Cellulose-precipitated calcium carbonate composites and their effect on paper properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Mohamadzadeh-Saghavaz ◽  
Hossein Resalati ◽  
Ali Ghasemian
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Cellulose Fibrils ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

AbstractA cellulose-PCC composite was synthesised using the CaCl2 reaction with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) under alkaline conditions and in the presence of cellulose fibrils made from highly refined bleached softwood kraft pulp. The results showed that the ash content in the synthesised cellulose-PCC composite increased by increasing the reaction temperature from 25°C to 70°C, the reaction time from 3.5 min to 7.5 min and the cellulose consistency from 0.05 % to 0.1 %. The ratio of calcium carbonate generated to the calcium chloride used initially was increased by increasing the reaction temperature and time. The XRD pattern of the cellulose-PCC composite indicated no modification micro-crystal habit of the deposited CaCO3. The SEM images showed that the cellulose-PCC composite filler had a rhombohedral shape as opposed to the scalenohedral shape of common PCC. The paper filled with the cellulose-PCC composite had much higher bursting and tensile strengths, at a tearing strength similar to common PCC.

Study of Culture Paper Making with P-RC APMP by Different Papermaking Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 629 ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Tao Lin ◽  
Jian Wei Song ◽  
Xue Feng Yin ◽  
Zhi Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Ground Calcium Carbonate

Using Poplar P-RC APMP as raw materials for culture paper making, the effect of conventional papermaking process and P-RC APMP fines-calcium carbonate co-flocculation process on the P-RC APMP culture paper properties were studied. The result showed that, comparing to the conventional papermaking process, co-flocculation process can supply paper with better strength properties, bulk and whiteness. When precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) or ground calcium carbonate (GCC) were added respectively in conventional papermaking process, the PCC supplied handsheets with better bulk and whiteness, while GCC supplied handsheets with better strength properties. In the co-flocculation process, the effects of PCC and GCC were nearly the same in strength properties and bulk of handsheets, but PCC was more beneficial for whiteness. SEM images showed that PCC distributed more evenly in the fiber network, and well-bonded with fiber network. The particle size of GCC is relatively small, mainly filled in the fiber network and wrapped on the fiber.

scholarly journals Effects of In-Situ Filler Loading vs. Conventional Filler and the Use of Retention-Related Additives on Properties of Paper

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5066
Author(s):  
Maria Emiliana Fortună ◽  
Andrei Lobiuc ◽  
Lucian-Mihai Cosovanu ◽  
Maria Harja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Content ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Filler Retention

In the present paper, aspects concerning the obtained and characterization of additive systems used for maximizing filler retention, and the effects on paper properties, were investigated. The effects of retention additives over properties of paper, containing fibers from in-situ loading (IS-CCP), were analyzed against the effects of additives over properties of paper containing fibers from conventional loading, obtained by the addition of calcium carbonate in precipitated form (CCP). The physico-mechanical properties were analyzed by various analyses and investigations: calcium carbonate content, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, optical and mechanical properties, in order to develop the best systems of retention additives for obtaining higher retention loads for making paper with high content of nano-filler material. The obtained results reveal that at the same level of calcium carbonate content, all paper samples with in-situ loading had higher the optical and mechanical properties than the paper obtained by conventional loading in all cases the additives studied. For all studied properties, nanoparticles had a positively influence over paper properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Calcium Carbonate on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Red Clay

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Chen ◽  
Xuejun Chen ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Pengyan Bi ◽  
Xiang Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Content ◽  
Analysis System

The influence of precipitated calcium carbonate on the strength and microstructure of red clay was studied. Precipitated calcium carbonate was added to red clay at ratios of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Shear tests were carried out on the samples to observe the effect of calcium carbonate on the mechanical properties of red clay. The results showed that, with increasing calcium carbonate content, the strength of red clay first decreased and then increased. The maximum strength was obtained for the sample with 20% calcium carbonate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the changes in microstructure caused by addition of calcium carbonate. The pores and cracks analysis system (PCAS) was used to quantitatively characterize the microstructure changes detected in SEM images. The addition of calcium carbonate decreased the pore area and increased the total number of pores of red clay. The incorporation of calcium carbonate caused the red clay particles to agglomerate. The higher the calcium carbonate content, the stronger the agglomeration of red clay particles in the soil samples.

scholarly journals Calcium Carbonate–Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hybrid Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Maria E. Fortună ◽  
Elena Ungureanu ◽  
Carmen D. Jitareanu
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Breaking Length ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

In the present work, precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were prepared to obtain new hybrid materials used in papermaking. In the first step, occurred the precipitation of CaCO3 in solution containing CMC at different levels (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%). In the second step, PCC–CMC hybrid material (25%) was added to pulp suspension, and the sheets were made. The effect of PCC–CMC on paper properties (mechanical and optical) was systematically investigated. Breaking length, the brightness and opacity of the sheets obtained with the PCC–CMC material were better than the sheets fabricated with the unmodified PCC at similar levels of content.

scholarly journals Comparison of experimental techniques for biocementation of sands considering homogeneous volume distribution of precipitated calcium carbonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Francisco Centeno Dias ◽  
Inês Borges ◽  
Sofia O. D. Duarte ◽  
Gabriel A. Monteiro ◽  
Rafaela Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Dissolution Tests ◽  
Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), or biocementation, consists in using microorganisms living in the soil to produce calcium carbonate (biocement). This mineral bonds the grains and therefore improves the soil hydro-mechanical properties. When using this technique, one of the challenges is to ensure homogeneous treatment in the entire volume. In this study, an experimental device was developed to apply this treatment in cylindrical soil samples with 7.2 cm diameter and 12 cm height. Two distinct sample preparation techniques were tested: (i) pre-mixing the soil with bacteria, and then inject the feeding solution; (ii) inject bacteria followed by injecting the feeding solution. In both, the injection conditions varied in two distinct ways: (i) infiltration column, from the top and (ii) injecting through a perforated central tube. The homogeneity of the biocement in the volume was evaluated using X-ray and SEM images from small samples taken from different locations in the specimens and analysing different parameters. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and CaCO3 dissolution tests revealed uneven distribution of CaCO3 content between the top and bottom sections, as well as along radial direction. The most homogeneous samples were found when bacteria were premixed with the soil before injecting the feeding solution. Unconfined compression tests (UCS) were also performed in samples with and without treatment. The treatment increased stiffness and strength significantly and soil rupture occurred mostly near the bottom, where the lowest CaCO3 contents were detected.

scholarly journals Small Pilot System for the Manufacture of in Situ Precipitated Calcium Carbonate in the Presence of Pulp Fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Klaus Dölle ◽  
Bardhyl Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pulp Fiber ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Eucalyptus Pulp

Paper fillers materials are less expensive than fiber, allowing reduced production costs and improvement of paper properties. A small pilot scale in-situ laboratory calcium carbonate filler precipitation unit was developed and designed with the objective to provide enough pulp fiber containing in-situ precipitated calcium carbonate for a small 12-inch (304 mm) wide laboratory paper machine. The in-situ precipitation system requires the reactants calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide and was tested with a eucalyptus pulp fiber pulp suspension. The final precipitated in-situ filler content achieved was 38.2%, 55.5% and 66.6% based on initial eucalyptus pulp fiber content. The precipitation time from an initial pH of 12.77, 12.76 and 11.98 to an final pH of 7.29, 7.55, and 7.28 for the 3 kg, 6kg, and 9 kg of calcium hydroxide reactant addition was 45 minutes for the 3 kg and 9 kg calcium hydroxide addition and 40 min. for the 6 kg calcium hydroxide addition.

Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Using a Limestone and its Application in Paper Filler and Coating Color

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 881-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hwan Cho ◽  
Jin Koo Park ◽  
Seung Kwan Lee ◽  
Sung Min Joo ◽  
Im Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Reaction Process ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Coating Color ◽  
Paper Filler ◽  
Tearing Strength

Homogeneous precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC) was synthesized by calcinations, hydration and carbonation of limestone which has been deposited in Danyang, Korea. In the reaction process, shapes(scalenohedral and cubic) and sizes(0.2~0.3μm and 2.0μm) of the powder were controlled by reaction temperature. Synthesized PCC was applied to hand-made paper as filler and coated paper. For the prepared papers, physical/optical properties(brightness, whiteness, opacity, roughness, gloss, tensile strength, internal tearing strength, stiffness, bursting strength) and printability(ink gloss, ink set-off, dry pick, wet pick) were characterized

The Performance of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Fillers in Fine Quality Printing and Writing Papers

1990 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Custom Made

ABSTRACTThe trend toward alkaline papermaking has accelerated over the past four years due to the availability of inexpensive, high quality precipitated calcium carbonate. This movement has been largely brought about through on-site production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). Over ten facilities exist in North America providing the host mills with custom-made PCC products to provide specific properties for the paper grades being manufactured.Laboratory studies were recently conducted to investigate the performance of paper-grade PCC fillers in fine quality printing papers. This investigation focused on the effect of changes in PCC particle size, size distribution, surface area, and morphology on paper properties. The PCC fillers were also compared to other filler materials such as ground limestone and kaolin.In general, the results show that sheet properties are greatly influenced by the size and shape of the PCC product used. The data reveal strong correlations between average particle size and/or surface area, and sheet properties such as opacity, porosity, tensile strength, bulk, and sizing within certain filler morphologies.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Sodium Hydroxide from a Biogas Upgrading Unit through the Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: An Experimental Influence Study of Reaction Parameters

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Baena-Moreno ◽  
Mónica Rodríguez-Galán ◽  
Fernando Vega ◽  
T. Reina ◽  
Luis Vilches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Naoh Solution

This article presents a regeneration method of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution from a biogas upgrading unit through calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation as a valuable by-product, as an alternative to the elevated energy consumption employed via the physical regeneration process. The purpose of this work was to study the main parameters that may affect NaOH regeneration using an aqueous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as reactive agent for regeneration and carbonate slurry production, in order to outperform the regeneration efficiencies reported in earlier works. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the solid obtained. The studied parameters were reaction time, reaction temperature, and molar ratio between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3. In addition, the influence of small quantities of NaOH at the beginning of the precipitation process was studied. The results indicate that regeneration efficiencies between 53%–97% can be obtained varying the main parameters mentioned above, and also both Raman spectroscopy and SEM images reveal the formation of a carbonate phase in the obtained solid. These results confirmed the technical feasibility of this biogas upgrading process through CaCO3 production.

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