scholarly journals The stabilization and protection of shorelines using the broadleaf cattail and reed sweet grass

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Weronika Kowalik ◽  
Kinga Pachuta ◽  
Jerzy Jeznach
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The stabilization and protection of shorelines using the broadleaf cattail and reed sweet grass. The article presents the results of studies on the mechanical properties of the broadleaf cattail Typha latifolia and reed sweet grass Glyceria maxima. The necessary study samples were collected from Lake Urszulewskie near Sierpc, Poland. The experiment was conducted using an Instron 5966 universal tensile strength testing machine. Tensile forces and the tensile strength of the individual parts of both plant species, i.e. below-ground stems (rhizomes), base of the stem and above-ground stems, were determined and compared with each other. The STATISTICA program was used for analysis. The calculated tensile strength values were compared to data of selected tree, shrub and plant species provided by other authors.

Design of a snap connector to connect panel elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
ŁUKASZ MATWIEJ ◽  
ROBERT KŁOS ◽  
MIROSŁAW BONOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Mechanical Properties Of Materials ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Properties Of Materials

Design of a snap connector to connect panel elements. The aim of this study was to design, manufacture and verify the tensile strength of a prototype snap connector to be used to connect panel elements. Firstly, analyses were conducted on solutions of commercially available designs for connectors invisible from the cabinet’s outside and those with minimized visibility. While searching for the best concept of connector design, three proposals were prepared, of which – after thorough analysis of design – one concept was selected. In the next step, the adopted solution was improved so that the connector met the previously formulated design requirements. In the course of further analyses, the causes and effects of failure were verified in order to limit or eliminate potential defects. In the next stage of the study, numerical calculations were conducted for the nut and the connector, concerning tensile strength, using the Autodesk Simulation Multiphysics program. After a prototype connector was manufactured, tensile strength tests were conducted on the connector using a strength testing machine. Experiments verified the correctness of the developed design in terms of geometry and the physico-mechanical properties of materials of individual elements, and resulted in possible changes proposed in the design of the final connector product.

scholarly journals Styrene–Acrylic Emulsion with “Transition Layer” for Damping Coating: Synthesis and Characterization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Daoyuan Chen ◽  
Mingjin Ding ◽  
Zhixiong Huang ◽  
Yanbing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Seeded Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

In order to study the dynamic mechanical properties of styrene–acrylic latex with a core/shell structure, a variety of latexes were synthesized by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization based on “particle design” with the same material. The latexes were characterized by rotary viscosimeter, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and universal testing machine. The effects of difference at the glass transition temperature (Tg) of core and shell and the introduction of the “transition layer” on the damping and mechanical properties of latex film were studied. The results indicate that as the Tg of core and shell gets closer, the better the compatibility of core and shell, from phase separation to phase continuity. Furthermore, the introduction of the “transition layer” can effectively improve the tensile strength and tan δ (max) of the latex film. The tensile strength and maximum loss factor (f = 1 Hz) of latex with the “transition layer” increased by 36.73% and 29.11% respectively compared with the latex without the “transition layer”. This work provides a reference for the design of emulsion for damping coating.

scholarly journals Bonding of plywood 

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
M. Brožek
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Oblique Direction ◽  
Direction Angle ◽  
Economical Evaluation ◽  
Wood Bonding ◽  
Strength Tests

The contribution contains results of bonded joints strength tests. The tests were carried out according to the modified standard ČSN EN 1465 (66 8510):2009. The spruce three-ply wood of 4 mm thickness was used for bonding according to ČSN EN 636 (49 2419):2013. The test samples of 100 × 25 mm size were cut out from a semi-product of 2,440 × 1,220 mm size in the direction of its longer side (angle 0°), in the oblique direction (angle 45°) and in the direction of its shorter side (crosswise – angle 90°). The bonding was carried out using eight different domestic as well as foreign adhesives according to the technology prescribed by the producer. All used adhesives were designated for wood bonding. At the bonding the consumption of the adhesive was determined. After curing, the bonded assemblies were loaded using a universal tensile-strength testing machine up to the rupture. The rupture force and the rupture type were registered. Finally, the technical-economical evaluation of the experiments was carried out. 

scholarly journals Effects of Zr, Y on the Microstructure and Properties of As-Cast Cu-0.5Y-xZr (wt.%) Alloys

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Dong Liang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Yuxiang Wang ◽  
Zhenjie Liu ◽  
Ying Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Universal Material Testing Machine ◽  
Material Testing Machine

In this paper, the microstructure and properties of as-cast Cu-Y-Zr alloys with different Zr content were studied in order to investigate whether the precipitates in copper alloys would interact with each other by adding Y and Zr simultaneously. As-cast Cu-0.5Y-xZr (wt.%, x = 0.05 and 0.1, nominal composition) alloys were prepared by vacuum melting in this study. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the microstructure of the alloys. The mechanical properties of the alloys were tested by universal material testing machine at room temperature. The effects of Zr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were explored. As shown by the research results, in the as-cast Cu-0.5Y-xZr (wt.%) alloys, the precipitated phase was the Cu5Y/Cu5Zr phase and ranged from 10 nm to 70 nm in size; when the Zr content increased from 0.05 wt.% to 0.1 wt.%, both the tensile strength and elongation rate of the alloys increased; when the Zr content was 0.1 wt.%, the tensile strength was 225 MPa and the elongation rate was 22.5%.

Influence of Al-10RE Modification on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZL203 Aluminum Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
De Quan Shi ◽  
Gui Li Gao ◽  
Zhi Wei Gao ◽  
Yan Liu Wang ◽  
Xu Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Holding Temperature ◽  
Universal Mechanical Testing Machine

The influence of Al-10RE addition, holding time and holding temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of ZL203 aluminum alloy has been studied respectively through using the optical microscope and the universal mechanical testing machine. The experimental results lead to the following conclusions. When Al-10RE addition is 1.0%-1.5%, the holding time is 15 minutes and the holding temperature is 730°C-750°C, the microstructure of Zl203 is perfect. With the increase of Al-10RE addition, the mechanical properties including tensile strength, elongation rate and hardness gradually increase. When the Al-10RE addition is 1.0%-1.5%, the mechanical properties reaches maximum. When the Al-10RE addition is above 1.5%, the mechanical properties decrease with the increase of Al-10RE addition.

scholarly journals Comparison of mechanical and wearing properties between LM13 matrix and Stir cast LM13/B4C/Gr hybrid composites of various composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.1) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
M.H. Faisal ◽  
S. Prabagaran ◽  
T.S. Vishnu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Carbide Particles

Aluminium/graphite composites are the need of modern times for addressing the fuel saving issues. The graphite in such composites act as solid lubricant and it reduce external fuel requirements. But such composites are having degraded mechanical properties due to the graphite content in composite. In order to solve the negative effect of graphite on mechanical properties of LM13/Gr self-lubricating composite this study was conducted to find out the mechanical properties of LM13/B4C/Gr Metal Matrix Composites. Boron carbide was selected as reinforcement because of its better reinforcement properties compared to alumina and silicon carbide. The properties of the hybrid composites were compared with the LM13/Gr self-lubricating composite to study the enhancement in mechanical properties that has been caused by the boron carbide particles. Using computerized universal testing machine and rock-well hardness tester mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength were tested. Pin on disk testing machine was used to analyse the wear behavior. The test results indicates that by raising weight % of boron carbide particles in the LM13, tensile strength and hardness of the hybrid composites was increased compared to self-lubricating composite accompanied by better tribological properties.

Evaluating the Strength of the Friction Stir Welded Joints at Various Rotational Speeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 446-447 ◽  
pp. 312-315
Author(s):  
Ramaraju Ramgopal Varma ◽  
Abdullah Bin Ibrahim ◽  
B. Ravinder Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Welding Technique

The present research paper aims in evaluating the strength of the welded AA6351 alloy plates of 6 mm thick by using friction stir welding technique at different rotational speeds The applied welding technique is capable of achieving the mechanical properties of the alloy close to that of the original alloy. In the present investigation, the speeds of the spindle were varied from 1100 rpm to 1500 rpm with a constant transverse speed of 20 mm/min. The tensile strength of the joints is determined by an universal testing machine. The results from the present investigation show that the values of the yield strength were very much closer to the values of the AA6351Alloy prior to welding. It has been found from the experiments that the strength of the joints increases with the increase in the rotational speed; however, the same is decreasing after achieving certain speed.

The Effect of the Normalizing Rolling of S355J2G3 Steel Round Bars on the Selected Mechanical Properties of Finished Product

2010 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Błażej Laber ◽  
Henryk Dyja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Rolling Mill ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Constructional Steel ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Bar Rolling

The paper presents investigation results related to the effect of application of round plain bar normalizing rolling on the selected mechanical properties of finished product. The research was carried out for the process of rolling 38 mm-diameter plain round bars made of constructional steel S355J2G3, based on actual specifications used in industrial conditions in a continuous bar rolling mill. In the course of investigation the yield stress, YS, and the tensile strength, TS, were determined. With the aim of evaluating the effect of controlled (normalizing) rolling on the mechanical properties of the considered steel grade, Zwick Z/100 testing machine was employed and analytical relationships were used. On the basis of performed research work it was established that enhancement of mechanical properties of the considered steel can be obtained as a result of application of the normalizing rolling process.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties for Elephant Dung and its Utilization as a Raw Material Composites Sheet: A Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ramratan . ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Rajinder Singh Smagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elephant Dung

Elephant dung is an excellent source of cellulosic fiber that is a basic requirement for paper making. But they contributed to very small percentage production of elephant dung. So, researchers are trying to find a new area of utilization of elephant dung fiber pulp as in reinforcement’s polymer composite. In this experiment element dung fiber pulp in the natural fiber component chemically treated with alkaline and soda AQ solution in this study, it has been aimed to use elephant dung fiber pulp in composite material and to study mechanical properties of the produced material. The produced composite samples were then characterized using tensile test, Izod impact test, thickness test. The fracture surface of the polymer composite sample was also inspected with the help of SEM. The content of elephant dung fiber pulp is varied (35%, 45%, 55%) weight percentage whereas the epoxy resin is varied (50%, 40%, 30%) percentage is kept constant 15% in hardener. The entire sample has been tested in a universal testing machine as per ASTM standard for tensile strength and impact strength. It is observed that composite with 35% fiber pulp is having the highest tensile strength of 4mm 6.445 Mpa and 8mm 11.80 Mpa. The impact strength of composite with 35% fiber pulp washes highest than 45% to 55% dung fiber pulp. This produces composite sheet will be used for the surfboards, sporting goods, building panel this not only reduces the cost but also save from environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Preparation and properties of (epoxy resin)/(nylon 6,6 oligomer) blends

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Jason Bragg ◽  
◽  
Alberto Alvarez-Castillo ◽  
Monica Trejo-Duran ◽  
Victor Castano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Nylon 6,6

A series of polymer alloys based on different compositions of Nylon 6,6 oligomers (NYL66Oґs) and epoxy resin have been prepared. The oligomer was extracted from the waste residues of the industrial production of nylon 6,6 and was dissolved in the epoxy resin. The mixture was crosslinked at 333 K using dodecenylsuccinic anhydre (DDSA) as a curing agent. The tensile strength and flexural modulus were found to increase with the addition of NYLO66O up to a maximum value of 2 wt % oligomer content. Both, the tensile and impact strength show a maximum increase due to the addition of 35 wt % NYLO66O. The compressive strength testing revealed a considerable increase, up to 87 %, over that of the neat epoxy with the addition of 1 wt % NYLO66O. An interesting relationship between the mechanical properties and the developed morphology of the blends has been found.

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