scholarly journals Interaction Between Consumers and Emerging forms of Artificial Intelligence: A Discriminant Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Corina Pelău ◽  
Irina Ene
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

AbstractThe interaction between consumers and companies has been changed because of the development and implementation of artificial intelligence. On one hand, the implementation of artificial intelligence systems increases the efficiency and rapidity of certain processes, by making the life of consumers and companies easier. On the other hand, their implementation brings certain challenges because of the changes it involves, including the acceptance of artificial intelligence systems by the consumers, the ability to learn how to operate the robots as well as the protection of the information gathered by these systems. In this paper, we aim to measure the acceptance of consumers regarding different forms of artificial intelligence systems. By applying a discriminant analysis, we measure the preference of consumers towards human versus robot interaction as well as between different types of robots with different forms and degrees of anthropomorphic characteristics. The results show that consumers prefer human interaction to the interaction with robots, especially in cases where they are not familiar with the robot interaction. Besides, they prefer the communication to classic robots in comparison to human holograms and they have a certain curiosity towards humanoid robots in opposition to classic robots.

scholarly journals Chatbot and its Practical Applications in the Materialistic World

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4459-4463
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

These days Chat has become the new way of conversation and changed the way of life and the view that the world used to see before and due to Industrial revolution 4.0 , the gradual increase in machine learning and artificial intelligence fields has gone to higher and many companies are reaching customers to get their products with more ease . This is where chatbots are used. It all started with one question! can machines think? The concept of chatbots came into existence to check whether the machines could fool users and make them think that they are actually talking to humans and not robots. On the Other hand, with the Successes Rate of Chat bots, Different companies Started using machines for having conversations with their customers about everything which made their work simpler and reduced the need of man power. There are many different types of building a chatbot but this paper will mainly concentrate on building a Chatbot using TensorFlow API in python

scholarly journals El sesgo de la máquina en la toma de decisiones en el proceso penal.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-71
Author(s):  
Raquel Borges Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
The One

Artificial intelligence has countless advantages in our lives. On the one hand, computer’s capacity to store and connect data is far superior to human capacity. On the other hand, its “intelligence” also involves deep ethical problems that the law must respond to. I say “intelligence” because nowadays machines are not intelligent. Machines only use the data that a human being has previously offered as true. The truth is relative and the data will have the same biases and prejudices as the human who programs the machine. In other words, machines will be racist, sexist and classist if their programmers are. Furthermore, we are facing a new problem: the difficulty to understand the algorithm of those who apply the law.This situation forces us to rethink the criminal process, including artificial intelligence and spinning very thinly indicating how, when, why and under what assumptions we can make use of artificial intelligence and, above all, who is going to program it. At the end of the day, as Silvia Barona indicates, perhaps the question should be: who is going to control global legal thinking?

scholarly journals Applicability of Artificial Intelligence in Decision-Making for Land Forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 039-054
Author(s):  
Paul Tudorache
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
The Other ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Military

Similar to other fields, also in the military one, the Artificial Intelligence has become recently an evident solution for optimizing specific processes and activities. Therefore, this research paper aims to highlight the potential uses of Artificial Intelligence in the military operations carried out by the Land Forces. In this regard, analysing the framework of the operations process and applying suitable research methodology, the main findings are related to AI’s contributions in optimizing commander’s decisions during the progress of planning and execution. On the other hand, picturing the AI upgrated combat power of the Land Forces is another significant result of this study.

Assessing the Utilization of Automata in Representing Players' Behaviors in Game Theory

Game Theory ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Khaled Suwais
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Finite Automata ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Of Art

Representing players' strategies in game theory has a direct impact on the players' performance. The state of art shows that automata are one of the primary techniques used for representing players' strategies and behaviors. In this paper, the author will identify different types of automata and assess their utilization in the field of game theory. Is has been found that finite automata, adaptive automata, and cellular automata are widely adopted in game theory. The utilization of finite automata is found to be limited to represent simpler players' behavior. On the other hand, adaptive automata and cellular automata are intensively applied in complex environments, where the number of interacted players is large and therefore, representing complex behaviors are needed.

The Effects of Industry 4.0 on Labor Force Attributes and New Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-454
Author(s):  
Mehmet Saim Aşçı
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
New Challenges

Unmanned factories became a topic of discussion after the concept of Industry 4.0 was first introduced in the Hannover Fair in 2001, and increasing the computerization level in business life and supporting the production processes with advanced technology were determined as targets. In this regard, artificial intelligence and increased automation are expected to create new kinds of jobs in the coming years; however, a significant problem is predicted considering that these changes will invalidate a high number of job types exist today. Thus, the workforce will face a severe unemployment threat. As a result of all of this, radical changes in the work methods, along with means of seeking employment, are now considered. The qualities of the work and the workforce are being transformed along with the organization methods of the production. While on the other hand, it becomes evident that education also has to adapt to this transformation. In this study, the issues the labor might have to face during this period will be discussed, along with what could be done to solve these problems.

scholarly journals How Far Can One Push the Noble Gases Towards Bonding?: A Personal Account

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajit Saha ◽  
Gourhari Jana ◽  
Sudip Pan ◽  
Gabriel Merino ◽  
Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Noble Gases ◽  
Activation Barrier ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Account ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

Noble gases (Ngs) are the least reactive elements in the periodic table towards chemical bond formation when compared with other elements because of their completely filled valence electronic configuration. Very often, extreme conditions like low temperatures, high pressures and very reactive reagents are required for them to form meaningful chemical bonds with other elements. In this personal account, we summarize our works to date on Ng complexes where we attempted to theoretically predict viable Ng complexes having strong bonding to synthesize them under close to ambient conditions. Our works cover three different types of Ng complexes, viz., non-insertion of NgXY type, insertion of XNgY type and Ng encapsulated cage complexes where X and Y can represent any atom or group of atoms. While the first category of Ng complexes can be thermochemically stable at a certain temperature depending on the strength of the Ng-X bond, the latter two categories are kinetically stable, and therefore, their viability and the corresponding conditions depend on the size of the activation barrier associated with the release of Ng atom(s). Our major focus was devoted to understand the bonding situation in these complexes by employing the available state-of-the-art theoretic tools like natural bond orbital, electron density, and energy decomposition analyses in combination with the natural orbital for chemical valence theory. Intriguingly, these three types of complexes represent three different types of bonding scenarios. In NgXY, the strength of the donor-acceptor Ng→XY interaction depends on the polarizing power of binding the X center to draw the rather rigid electron density of Ng towards itself, and sometimes involvement of such orbitals becomes large enough, particularly for heavier Ng elements, to consider them as covalent bonds. On the other hand, in most of the XNgY cases, Ng forms an electron-shared covalent bond with X while interacting electrostatically with Y representing itself as [XNg]+Y−. Nevertheless, in some of the rare cases like NCNgNSi, both the C-Ng and Ng-N bonds can be represented as electron-shared covalent bonds. On the other hand, a cage host is an excellent moiety to examine the limits that can be pushed to attain bonding between two Ng atoms (even for He) at high pressure. The confinement effect by a small cage-like B12N12 can even induce some covalent interaction within two He atoms in the He2@B12N12 complex.

scholarly journals Impacts of Land Ownership on the Economic Performance and Viability of Rice Farming in Thailand

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Amorn Pochanasomboon ◽  
Witsanu Attavanich ◽  
Akaranant Kidsom
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The Other ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

This article evaluates the impacts of land ownership on the economic performance and viability of rice farming in Thailand, and explores whether they are heterogeneous across different types of farming while using the propensity score matching (PSM) technique. This study categorizes land ownership into two types: full land ownership and weak land ownership. We reveal that full land ownership enhances the rice yield of small and midsize farms, with values of 115.789–127.414 kg/hectare and 51.926–70.707 kg/hectare, respectively. On the other hand, weak land ownership only enhances the rice yield of small farms, with an increased yield of 65.590–72.574 kg/hectare. Full land ownership also helps to reduce the informal debt of small and midsize farms by $16.972–$24.877 per farm and $31.393–$37.819 per farm, respectively. On the other hand, weak land ownership helps to reduce the informal debt of midsize farms, ranging from $36.909 to $44.681 per farm. Therefore, policy makers should encourage small and midsize farm households to adopt full land ownership instead of weak land ownership, as this will provide the greatest benefits to farm households and efficient land use.

scholarly journals THE CULTIVATION OF TRICHOMONAS OF THE HUMAN MOUTH (TETRATRICHOMONAS HOMINIS)

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuzo Ohira ◽  
Hideyo Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Deep Groove ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Trichomonades from the mouth were studied by Steinberg who proposed to group them into three distinct types; namely, Trichomonas elongata, Trichomonas caudata, and Trichomonas flagellata. Doflein (3) regards them as probably identical with Trichomonas hominis. Opinions differ as to whether or not Trichomonas vaginalis Donné and Trichomonas hominis Grassi are the same species. Lynch, for instance, believes that they are the same species, while von Prowazek (4), Bensen (5), and others (6, 7) insist that they are different types. Bensen's view seems to be well supported by the difference alleged to be found between the mode of encystment in the two trichomonades, were it not for the fact that our knowledge about the so called cyst of trichomonades is still obscure. According to Alexeieff (8) many of the so called cysts were evidently blastomyces contained in the cell body of the trichomonas. An autogamy alleged to take place in cysts as described by Bohne and von Prowazek (9) has not been confirmed by Dobell (10). And Wenyon (11) contends that it has never been found possible to produce any development of these cysts outside the body on the warm stage as can be done with the cysts of Entamœba coli. Therefore, it is still premature to take the process of encystment into consideration as far as the classification of trichomonas is concerned. On the other hand, Rodenwaldt (12) seems to think that there are many species of trichomonas in the human intestines, and Wenyon has described a new trichomonas from the human intestines (Macrostoma mesnili Wenyon). Further cultural studies in the morphology and biology of these organisms must be carried out in order to solve these problems. In the light of modern investigations there are five subgenera to be included under the genus Trichomonas Donné. They are as follows: (1) Protrichomonas Alexeieff, with three anterior flagella, without an undulating membrane. (2) Trichomastix Biitschli) with three anterior flagella and a trailing flagellum (Schleppgeissel) without an undulating membrane. (3) Trichomonas Donné, with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. (4) Macrostoma Alexeieff, Amend, Wenyon (11), with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane wedged in a deep groove (peristome). (5) Tetratrichomonas Parisi (13), with four anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. As far as our culture trichomonas from the human mouth is concerned, it has been shown that it is not strictly a trichomonas and that it should be classed under the subgenus Tetratrichomonas.

OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETRIC YIELD: A TUTORIAL

1992 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 95-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN W. DIRECTOR ◽  
PETER FELDMANN ◽  
KANNAN KRISHNA
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parametric Yield ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

Yield loss can be characterized as either catastrophic or parametric. Catastrophic yield loss is primarily due to local disturbances, such as spot defects, that occur in a manufacturing process. On the other hand, parametric yield loss is due to global disturbances, such as mask misalignment. In this paper we briefly explore these two different types of yield loss and then review some methods that have been developed to maximize parametric yield.

scholarly journals Bayesian over-dispersed Poisson model and the Bornhuetter & Ferguson claims reserving method

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. England ◽  
Richard J. Verrall ◽  
Mario V. Wüthrich
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prior Distributions ◽  
Prediction Uncertainty ◽  
General Insurance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chain Ladder ◽  
The One ◽  
Classical Chain

AbstractWe consider the Bayesian over-dispersed Poisson (ODP) model for claims reserving in general insurance. We choose two different types of prior distributions for the parameters and then study the different Bayesian predictors. This study leads, on the one hand, to the classical chain ladder predictor and, on the other hand, to Bornhuetter & Ferguson predictors. We highlight (either analytically or numerically) how these predictors are obtained and how their prediction uncertainty can be determined.

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