scholarly journals Wroclaw Electronic Works: Wrocławskie Zakłady Elektroniczne „Elwro” 1959–2000

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-144
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Popiński
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Distance ◽  
Telecommunications Market ◽  
Works Council ◽  
Lower Silesia

Abstract Based on the research potential of the Wrocław higher education center and its achievements in mathematics and automation, Wrocławskie Zakłady Elektroniczne “Elwro” was launched in the capital of Lower Silesia, in the late 1950s. Starting with the production of relatively simple electrotechnical devices, the company transformed in just a few years into a manufacturer of digital machines of its own design, “Odra”. They have found wide application in science, administration, communication and industry − both in Poland and abroad, mainly in the Comecon member states. The 1970s were the period of the peak development of WZE “Elwro”, in which apart from devices of its own design, computers belonging to the so-called Uniform System of Digital Electronic Machines of Comecon countries, were also being produced. The effects of the economic crisis of the 1980s abruptly reduced the orders for computers produced in “Elwro”, and their development and production was slowed down by problems with obtaining materials that were scarce in the country and foreign currency for foreign purchases. The technological distance between the “Elwro” offer and the equipment manufactured in the leading countries of the West was growing. After the start of the system transformation in the country, the management of “Elwro” attempted to carry out radical organizational transformations and grant the company the status of a joint-stock company. However, they were held back for too long by both the lack of government support and the concerns of the works council. Meanwhile, deteriorating economic results forced the management of “Elwro” to reduce employment and sell more and more assets. Ultimately, in 1993, the plants were transformed into a sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury, and then sold to the German concern “Siemens”. For the new owner, the only thing that mattered was the access to the Polish telecommunications market obtained in this way. He did not use the still existing human resources and production potential of “Elwro” and, shortly after the purchase, practically liquidated the company. In 2000, its remains were sold to the American telecommunications company “Teletec Holding”, which changed the name of the company to “Teletec Polska” S.A.

scholarly journals Strategic development of cargo transit services: a case study analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Shpak ◽  
Zoriana Dvulit ◽  
Tatyana Luchnikova ◽  
Włodzimierz Sroka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Abc Analysis

Abstract Purpose. Recently, foreign economic activity in Ukraine has gradually shifted towards the European Union (EU). The EU’s special interest in the potential of Ukraine’s transit transport lies in the geographical position of the country, which is located on the main routes of international freight traffic. The article aims to study the status and development opportunities in the field of transit freight transport of the Ukrainian railway joint-stock company (JSC Ukrzaliznytsya) within the framework of European integration. Methodology. The article presents the analysis of the activity of the JSC Ukrzaliznytsya in the field of transit freight transport for the period of 2005-2017 and outlines the strategic prospects for its development as a significant transit route considering the conditions of European integration. The methodology included theoretical and practical research using statistical methods; methods of comparative analysis; ABC analysis method; and taxonomic method. Results. The JSC Ukrzaliznytsya was analysed to determine the status of its activity in the field of transit freight transportation for 2005-2017. A structural-dynamic analysis was made to estimate cargo volumes transported by railway enterprises and related revenues. 18 types of cargo were identified using the ABC analysis method based on two indicators, namely, “volumes of transportation” and “revenues from cargo transit”. Also, taxonomic indicators of the level of system development were considered and revenues from cargo transit for the analysed period were estimated. Finally, recommendations were proposed regarding the development of a joint-stock company as a strategic cargo transporter under the conditions of European integration with Ukraine. Practical implications (if applicable). The results of the conducted research and performed calculations confirmed the need to refocus the management activity of the JSC Ukrzaliznytsya in the field of cargo transit towards strategically important cargoes, which have the largest share in the structure of financial results. This will enable the company to achieve its leading role as a strategic transit carrier of the European Union in the near future.

scholarly journals FORECASTING PROCESSES OF MARITIME PASSENGER TERMINAL IN THE CLASS OF POLYNOMIAL MODELS

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Nikolaevich Maiorov
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Form ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Polynomial Models ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Port Infrastructure

Modern marine passenger terminals represent complex technical systems depending on the intensity of ship calls, passenger traffic, and influence of the environment and correct organization of internal processes. To achieve the sustainable development of the terminal it is necessary to take into account the multicriterion nature, which requires solving the task of identifying the processes, highlighting the key parameters and analyzing the status of the terminal. In the course of investigating the processes the primary issues become the discrete nature of the initial data, schedules of calls, time-tables. The process of steady operation of the terminal can be shown as a sequence of several operation modes taken in certain time moments, each being described by a certain set of port characteristics. Thus, the state of the system can be analyzed according to a set of selected parameters and the conditions for achieving the desired functioning can be evaluated. But, with this approach, it is rather problematic to solve the problem of forecasting, since the terminal infrastructure must cope with new challenges: increasing the size of the passenger liners and changing the route networks based on changing priorities of passengers. The number of local problems can be solved on the basis of models of queuing systems, but the greatest interest is to obtain the models in analytical form. To increase the efficiency of control over passenger flow and working processes on cruise ships and ferries there appears the need to create a complex of polynomial models. The object of the survey is a joint-stock company “Passenger Port of Saint Petersburg “Marine Facade”. Based on the states of the system characterized by the intensity of ship calls for the past periods, the tasks of constructing the analytical forecast function, of identifying the processes have been solved, as well as there has been defined the predicted number of ship calls to the port for the nearest navigation. The obtained results allow improving the quality of decision making on substantiating the modernization of the port infrastructure, solving the problem of forecasting the development of the terminal in order to meet the new challenges of the sea passenger transportation market.

scholarly journals Production resources as the basis of innovative approach in modernization of production of the enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
L. I. Sorokina ◽  
G. T. Kunafina ◽  
Ye. Yu. Udovitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Production Resources

Measures for the rational use of all groups of resources of any object of research are most relevant at the present stage of development of the economy of Kazakhstan from the standpoint of macroeconomic indicators. The importance of the above circumstance makes it possible to take into account the change in the performance indicators of the enterprise and the influence of factors on the final results of the economic activity of the enterprise. Elements of competition always allow us to assess the situation and make the necessary important decisions for a business entity. In this case, all resource groups that the enterprise possesses must be taken into account. Particular importance should be given to production resources, since they make it possible to assess the material and technical base of an enterprise, plan long-term tasks and evaluate the predicted values of indicators of economic and financial activity of any object of research. It should also be borne in mind that the assessment and analysis of enterprise performance indicators are important for improving the efficiency of production resources and determining the hidden reserves of the object of research. This article discusses the possibility of introducing an investment project into the activities of a joint-stock company as an element of the innovative improvement of the mechanism for using production resources in order to obtain greater profits and economic benefits. The proposed project is fully consistent with the industrial and innovation policy of Kazakhstan and has government support.

scholarly journals FORMY USTROJOWE SPÓŁKI AKCYJNEJ

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Marek Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Limited Liability ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Organisational Form ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Moment

An Organisational Form of a Joint Stock CompanySummaryA joint stock company constitutes the most organised and formalised type of a commercial partnership in the Polish law. Its economic significance results from the aim of such a legal construction to conduct huge business ventures requiring an engagement of considerable financial and human resources. Thus, the legislator regulated the topic of a joint stock company in a much detailed manner than in case of other commercial partnerships, including a limited liability company. Hence, a joint stock company is a pure type of an association of capital, without personal elements, which causes that its functioning is subjected to the formalised rules specified by the provisions of the law. These rules not only describe the precise manner of actions during the formation of the joint stock company but also assign three basic stages of the legal being of the company. These stages are described in the legal study as organisational forms of a joint stock company and they include: (i) the stage of organisation, so-called joint stock company in organisation, in which actions aimed at the formation of the company and obtaining of the status of a legal person are being undertaken. At this stage, the company in organisation already has the status of a legal person, therefore it may participate in the legal trade as its participant with full rights; (ii) stage of the proper company, which begins with the moment of registering the company in the court register, which means obtaining the legal personality by the company. From that moment, the joint stock company begins its statutory activity; (iii) stage of the company in liquidation, in which the actions aiming at the termination of the legal being of a joint stock company and its removal from the court register are undertaken.

Studying Demand for Institutes of Corporate Governance: Legal Aspects

2003 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Medvedeva ◽  
A. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Open Joint Stock Company ◽  
Open Joint ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Corporate Legislation

The article analyzes legal aspects of institutes of corporate governance. Different draft laws "On Joint-Stock Companies" are considered which reflected interests of separate groups of participants of market relations. Stages of property redistribution are outlined. The advantages of the model of the open joint-stock company are formulated. Special attention is paid to the demand for legal institutes of corporate governance as well as to the process of accepting the Federal Law "On Entering Amendments to the Federal Law "On Joint-Stock Companies"" which was enacted in 2002. The article contains proposals directed at improvement of corporate legislation.

К вопросу анализа природы развития стартап-компаний в экономическом пространстве РФ: проблемные аспекты и пути их решения, влияние экон. преобразований на совр. этапе; сравнит. ан-з с заруб. странами

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Геннадьевич Чепрасов ◽  
Карина Аскаровна Агадилова ◽  
Игорь Олегович Мячин
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Business Angels ◽  
Venture Investment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Status

В данной статье рассматриваются особенности становления российских стартап-компаний, ключевые проблемы развития и пути их решения. Проведен сравнительный анализ отечественных и зарубежных стартапов, где инновационные компании стали опорой экономики. Проанализирована статистика по состоянию стартапов России в настоящее время. Авторами отмечены главные предпосылки, которые ведут стартапы к провалу. Особое внимание уделено современным возможностям их финансирования. В статье описаны такие технологии финансирования как венчурное инвестирование, спонсирование бизнес-ангелами, государственная поддержка инновационных компаний, многоаспектная помощь бизнес-инкубаторов. Учтены преимущества и пробелы каждой из приведенных форм. This article discusses the features of the formation of Russian start-up companies, key development problems and ways to solve them. A comparative analysis of domestic and foreign startups, where innovative companies have become the backbone of the economy. Analyzed statistics on the status of startups in Russia at the present time. The authors noted the main prerequisites that lead startups to failure. Particular attention is paid to the modern possibilities of their financing. The authors described such financing technologies as venture investment, sponsorship by business angels, government support for innovative companies, multidimensional assistance from business incubators. Take into account the advantages and gaps of each of these forms.

Assessment of professional risk of health of workers of the enterprise for repair of railway carriage

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
O. Klepikov ◽  
A. Boreyko ◽  
G. Kurenkova
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study was to assess the professional risk of developing diseases in workers of the railway car repair enterprise. The Voronezh Car Repair Plant, a branch of Vagonremmash Joint-Stock Company, was chosen as the object of study. Methods: «The methodology for calculating individual occupational risk depending on the working conditions and the health status of the employee», developed by the Klin Institute for Protection and Working Conditions in conjunction with the Research Institute of Occupational Medicine (2013), the main professions; cohort study with the calculation of the relative risk of morbidity with temporary disability, the odds ratio, the etiological share of factors in the formation of morbidity (group size: 250 people, experimental group — workers of the main specialties, 95 people — comparison group). Results. According to the research results, the priority factors of occupational health risk include: chemical, noise, heating microclimate, low light level. For certain professions, the share of the contribution of priority factors to the risk profile (PV) reaches 40 %. The indicator of individual occupational risk is 0.12 to 0.26 units. The high level of professional risk (0.22 ÷ 0.26) is characterized by the working conditions of the mechanics for the repair of rolling stock, machine tools (woodworking), casters (metal), thermists, plastic casters. In professional groups with medium and high risk, the indicator of the relative risk of morbidity with temporary disability is higher than 1 (RR = 1.75 and 1.39, respectively), and the etiological share of production factors in the formation of diseases is from 27.95 (subgroup with secondary professional risk) up to 42.88 % (a subgroup with high professional risk), which indicates the professional condition of the disease. Discussion. In general, our data are consistent with the results of similar studies conducted earlier at the car building and car repair enterprises. In order to ensure hygienically safe working conditions and preserve the health of workers, it is necessary to reduce the level of exposure to production factors, including through the introduction of modern equipment and improvement of technological processes.

EVALUATION OF THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE INSURANCE ORGANIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Oleg Georgievich Blazhevich
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Equity Ratio

The article studies the financial stability of a particular insurance organization. The financial stability of the insurance company is an essential component of its activities and characterizes the ability to pay off its obligations on time and in full. The analysis of financial stability is defined as an independent object of evaluation, which explores the structure of the formation and use of capital. To assess the financial stability of the insurance company, a set of indicators was formed, including the following ratios: level of equity, ratio of equity to liabilities, ratio of insurance premiums and insurance reserves, ratio of working capital and non-current capital, level of permanent capital, ratio of equity and insurance reserves, level of debt load, level of insurance reserves. The insurance public joint-stock company RESO-Garantia was chosen as the object of analysis. The analysis showed that the capital structure in the insurance company under consideration is not optimal. The company has a shortage of insurance reserves, which is offset by equity.

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