scholarly journals Following the Principles of Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Ultrasonographers

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Jovanovic ◽  
Jelena Maric ◽  
Dejan Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Experience Pain

AbstractBackground/Aim. It has been noticed that doctors who regularly perform ultrasound examinations have different clinical manifestations of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this research is to examine the level of knowledge of ultrasonographers regarding preventative measures and health consequences of the forced body positions during work.Subjects and methods. The total of 75 doctors of both genders, aged 31-50 years, who use ultrasound diagnostics participated in the research. The research was conducted throughout 2016, as a cross-sectional study, with the aid of a structured questionaire.Results. The total of 60% subjects either rarely use the break during working hours or do not have a break at all. The participants most commonly use the movable monitor and the ability to wrap the cable around their arm (73,3%). This percentage is similar in all age groups. The respondents most often stated that they walk daily (41,3%), with no differences among age groups. 25% of the respondents negate any spine related pains, while over a half said that they experience pain in one segment of the spinal column (cervical, thoracic or lumbar), regardless of the age group. 52% said that they serch for information on their own accord, while 36% stated that they are not at all informed. Only in less than 10% of cases is information provided by the authorities in the institution where the participants are employed, and during regular health examinations, information is given by the designated doctor in 2,7% of cases.Conclusion. The respondents implement the recommendations regarding safe work and other preventative measures to a very small extent, regardless of gender and age. Most of the respondents experience pain in the spine and joints, which can be related to the work in ultrasound diagnostics. Additionally, doctors are not well-informed regarding the preventative measures.

scholarly journals Profiling of potential pulmonary fungal pathogens and the prevalence of the association between pulmonary tuberculosis and potential fungal pathogens in presumptive tuberculosis patients referred to Saint Peter’s Specialized Tuberculosis Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110561
Author(s):  
Adane Bitew ◽  
Solomon Bati
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: The burden of pulmonary fungal infection is increasing and often misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis in developing countries where the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis is high. |Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the spectrum of potential pulmonary fungal pathogens and the prevalence of the association between pulmonary tuberculosis and potential fungal pathogens. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2018 and May 2019. Sputum was collected from 636 study participants. Part of the sputum was inoculated onto Brain Heart Infusion agar, and fungi were identified following standard microbiological procedures. The remaining part of the sample was used for the investigation of pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: Among 636 sputum samples, 75.9% (483) and 25.6% (163) were positive for potential fungal pathogens and pulmonary tuberculosis, respectively. The prevalence of the association between pulmonary tuberculosis and potential fungal pathogens was 20.0%. Of fungal isolates, 81.4% were yeasts. The remaining 128 (18.6%) isolates were molds. The isolation rate of fungi was higher in males (51.6%) than in females (48.4%). There was no statistically significant association between the prevalence of potential pulmonary fungal pathogens and sex ( p = 0.239). Patients in the age group of 35 to 44 and above were slightly more affected than younger age groups. The association between potential fungal pathogens and age was not statistically significant ( p = 0.50). Conclusion: High prevalence of potential pulmonary fungal pathogens and the association of tuberculosis and potential fungal pathogens recorded in this study will enforce health personnel to pay due attention to these conditions and arise the interest of researchers to conduct further work on the burden of the association between tuberculosis and potential fungal pathogens. Our study also revealed the need to employ conventional microbiology tests along with clinical and radiological evidence since clinical manifestations and radiological pictures of tuberculosis mimic that of pulmonary fungal infection.

scholarly journals Pattern and Pain Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders Attending to Physiotherapy Services in Selected Physiotherapy Centres of Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Sanjida Akhter ◽  
Kazi Afzalur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common causes of severe long-term pain and physical disability, affecting hundreds of millions of people around the world. Among different modalities of treatment and management for musculoskeletal pain, physiotherapy might be cost-effective.Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the pattern and pain assessment of musculoskeletal disorders attending to physiotherapy services in selected physiotherapy centers of Dhaka city.Materials and method: It was a cross sectional study. Sample size was 400 and a pre-tested, modified, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0.Results: Majority of the respondents (69.2%) belonged to 46-65 year age group with least in extreme age groups. Mean±SD of age was 33.58±12.33 years. Most of the respondents were male (69.2%). Study revealed that neck pain (75.2%) was the major complaint followed by back pain (48.00%). Regarding pattern of pain, intermittent (73.2%) type was predominant. Muscle spasm (29.2%) was the main cause for musculoskeletal pain followed by degenerative diseases (27.5%). Of the respondents 55.00% received traction, 91.25% exercise, 21.25% manipulation, 97.95% short wave diathermy, 85.00% ultrasound therapy, 33.75% infra red ray, and 12.75% electrical stimulation as physiotherapy treatment. There were statistically significant difference between sex and severity of pain (p=0.019), educational status and pain persisting time in years (p=0.000). There was also statistically highly significant difference between severity of pain responses before and after physiotherapy treatment (p=0.000).Conclusion: Study concluded that common areas of musculoskeletal pain were neck followed by back and shoulder and pain characteristics were intermittent, radiating, numbness, burning in nature. Respondents had taken medication and different type of physiotherapy services, including traction, exercise, short wave diathermy and ultrasound therapyDelta Med Col J. Jul 2015; 3(2): 83-88

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1291-1294
Author(s):  
Woyram Abla Kofi- Bediako ◽  
Gideon Sama ◽  
Cosmos Yarfi ◽  
Delali Ed-Bansah ◽  
Augustine Appah Acquah
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Nurses are at an increased risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) especially in developing countries, where the use of assistive technology to minimize the adverse effects of manual handling and poor patient lifting are lacking. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the prevalence of WRMSDs among nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital in Ghana using the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. Results indicated a 94% prevalence of WRMSDs, with a significantly higher (p=0.031) prevalence in females (97%) than males (87%). Age and working hours were significantly associated with MSDs (p=0.048, p=0.001, respectively). The most prevalent WRMSDs by body region were low back pain (73.3%), upper back pain (55.7%), ankle/feet pain (55.0%), and neck pain (35.5%). A high prevalence of WRMSDs exist among nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital. A detailed assessment of ergonomic exposures among nurses in Ho is warranted to better understand the causes of WRMSDs among this population.

scholarly journals Ergonomic risk factors and Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Fireworks workers in West Bengal, India: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakir Md Hossain ◽  
Subhadeep Ganguly ◽  
Payel Laskar
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Cottage Industries

Fireworks industries are very old, unorganized cottage industries in West Bengal mainly confined in South 24 Parganas. The present investigation was intended to investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the workers and to identify the causative factors behind it. In this present study, 152 male fireworks workers from different age groups and 100 control subjects were investigated. Modified Nordic questionnaires were used to identify the region-wise disorders. The Hand Grip strength of both groups was also estimated. Among the fireworks workers posture related musculoskeletal disorders were severely observed in the lower back which was aggravated with the advancement of age and working experience. Pain and stiffness were also reported in the neck, upper back, wrist, elbow, knee and ankle. A lower backrest with support at the lumber region is strongly recommended. [Key words: Fireworks, cottage, prevalence, musculoskeletal, Nordic]

scholarly journals WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL EFFECTS IN EMPLOYEES REPORTING TO FIELD HOSPITAL IN MONROVIA, LIBERIA, A SURVEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S153-57
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Munir ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Naveed Asif
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

Objective: To analyze work related effects on musculoskeletal system in employees reporting to Pakistan Field Hospital level II (PFH lvl II) Star Base, Monrovia, Liberia. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: PFH lvl II, Star Base, Monrovia, Liberia, from Apr to Sep 2017. Methodology: We enrolled 104 patients 30-60 years (years) consecutively, who were given a questionnaire regarding demographic and work related musculoskeletal issues. Type of work is divided into two categories as desk work/computer work and physical. Musculoskeletal issues were divided into head-ache, upper limb/cervical issues, lower limb/nonspecific back issues and combined upper and lower limb issues. Descriptivestatistics were used for variables under study. Pearson Chi square test (X2) and odd’s ratios (OR) were calculated. Results: Our study showed 48 (46%) suffering from Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) as compare to 56 (54%) who were symptom free. There were increase in percentage of MSDs with increase in age groups. Desk related issues (58.8%) were more common in 41–50 yrs age whereas manual work related MSDs (72.2%) were predominant in 31–40 yrs group. Gender OR = 14.806, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 3.2-68.3 and obesity (OR = 2.727,95% CI: 1.0-7.1) showed strong association with work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Conclusion: Our study will raise awareness of work related musculoskeletal effects and measures to avoid them.Keywords: , , .

scholarly journals Child Injury Burden and Risk Profile in a Bangladeshi Rural Community: an Age-Group Related Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawroz Afreen ◽  
Mallick Masum Billah ◽  
Meerjady Sabrina Flora
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Child Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor Injury ◽  
Major Injury

Abstract Background:Child injury was a growing public health problem in Bangladesh. Recent information on variation in patterns of non-fatal injury, severity, and risk-profile in rural Bangladeshi children was unavailable. This study aimed to determine current burden of non-fatal injury and risks considering severity in disability-days in child age-groups in a rural community. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly chosen children (<18-year) from selected households of village-clusters with pretested semi-structured questionnaires and checklist for household-environment between May-June 2018 in selected sub-district. Besides descriptive analysis, Chi-square test and Odds Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated for identifying risk profiles. An injury was considered minor when regular activities were hampered <30 days and major when ≥30 days. A minor injury must have occurred in the previous three months and a major injury in previous year.Results:For 918 children, prevalence of major and minor injury were 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-3.6) and 7.4 (95% CI 5.8-9.3) with highest in 5-9 and 1-4-year respectively. Commonest pattern was fall injury, followed by cut injury, transport injury and burn for both major and minor type, with variations in age-groups. For major-injury, risks included male gender (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-18.9), dumped garbage (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.5-26.7), and exclusive/complementary use of non-electric power-source (OR 5, 95% CI 1.2-16.1). For minor-injury, risks for all age groups were ≥5 working hours/day of a mother (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2-7.2), supervision of <6 children during her works (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.05-13) and open fireplaces (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-7.2). When analysis of minor injury considering specific age-groups was done, mothers’ ≥5 working hours and child-supervision were particularly found risky for 1-4 year; open fireplaces for 5-9 year; along with male gender, uneducated mothers for 10-14 year. Conclusions: Prevalence of major and minor injuries were though lower, still required intervention for further reduction and the variabilities in burden, patterns, severity and risks among age-groups could be considered for prioritizing interventions. As risk characteristics were not well established in a cross-sectional study, further case-control study with a qualitative part was recommended for assimilation of risk-profile to guide policy formulation.

scholarly journals Problems in patient management and the impact of osteoporosis therapy on the incidence of clinical infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
O. M. Lesnyak ◽  
E. N. Gladkova ◽  
K. E. Zotkina ◽  
A. L. Grigoryeva ◽  
Yu. A. Safonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Osteoporosis Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Medical Care ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
The Impact

The global diversion of health resources during the COVID-19 pandemic from the provision of routine medical care, and the more frequent and severe course of this infection in older patients justify the need to study the impact of the pandemic on the management of patients with osteoporosis.Aim – to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of patients with osteoporosis, as well as the impact of anti-osteoporotic drugs on the incidence of COVID-19.Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including a telephone survey and analysis of outpatient records of 304 patients with osteoporosis, who were recommended therapy with anti-osteoporotic medications. The average age was 70.8±8.8 years. The vast majority of patients took bisphosphonates in oral or parenteral forms.Results. Problems with the timely conduct of laboratory tests were noted by 91 (30.4%) subjects, DXA testing – 98 (32.8%). 65 (22.1%) were unable to receive the drug in a timely manner. Problems were more common when taking parenteral drugs (p=0.002). The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 12.2%, which is twice as high as in the population. There was a tendency to a lower incidence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection when treated with denosumab or zoledronic acid. COVID-19 cases were not associated with either a vitamin D dose or a 25(OH)D level.Conclusions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a significant decline in the quality of medical care for patients with osteoporosis, which cannot but lead to a new epidemic in the future – an epidemic of low-energy fractures. Our data confirmed the predisposition of older age groups to a higher incidence of COVID-19. However, there is no clear association of osteoporosis therapy with the risk of developing clinical manifestations of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Brucellosis in Herat Province, Afghanistan: Epidemiological Status and Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Abedi ◽  
Frozan Salguqie ◽  
Effat Alemzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Brucella Infection ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Background: Human brucellosis, also known as Malta fever, is an acute systemic zoonotic disease in several parts of the world. The most pathogenic Brucella specie is Brucella melitensis that occurs in the human population of all age groups and of both sexes. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate human Brucella infection in Afghanistan. Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study were 44 patients diagnosed with Brucella infection during eight months and confirmed using Wright test by physicians of Iran Clinic Hospital. For data analysis, a statistical model was used through SPSS. Results: The most affected patients were female housewives (40.9%) and students (18.18%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were recurrent attacks of fever (95.34%), weight loss (81.39%), loss of appetite (79.06%), musculoskeletal pain (69.76%), boredom (67.44%), and lethargy (60.46%). A total of 41 (93.18%) patients mentioned the consumption of unpasteurized milk as the source of infection. Conclusions: The study results revealed that the main route of Brucella transmission in Afghanistan is the consumption of contaminated dairy products. The highest prevalence of brucellosis was observed among the young and middle-aged populations and housewives.

scholarly journals High rate of human enteroviruses among clinically suspected meningitis cases at selected Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258652
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Alemu Wami ◽  
Gadissa Bedada Hundie ◽  
Rozina Ambachew ◽  
Zenebe Gebreyohannes Berhe ◽  
Alem Abrha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Bivariate Correlation

Background Because of limited infrastructure and skilled human capital, the etiology of meningitis is rarely identified in developing countries like Ethiopia. This results in unnecessary antibiotics use, economic crisis, hospitalization, and related nosocomial infections. Thus, we aimed to assess the epidemiology of human enteroviruses (HEVs) among clinically suspected meningitis cases in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2020 at selected Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from 146 clinically suspected meningitis and bacterial culture-negative patients. SPSS v 21.0 was used for data analysis and bivariate correlation was done for the association between variables of interest. Results HEVs were detected in 39 (26.7%) of the 146 clinically suspected meningitis cases. Most of the HEVs cases 28 (71.9%) were detected in younger-aged infants less than 1 year. The most commonly observed clinical manifestations were vomiting (75.5%) followed by fever (56.8%) and impaired consciousness or irritability (50.7%). The mean length of hospital stay for patients with enteroviral meningitis was 9 days. Many patients with HEVs were recovered with sequelae (46.2%), and HEVs has contributed for one out of the nine meningeal deaths (11.1%). Conclusions HEVs were found to be the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Many of the patients were mistreated with antibiotics and hospitalized. The detection of HEVs in 26.7% of clinically suspected meningitis cases indicated the need for molecular tests in investigating the etiology of meningitis. Therefore, we suggest the introduction of molecular tests as a routine practice in referral hospitals and the need to further characterize circulating HEVs strains.

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

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