scholarly journals Application of Bioremediation Techniques as a Potent Input for the Decontamination of Bitumen-Polluted Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Eganoosi Esme Atojunere ◽  
Kolawole Ogedengbe
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Bacillus Lentus ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Large Deposits

Abstract Large deposits of natural bitumen are found in some areas of Ondo State, Nigeria. Although the mineral is still unexploited, its seepage is enough to negatively influence the environment, especially water resources. This work was designed to determine the potential of four Bitumen Utilizing Microbes (BUM) for the purification of Bitumen-Polluted Water (BPW). BUM were screened differently with a control on the BPW drawn from the affected communities. The bitumen’s degradation was determined using a supplemented enrichment medium with a sample of the BPW, and the growth was monitored by taking temperature readings, pH values, the optical density at 600 nm, and the total viable count (TVC) on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 respectively. The bitumen removal rate varied with the time of the incubation until after the third week, when the lack of nutrients supposedly set in and toxic metabolites started building up, which slowed down the process. The BUMs were identified as Bacillus firmus, Bacillus lentus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus alvei. The bitumen removal trend showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Bacillus firmus >Bacillus lentus > Bacillus alvei and the control the least amount of removal.

scholarly journals Determination of Tolerance Potentials of Some Bacteria Species to Heavy Metals Isolated from Contaminated Gold Mining Soil in Abare, Zamfara State

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
H. Hauwa ◽  
C. M. Z. Whong ◽  
S. A. Ado ◽  
Abdulmumin, A. Nuhu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Bacillus Lentus ◽  
Mining Soil

This aim of this research was to determine the tolerance ability of Bacillus lentus, Bacillus firmus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The soil sample was analysed for it heavy metal content lead was found to be in abundance beyond tolerable limit followed by cupper. Several bacterial specie were also isolated and identified from the sample and some selected species were tested for their tolerance ability in different heavy metal concentration, It was recorded that pseudomonas aeruginosa was tolerant to lead (Pb) at 800 mgl-1 Bacillus lentus to cupper at 860 mgl -1 and Bacillus firmus to chromium at 1000mgl-1. It was concluded that despite the toxicity of some heavy metals some bacterial specie were still able to withstand the environment.

scholarly journals Bacillus firmus-Bacillus lentus: a Series or One Species?

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. GORDON ◽  
J. L. HYDE ◽  
J. A. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Bacillus Lentus

Comparative study of membrane filtration and enrichment media for the isolation and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sewage, surface water, and swimming pools

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Havelaar ◽  
M. During ◽  
E. H. M. Delfgou-Van Asch
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cellulose Ester ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Swimming Water

The recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on several selective culture media was tested using raw sewage and secondary sewage effluent samples as well as spiked chlorinated imitation swimming water and samples from whirlpools. mPA-medium B gave good recovery of both vital and chlorine-injured P. aeruginosa and selectivity was greater than 90% when analysing whirlpool samples. It is therefore the medium recommended for examination of chlorinated swimming pools. When analysing sewage polluted water with the mPA-B medium, reduced selectivity was noted from low verification rates and from overgrowth by competitive flora. A modified medium (mPA-D; addition of cetrimide, omission of sulphapyridine and actidione) was more selective and sufficiently recovered noninjured cells. Chlorine-injured cells were completely inhibited, however. C-390 (9-chloro-9-(4-diethylaminophenyl)-10-phenylacridan) was confirmed to be highly selective for P. aeruginosa when used in spread plates at a concentration of 30 μg/mL; P. aeruginosa was slightly inhibited. However, the medium could not be used with conventional membrane filtration techniques, because cellulose ester filters interfered with the selective action of C-390. Selectivity could be improved by using Gelman Tuffryn (polysulphone) filters and increasing the C-390 concentration to 120 μg/mL. At this concentration, however, the medium was strongly inhibitory to P. aeruginosa; resuscitation only partially improved recovery. Two other membrane filtration media were tested. Both cetrimide – nalidixic acid agar and Drake's medium No. 19 were inhibitory to chlorine-injured cells. Several types of membrane filters were tested and there was little difference between them. In the most-probable-number technique, recovery of P. aeruginosa was shown to be excellent when using asparagine broth. Malachite green broth was strongly inhibitory to chlorine-injured P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Photothermal-Induced Antibacterial Activity of Gold Nanorods Loaded into Polymeric Hydrogel against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal G. Al-Bakri ◽  
Nouf N. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Bacterial Cell Membrane

In this study, the photothermal-induced bactericidal activity of phospholipid-decorated gold nanorods (DSPE-AuNR) suspension against Pseudomonas aeruginosa planktonic and biofilm cultures was investigated. We found that the treatment of planktonic culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with DSPE-AuNR suspension (0.25–0.03 nM) followed by a continuous laser beam exposure resulted in ~6 log cycle reduction of the bacterial viable count in comparison to the control. The percentage reduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm viable count was ~2.5–6.0 log cycle upon laser excitation with different concentrations of DSPE-AuNR as compared to the control. The photothermal ablation activity of DSPE-AuNR (0.125 nM) loaded into poloxamer 407 hydrogel against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm resulted in ~4.5–5 log cycle reduction in the biofilm viable count compared to the control. Moreover, transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the photothermally-treated bacteria revealed a significant change in the bacterial shape and lysis of the bacterial cell membrane in comparison to the untreated bacteria. Furthermore, the results revealed that continuous and pulse laser beam modes effected a comparable photothermal-induced bactericidal activity. Therefore, it can be concluded that phospholipid-coated gold nanorods present a promising nanoplatform to eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm responsible for common skin diseases.

scholarly journals Removal of Sulfadiazine Using 3D Interconnected Petal-Like Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide (MrGO) Nanocomposites

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1933
Author(s):  
Jie Zhong ◽  
Yong Feng ◽  
Jin-Ling Li ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Guang-Guo Ying
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Pure Fe3o4 ◽  
Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide

Adsorption has been regarded as one of the most efficient and economic methods for the removal of antibiotics from aqueous solutions. In this work, different graphene-based magnetic nanocomposites using a modified solvothermal method were synthesized and employed to remove sulfadiazine (SDZ) from water. The adsorption capacity of the optimal magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MrGO) was approximately 3.24 times that of pure Fe3O4. After five repeated adsorption cycles, the removal rate of SDZ (100 μg/L) by MrGO nanocomposites was still around 89.3%, which was only about a 3% decrease compared to that in the first cycle. Mechanism investigations showed that both chemical and physical adsorption contributed to the removal of SDZ. The excellent adsorption performance and recyclability of MrGO nanocomposites could be attributed to their wonderful 3D interconnected petal-like structures. The MrGO with SDZ could be easily recollected by magnetic separation. The MrGO also exhibited excellent adsorption performance in the purification of real polluted water.

Rhamnolipids stabilize quorum sensing mediated cooperation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo García-Contreras ◽  
Daniel Loarca ◽  
Caleb Pérez-González ◽  
J Guillermo Jiménez-Cortés ◽  
Abigail Gonzalez-Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Serial Cultivation ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main models to study social behaviors in bacteria since it synthesizes several exoproducts, including exoproteases and siderophores and release them to the environment. Exoproteases and siderophores are public goods that can be utilized by the individuals that produce them but also by non-producers, that are considered social cheaters. Molecularly exoprotease cheaters are mutants in regulatory genes such as lasR, and are commonly isolated from chronic infections and selected in the laboratory upon serial cultivation in media with protein as a sole carbon source. Despite that the production of exoproteases is exploitable, cooperators have also ways to restrict the growth and selection of social cheaters, for instance by producing toxic metabolites like pyocyanin. In this work, using bacterial competitions, serial cultivation and growth assays, we demonstrated that rhamnolipids which production is regulated by quorum sensing, selectively affect the growth of lasR mutants and are able to restrict social cheating, hence contributing to the maintenance of cooperation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations.

scholarly journals Optimization of Synergistic Combination Regimens against Carbapenem- and Aminoglycoside-Resistant Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates via Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajbharan Yadav ◽  
Jürgen B. Bulitta ◽  
Roger L. Nation ◽  
Cornelia B. Landersdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Modeling ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dosage Regimens ◽  
Combination Regimens

ABSTRACT Optimizing antibiotic combinations is promising to combat multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to systematically evaluate synergistic bacterial killing and prevention of resistance by carbapenem and aminoglycoside combinations and to rationally optimize combination dosage regimens via a mechanism-based mathematical model (MBM). We studied monotherapies and combinations of imipenem with tobramycin or amikacin against three difficult-to-treat double-resistant clinical P. aeruginosa isolates. Viable-count profiles of total and resistant populations were quantified in 48-h static-concentration time-kill studies (inoculum, 107.5 CFU/ml). We rationally optimized combination dosage regimens via MBM and Monte Carlo simulations against isolate FADDI-PA088 (MIC of imipenem [MICimipenem] of 16 mg/liter and MICtobramycin of 32 mg/liter, i.e., both 98th percentiles according to the EUCAST database). Against this isolate, imipenem (1.5× MIC) combined with 1 to 2 mg/liter tobramycin (MIC, 32 mg/liter) or amikacin (MIC, 4 mg/liter) yielded ≥2-log10 more killing than the most active monotherapy at 48 h and prevented resistance. For all three strains, synergistic killing without resistance was achieved by ≥0.88× MICimipenem in combination with a median of 0.75× MICtobramycin (range, 0.032× to 2.0× MICtobramycin) or 0.50× MICamikacin (range, 0.25× to 0.50× MICamikacin). The MBM indicated that aminoglycosides significantly enhanced the imipenem target site concentration up to 3-fold; achieving 50% of this synergistic effect required aminoglycoside concentrations of 1.34 mg/liter (if the aminoglycoside MIC was 4 mg/liter) and 4.88 mg/liter (for MICs of 8 to 32 mg/liter). An optimized combination regimen (continuous infusion of imipenem at 5 g/day plus a 0.5-h infusion with 7 mg/kg of body weight tobramycin) was predicted to achieve >2.0-log10 killing and prevent regrowth at 48 h in 90.3% of patients (median bacterial killing, >4.0 log10 CFU/ml) against double-resistant isolate FADDI-PA088 and therefore was highly promising.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamics of the Antibacterial Effect of and Emergence of Resistance to Doripenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in anIn VitroPharmacokinetic Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 5009-5015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Bowker ◽  
Alan R. Noel ◽  
Sharon G. Tomaselli ◽  
Heather Elliott ◽  
Alasdair P. MacGowan
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Exposures ◽  
Unit Reduction

ABSTRACTAnin vitrodilutional pharmacokinetic model of infection was used to study the pharmacodynamics of doripenem in terms of the ability to killPseudomonas aeruginosaorAcinetobacter baumanniiand also changes in their population profiles. In dose-ranging studies, the cumulative percentages of a 24-h period that the drug concentration exceeds the MIC under steady-state pharmacokinetic conditions (TMICs) required for doripenem to produce a 24-h bacteriostatic effect and a −2-log-unit reduction in viable count were 25% ± 11% and 35% ± 13%, respectively, forP. aeruginosa(MIC range, 0.24 to 3 mg/liter) and 20% ± 11% and 33% ± 12%, respectively, forAcinetobacterspp. (MIC range, 0.45 to 3.0 mg/liter). ATMICof >40 to 50% produced a maximum response with both species at 24 h or 48 h of exposure. After 24 h of exposure to doripenem at aTMICin the range of 12.5 to 37.5%,P. aeruginosaandA. baumanniipopulation profiles revealed mutants able to grow on 4× MIC-containing medium; such changes were further amplified by 48 h of exposure. Dose-fractionation experiments targetingTMICs of 12.5%, 25%, or 37.5% as six exposures, two exposures, or a single exposure over 48 h with a single strain ofP. aeruginosaindicated that changes in population profiles were greatest with multiple exposures atTMICtargets of 12.5 or 25%. In contrast, multiple exposures at 37.5%TMICmost effectively suppressed total bacterial counts and changes in population profiles. Simulations of human doses of doripenem of 500 mg, 1,000 mg, 2,000 mg, and 3,000 mg every 8 h over 96 h showed marked initial killing up to 6 h but growback thereafter. Changes in population profiles occurred only in the regimen of 500 mg every 8 h againstP. aeruginosabut occurred with all dose regimens forA. baumanniistrains. A doripenemTMICof ≥40 to 50% is maximally effective in killingP. aeruginosaorA. baumanniiand suppressing changes in population profiles in short-term experiments for up to 48 h; however, aTMICof 12.5 to 25% amplifies population changes, especially with exposures every 8 h. In longer-term experiments, up to 96 h, even doripenem doses of 4 to 6 times those used in human studies proved incapable of pathogen eradication and prevention of changes in population profiles. The association of aTMICof 25 to 37.5% with changes in population profiles has implications in terms of future clinical breakpoint setting.

scholarly journals Microorganism levels in spray from warm-water bidet toilet seats: factors affecting total viable and heterotrophic plate counts, and examination of the fluctuations and origins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-358
Author(s):  
Toru Iyo ◽  
Keiko Asakura ◽  
Makiko Nakano ◽  
Kazuyuki Omae
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Heterotrophic Plate Counts

Abstract The objectives of this study were to conduct an appropriate microbial evaluation of warm-water bidet toilet seats. Health-related advantages and disadvantages have been associated with using warm-water bidet toilet seats, which are classified according to the tank type, including tanks equipped with reservoir water heaters and on-demand tankless systems equipped with an instantaneous water heater. However, related bacterial research is sparse. Here, we performed a long-term survey of the behavior of microorganisms (i.e., the total viable count (TVC), heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa count) in a university campus. We also examined the differences between the tank and on-demand types, and the origins of P. aeruginosa. A low TVC (≤1/mL) in the spray waters from both on-demand and tank-type warm-water bidet toilet seats showed low bacterial contamination, although there was an increase in HPC, i.e., growth of biofilms, inside in the warm-water bidet toilet seats. When P. aeruginosa was detected in spray water over an extended duration, the P. aeruginosa origin was considered as either from feces or tap water. Collectively our findings demonstrate that hygienic safety of warm-water bidet toilet seats is being maintained overall.

The Research with Advanced Oxidation Technology to Degrade Organic Matter in Micro-Polluted Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 804-808
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
He Ming Luo ◽  
Hui Xia Feng ◽  
Jian Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Technology ◽  
Oxidation Technology

Potassium permanganate process is an advanced oxidation technique that can provide a resolution removing organic matter in contaminated water. In this paper, the combination of composite potassium permanganate and a certain coagulant used in this process, which it was particularly suited to rapidly oxidize and degrade pollutants. It was an effective enhanced coagulation, advanced oxidation technique that could be conducted in a normal micro-polluted water environment. A series of experiment results demonstrated that the best adding quantity of composite potassium permanganate was 1.5-3.0mg/l, the best adding quantity of PFS as the coagulant was 25mg/l. Under the above conditions, potassium permanganate oxidation obviously reduced to each pollution index and greatly improved the water quality of purification of micro-polluted water. Furthermore, the organic removal rate with composite potassium permanganate was more than the unitary potassium permanganate process and the current traditional process.

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