>Abstract In this report, we present a modified dihydroxylation procedure for terminal and internal alkenes under neat conditions using formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Upon the <i>in situ</i> formation of performic acid, followed by the hydrolysis of hydroxy-formoxy compounds with excess water, we can obtain a series of diols without catalysts and bases.</p> </div>

Epoxidation of Vegetable Oils, Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Esters: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-422
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Lewandowski ◽  
Marlena Musik ◽  
Kornelia Malarczyk-Matusiak ◽  
Łukasz Sałaciński ◽  
Eugeniusz Milchert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Acidic Catalysts ◽  
Acid Esters

A comprehensive review of recent existing methods of epoxidation of vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids and alkyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids has been presented. The importance of epoxidized vegetable oils and their applications in the production of polyols and polyurethanes was discussed. Interests of researchers have been mainly focused on the development of advantageous technological parameters of vegetable oils epoxidation. The epoxidations with peracetic acid or performic acid generated in situ were mainly performed in the presence of strongly acidic catalysts. The influence of process variables such as temperature, stirring speed, the molar ratio of carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide to the amount of ethylenic unsaturation, amount of catalyst and reaction time on the course of epoxidation has been investigated.

Epoxidation of Palm Kernel Oil-Based Crude Oleic Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Noorfazlida Mohamed ◽  
Siti Khatijah Jamaludin ◽  
Ayub M. Som ◽  
Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Renewable Natural Resources ◽  
Relative Conversion

Most vegetable oils have high content of unsaturated bond and can be converted into epoxidized fatty acids. These days, epoxidized vegetable oils are great concern as they are obtained from sustainable, renewable natural resources and are environmental friendly. The epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by using in situ generated performic acid (HCOOOH) to produce epoxidized oleic acid. The degree of temperature, the molar ratio of formic acid or hydrogen peroxide and types of catalyst was considered. Epoxidation results were based on complete conversion oxirane, rate of epoxidation and stability of the oxirane. It was found that a maximum relative conversion oxirane (RCO) of epoxide is 88% at optimal condition.

scholarly journals A Cost-Effective and Eco-Friendly Way to Dihydroxylate Terminal and Internal Alkenes Using Hydrogen Peroxide/formic Acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Hsu ◽  
Trevor Dzwiniel ◽  
Krzysztof Pupek
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

<div> <p>Abstract In this report, we present a modified dihydroxylation procedure for terminal and internal alkenes under neat conditions using formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Upon the <i>in situ</i> formation of performic acid, followed by the hydrolysis of hydroxy-formoxy compounds with excess water, we can obtain a series of diols without catalysts and bases.</p> </div>

scholarly journals A Cost-Effective and Eco-Friendly Way to Dihydroxylate Terminal and Internal Alkenes Using Hydrogen Peroxide/formic Acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Hsu ◽  
Trevor Dzwiniel ◽  
Krzysztof Pupek
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

<div> <p>Abstract In this report, we present a modified dihydroxylation procedure for terminal and internal alkenes under neat conditions using formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Upon the <i>in situ</i> formation of performic acid, followed by the hydrolysis of hydroxy-formoxy compounds with excess water, we can obtain a series of diols without catalysts and bases.</p> </div>

scholarly journals Ultra-Fast Degradation of p-Aminophenol by a Nanostructured Iron Catalyst

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Benavente ◽  
David Lopez-Tejedor ◽  
Carlos Perez-Rizquez ◽  
Jose Palomo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Liquid Extract

Full degradation of p-aminophenol in aqueous solution at room temperature by using a heterogeneous nanostructured iron hybrid catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide is described. A nanostructured iron catalyst was prepared by in situ formation of iron carbonate nanorods on the protein network using an aqueous solution of an enzyme, lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL-B). A second kind of iron nanostructured catalyst was obtained by the sunsequent treatment of the hybrid with an aqueous liquid extract of Mentha x piperita. Remarkable differences were observed using TEM imaging. When M. piperita extract was used, nanoparticles appeared instead of nanorods. Catalytic activity of these iron nanocatalysts was studied in the degradation of the environmental pollutant p-aminophenol (pAP) under different operating parameters, such as pH, presence of buffer or hydrogen peroxide concentration. Optimal conditions were pH 4 in acetate buffer 10 mM containing 1% (v/v) H2O2 for FeCO3NRs@CALB, while for FeCO3NRs@CALB-Mentha, water containing 1% (v/v) H2O2, resulted the best. A complete degradation of 100 ppm of pAP was achieved in 2 and 3 min respectively using 1 g Fe/L. This novel nanocatalyst was recycled five times maintaining full catalytic performance.

Studies on the Aqueous Extraction Method of Sesame Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1542-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xia Hou ◽  
Xiao Lei Shang ◽  
Xiao Xia Wang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Lei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Aqueous Extraction ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Single Factor Experiment ◽  
Water Ratio

The aqueous extracting method of sesame oil was studied in this paper．On basis of the single-factor experiment, the orthogonal trial was used in optimization of technological parameters. The optimal conditions for sesame oil extraction were solid to water ratio of 0.8 g/ml (v/w), 70°Cand pH 5.0, under which the extraction rate reached 82.49％．

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