Population genetic structure of Simulium degrangei (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Western Carpathians

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Jedlička ◽  
Matúš Kúdela ◽  
Tomáš Szemes ◽  
Peter Celec
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Molecular Variation ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Of Greece

AbstractSimulium degrangei Dorier & Grenier, 1960 was recorded in southern and central Europe and in the Crimea and Caucasus. Its distribution pattern is scattered. The variability of the mtDNA gene encoding cytochrome oxidase I was studied in populations of S. degrangei from the Western Carpathians in Slovakia and in the northern Hellenides of Greece. In the analyzed samples, 21 haplotypes were recorded, of which twenty were private and occurred in only one mountain range, but one haplotype was found in all three studied populations from the Western Carpathians. Both haplotypes from the Hellenides were private, but these were not isolated and they fit into the haplotype network of the Western Carpathians. Statistics of genetic variability, different designs of analysis of molecular variation with non-significant differences and the pair-wise genetic distances support the hypothesis that there are no differences between the analyzed populations. Similarly, using nested clade phylogeographical analysis, no genetic-geographical structure was found.

scholarly journals Diversity and genetic structure of Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) populations as revealed by RAPD-PCR markers

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-288
Author(s):  
Andrijana Andric ◽  
Natasa Kocis-Tubic ◽  
Milica Rat ◽  
Dragana Obreht-Vidakovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Population Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Rapd Pcr

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR method was used to assess the level of diversity and genetic structure in Ornithogalum L. populations from Serbia and Hungary with the main goal of improving the knowledge of this genus in the given region. The material was collected from 19 populations and identified as two morphologically similar and phylogenetically close taxa: O. umbellatum L. 1753 and O. divergens Boreau 1887. All ten RAPD primers used for the analysis gave PCR products, with length between 3000bp and 300bp. There were 101 amplified fragments in total; number of polymorphic bands per primer varied between seven and 13. Percentage of polymorphic loci was 96% in total and 12% in average in each population. Genetic variation statistics for all loci also showed that genetic diversity for all populations was 0.29 and Shannon index 0.45, while mean values for these parameters calculated for each population were 0.04 and 0.06, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance demonstrated high population genetic differentiation; however Mantel test showed no significant correlation between geographic distances of populations and genetic distances expressed through population pairwise FST. UPGMA dendrogram based on Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients showed subclustering and principal coordinate analysis based on Nei and Li coefficients of genetic distances indicated grouping. Analysis of populations genetic structure was in accordance with these results and clearly separated populations of O. umbellatum from O. divergens. RAPDs proved to be a reliable and rapid method suitable for distinguishing genetic differentiation in Ornithogalum, thus could be applied as a useful additional tool in resolving taxonomic problems.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Gene Flow of Octopus maya (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in the States of Yucatan and Campeche, Mexico / Estrutura genética e fluxo gênico do polvo maya (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) nos Estados de Yucatan e Campeche, México

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3355-3367
Author(s):  
Jorge Arturo Tello Cetina ◽  
Mariel Sinai Garrido Balam ◽  
Flavia Jovita Cruz Pérez ◽  
Nidia Isabel Jiménez Suaste ◽  
Luis Joaquín Alberto Mota Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
Octopus Maya

It was determined the population genetic structure of the red octopus Octopus maya in the states of Campeche and Yucatan in Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, through the expression of isozymes in polyacrylamide gels. Mantle samples from 25 octopuses, captured in nine sites of the Yucatan Peninsula, were used to characterize the genotypic expression revealed by the expression of 26 loci in thirty enzyme systems. Program TFPGA version 1.3 (Tools for Population Genetic Analyses), was used to process data of allozyme gene frequencies of the studied populations. The parameters determined were: descriptive statistics, F statistics, genetic distances, Hardy - Weinberg, UPGMA and the number of migrants as an indicator of gene flow. The average number of alleles per locus, percentage of polymorphic loci, average and direct and direct heterozygosity were: 1.08 ± 0.05 to 1.15 ± 0.04. P95 26.9231% to 34.6154, Have 0.1142 to 0.1390 and Hdir = 0.0354 to 0.0938 respectively. Heterozygosity values in a range of 0.3506 to 0.4793 and G6PDH for ARGK with an average heterozygosity value of 0.1824, Fisher average value of 0.5313 and 0.0140 Fst indicates a heterozygous deficiency but it is within the ranges reported for marine invertebrate species. The number of migrants derived from the Slatkin equation is 1824 per generation, globally indicates some degree of variability between sites and is consistent with the low values of Nei genetic distance found, particularly the node showing the separation of the population of Lagartos River and Dzilam Bravo from the other locations with an obtained value of 0.0004. From the results of this study, it is concluded that locations of Octopus maya have a certain level of interpopulation genetic variability that does not reflect its fragility.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) at Its Southern Lineage in Europe. Implications for Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srđan Stojnić ◽  
Evangelia V. Avramidou ◽  
Barbara Fussi ◽  
Marjana Westergren ◽  
Saša Orlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Study Results

In the present paper we studied the genetic diversity and genetic structure of five Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) natural populations situated in Serbia, belonging to the southern lineage of the species at the southern margin of the species distribution range. Four populations occur as disjunct populations on the outskirts of the Dinaric Alps mountain chain, whereas one is located at the edge of Balkan Mountain range and, therefore, can be considered as ecologically marginal due to drier climatic conditions occurring in this region. Due to the negative effect of biotic and abiotic stress factors, the sustainability of these populations is endangered, making conservation of their genetic resources one of the key measures of Norway spruce persistence in Serbia under climatic changes. The insight on genetic diversity and genetic structure of the studied spruce populations can provide the information required for the initiation of programs aimed at the conservation and utilization of spruce genetic resources at the rear edge of species environmental limits. Norway spruce genetic variation and population genetic structure were estimated using eight EST-SSR markers. The results showed that mean expected heterozygosity was 0.616 and allelic richness 10.22. Genetic differentiation among populations was low (Fst = 0.007). No recent bottleneck effect or isolation by distance were detected. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into two genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence. Based on the study results and the EUFORGEN Pan-European strategy for genetic conservation of forest trees, the establishment of additional dynamic gene conservation units must be considered in Serbia in order to protect the adaptive and neutral genetic diversity of the species.

scholarly journals GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE KHAKASS SUB-ETHNIC GROUPS FROM AUTOSOMAL DNA MARKERS AND SURNAMES

2016 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Maria Lavryashina ◽  
Maria Lavryashina ◽  
Marina Ul'yanova ◽  
Marina Ul'yanova ◽  
Olga Balaganskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Republic

The authors discussed the results of study of population genetic structure of Khakass sub-ethnic groups - indigenous population of the Republic of Khakassia. The gene pool is studied according to two classes of markers: autosomal DNA (CCR2*rs1799864, CCR5*rs333, ACE1*rs4646994, PLAT*rs4646972, noA25*rs, PV92*rs3138523, ApoA1*rs3138522, noB65*rs, no F13B*rs) and quasigenetic markers (surnames). Total sample size was 249 persons for autosomal DNA dataset, and 9693 persons for the surnames dataset. Four Khakass sub-ethnic groups - Kachins, Koybals, Kyzyls, and Sagays - were investigated. Both classes of markers provided similar results on the subdivision of Khakass sub-ethnic groups and genetic relationships between them. Analysis of autosomal DNA markers showed statistically significant differences of allele frequencies. Interpopulation genetic variation (GST) of the Khakass populations was 2.10%. The largest genetic distances were observed when comparing Sagays and Kyzyls (d = 0.032). The least genetic distances were observed when comparing samples of Kachins and Koybals (d = 0.032). According to the surnames dataset, the similarity index (Ri) is minimal in the pair "Sagays - Kyzyls" and is maximal in a pair of "Kachins - Koybals". Genetic distances characterizing the differences between sub-ethnic groups, decrease, and kinship coefficient, which reflects the similarity increases in the following series: Sagays, Kyzyls, Kachins, and Koybals.

Phylogeography and population genetic structure of an exotic invasive brine shrimp, Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea : Anostraca), in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Asem ◽  
Amin Eimanifar ◽  
Weidong Li ◽  
Pei-Zheng Wang ◽  
Samantha A. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Mediterranean Regions

Native American Artemia franciscana has become an introduced species in the Old World due to the rapid development of the aquaculture industry in Eurasia. The recent colonisation of A. franciscana in Mediterranean regions and Asia has been well documented, but Australia is a continent where the dispersal of this species is not well understood. In the present study, we sequenced the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and examined the phylogenetic relationships, haplotype network and population genetic structure of Artemia from four geographical localities in Australia and two American native localities. Our results confirmed the colonisation of Australia in all four localities by A. franciscana. First, we document the occurrence of Artemia in Mulgundawa and St Kilda localities in Australia. The Dampier population is a monomorphic population, but there is high genetic variation and a degree of demographic expansion observed in other introduced A. franciscana populations in Australia. This observation suggests an interaction between environmental conditions and adaptive potentials of A. franciscana. Our findings imply that populations from St Kilda and Port Hedland might have originated from a San Francisco Bay source, while the two other locations resulted from admixture between Great Salt Lake and San Francisco Bay sources, perhaps resulting from secondary introduction events.

scholarly journals Caribbean golden orbweaving spiders maintain gene flow with North America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klemen Čandek ◽  
Ingi Agnarsson ◽  
Greta J. Binford ◽  
Matjaž Kuntner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
North America ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Dispersal Potential ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Globally Distributed

AbstractThe Caribbean archipelago offers one of the best natural arenas for testing biogeographic hypotheses. The intermediate dispersal model of biogeography (IDM) predicts variation in species richness among lineages on islands to relate to their dispersal potential. To test this model, one would need background knowledge of dispersal potential of lineages, which has been problematic as evidenced by our prior biogeographic work on the Caribbean tetragnathid spiders. In order to investigate the biogeographic imprint of an excellent disperser, we study the American Trichonephila, a nephilid genus that contains globally distributed species known to overcome long, overwater distances. Our results reveal that the American T. clavipes shows a phylogenetic and population genetic structure consistent with a single species over the Caribbean, but not over the entire Americas. Haplotype network suggests that populations maintain lively gene flow between the Caribbean and North America. Combined with prior evidence from spider genera of different dispersal ability, these patterns coming from an excellent disperser (Trichonephila) that is species poor and of a relatively homogenous genetic structure, support the IDM predictions.

scholarly journals Studi pendahuluan genetika populasi ikan tuna sirip kuning (thunnus albacares) dari dua populasi di laut Kepulauan Maluku, Indonesia

DEPIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Nebuchad Nezzar Akbar ◽  
Dian Pertiwi ◽  
Neviaty P. Zamani ◽  
Beginer Subhan ◽  
Hawis H. Madduppa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract. Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is a large pelagic fish that have high economic value and inhabits the Moluccas Sea, Indonesia. Tuna catches in the Moluccas sea was very high and might decrease the yellowfin tuna population in this region. The research on population genetic of yellowfin tuna is fundamental to answer the problem. This information can be used as baseline data for future management, utilization, and basis of genetic conservation. The objective of this research was to infer the genetic population structure of two populations (North Maluku and Ambon) in the Moluccas Sea, Indonesia. In total, 41 tissue samples from pectoral fins of yellowfin tuna were collected in this study (North Maluku 33 samples and Ambon 8 samples). The results showed that genetic distances were low between the two populations. Additionally, the comparison of genetic distance between the Moluccas population and Indian Ocean waters also showed no significant differences. The Fst analysis showed the high gene flow between these two populations. Furthermore, haplotype network analysis showed that these two populations were the panmixia population. The overall result showed that no refraction genetic in the yellowfin tuna population from two populations in the Moluccas Sea.Keywords: Haplotype, genetic distance, Moluccas Sea, index fixation analysis, yellowfin tuna, population genetic structure. Abstrak. Tuna sirip kuning (Thunnus albacares) merupakan jenis pelagis besar bernilai ekonomis tinggi yang hidup di perairan Laut Maluku, Indonesia. Tangkapan ikan tuna di Laut Maluku berstatus tinggi, sehingga dapat menurunkan jumlah populasi. Penelitian tentang genetika populasi ikan tuna sirip kuning penting dilakukan untuk menjawab permasalahan ini. Informasi ini dapat menjadi sumber data untuk pengelolaan, pemanfaatan dan pelestarian untuk konservasi genetik. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui struktur populasi genetik pada dua populasi di Laut Maluku (Maluku Utara dan Ambon). Secara total, 41 sampel jaringan dari sirip pectoral Tuna sirip kuning dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini (Maluku Utara 33 sampel dan Ambon 8 sampel). Hasil penelitian menemukan jarak genetik yang dekat antar kedua populasi. Perbandingan jarak genetik pada populasi Perairan Maluku dan Samudera Hindia tidak menunjukan perbedaan signifikan. Analisis fiksasi indeks (Fst) memperlihatkan aliran genetik kuat antar populasi. Analisis jaringan haplotipe menunjukan kedua populasi merupakan populasi panmiksia. Penelitian ini secara umum menunjukkan belum terjadi perubahan struktur genetik populasi ikan tuna sirip kuning pada dua populasi di Laut Maluku.Kata kunci: Haplotipe, jarak genetik, Laut Maluku, analisis fiksasi indeks, tuna sirip kuning, struktur populasi genetik.     

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