scholarly journals Development of new winter and spring wheat varieties in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Vija Strazdiņa
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
The State ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety

Development of new winter and spring wheat varieties in Latvia The newest wheat varieties developed at the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute are winter wheat ‘Fredis’ and spring wheat ‘Uffo‘ and ‘Robijs‘. The winter wheat variety ‘Fredis‘ (‘Donskaya Polukarlikovaya‘/‘Abe‘//‘Lowrin 24‘) was developed from 1986 to 2002. The variety has good winter hardiness (7-9 points), earliness (growing period 212-215 days from 1 January), and average yield is 6.0 t ha -1. Grain quality is suitable mostly for food. The variety was registered in the Latvian Plant Catalogue in 2007 and in the Estonian Plant Catalogue in 2011. In the period from 1992 to 2007, the new spring wheat variety ‘Uffo‘ (Sigma/Eta) was created. Variety ‘Uffo‘ is a mid-early variety, with yield potential 6-8 t ha-1, and moderate lodging resistance (5-7 points). Grain quality is suitable for food and feed. The variety ‘Uffo‘ was included in the Latvian Plant Catalogue in 2008 and in the Estonian Plant Catalogue in 2009. The spring wheat variety ‘Robijs‘, obtained from the crossing combinations Dragon/Anninia//Fasan//Fasan by anther culture, was developed at the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute in collaboration with the Institute of Biology Latvian University from 2000 to 2007. The variety is a middle-early wheat, and is characteriszed by high yield potential (6-8 t ha-1), moderate resistance to lodging (7 points). It has moderate resistance to powdery mildew (3-5 point) and brown rust (10-25%). The grain quality is suitable for food. The variety was included in the Latvian Plant Catalogue in 2011.

Variability of resistance to common bunt of wheat

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pospisil ◽  
J. Benada ◽  
I. Polisenská
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Tilletia Caries ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety

During 1997–1998, the reaction of the collections of winter and spring wheat varieties to Tilletia caries was determined. In both years the most diseased winter varieties were Simona and Sparta, the least diseased were Samara and Ilona. High variability in the level of infection was observed in some varieties (VIada, Estica, Regina, Vega). No winter wheat variety was completely resistant. The most diseased spring wheat variety was Alexandria in both years, while Grandur showed no infection. High variability in the level of infection was observed in the special trials with cv. Ina and Contra. In trials of the efficacy of seed dressing against T. caries and T. laevis there was variability only in the controls, but not in dressed variants.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF THE NEW WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETY ‘IRIDAS’

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. A. Morozov ◽  
V. V. Ivanov ◽  
I. V. Samsonov ◽  
T. V. Ryabova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Variety Testing

Winter wheat is the most important food crop, which has a significant share in the structure of the grain area of Russia. The production of high-quality wheat grain is limited by significant variation and sharp fluctuations of the soil-climatic and other factors both within the regions and through the years. All this negatively affects the amount of productivity and its quality. The development of new varieties with high productivity and at the same time high-quality grain and flour, regardless of growing conditions, is an urgent and present task for plant-breeding. The tasks in the selection work of the FSSP “Prikumskaya Experimental Breeding Station” to increase the adaptive traits were fulfilled due to the development of the new winter wheat varieties which combine better productivity and grain quality. In 2015–2016 the varieties ‘Kadril’, ‘Iridas’ and ‘Korona’ were given to the State Variety Testing. Due to the positive results of testing in the North Caucasus region the new variety ‘Iridas’ was included in the State List of Breeding Achievements in 2019. The variety was obtained as a result of individual selection from the hybrid population ‘Prikumskaya 140’ × ‘Kroshka’. During the years of the State Variety Testing (2017-2018) at the plots of the Stavropol Territory, the variety ‘Iridas’ showed productive advantages in the extremely dry and arid zones compared to the standard varieties ‘Grom’ and ‘Ayvin’ with an increase of 0.31–0.43 t/ha, respectively. The maximum productivity (10.79 t/ha) during the years of testing was obtained at the Stavropol SVTS. The variety’ Iridas’ produces large kernels with high baking characteristics. According to ARCVQE, quality indicators of ‘Iridas’ grain meet the standards for valuable wheat. The protein percentage in the grain is 13.0, gluten percentage is 30.4, IGD is 67.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE НА IНТРОДУКОВАНI СОРТИ ПШЕНИЦІ

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Pastoshchuk ◽  
L. M. Butsenko ◽  
L. M. Skivka
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety

Pseudomonas syringae, the causal agent of basal bacteriosis of wheat, is the most dangerous wheat pathogen in Ukraine. The phytopathogen affects all parts of plants and seeds, and may be the cause of their low germination. It also causes empty-head leading to crop losses and quality decrease. P syringiae survives on host plant residues, in soil and on seed. Seed infestation can play an important role in disease epidemiology. An important component of the outer membrane and the virulence factor of phytopathogenic bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which participates in pathogenesis processes, and is responsible for toxigenicity and immunogenicity of causal agents. The strategic importance of wheat in the agrarian market of Ukraine actualizes the research into the varieties resistant to basal bacteriosis. The study aims to determine the effects of phytopathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens and P. syrіngae pv. atrofaciens, as well as their LPS on seeds of different wheat varieties. Bacterial strains were obtained from the collection of live cultures at the department of phytopathogenic bacteria of D. K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NASU. To conduct the experiment a suspension of living cells of the pathogen with a concentration of 109 CFU / ml and LPS solution at the concentration of 5 mg/ml was used. Exposure time was 24 h. The seed germination and the length of the main root of the sprout were determined after 4 days of germination period. Phytotoxic effect of P. syrіngae cells and their LPS was investigated using two varieties of winter wheat (Discus and Huculus) and spring wheat variety of Grenny. Introduced in Ukraine wheat varieties of foreign breeding Discus, Hukulus and Grenny were characterized by moderate sensitivity to phytopathogenic bacteria P. syrinae pv. coronafaciens and P. syrіngae pv. atrofaciens, as well as to their LPS. The most resistant to the phytopathogenic effect of P. syrіngae pathovars were the grains of the variety of winter wheat Discus. Live bacterial suspensions exerted a more pronounced phytotoxic effect, compared to their LPS, towards wheat grains of winter varieties and less pronounced than LPS - towards grain of spring wheat variety.

Performance and stability of performance of spring wheat variety mixtures in organic and conventional management systems in western Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. E. E. KAUT ◽  
H. E. MASON ◽  
A. NAVABI ◽  
J. T. O'DONOVAN ◽  
D. SPANER
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Variety Mixtures ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety

SUMMARYWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety mixtures represent a relatively unexplored avenue for maintaining and stabilizing yield for both organic and conventional producers. The present study examined the responses of three Canadian western red spring wheat varieties in sole crop and in variety mixtures to varying levels of simulated and natural competition, as well as environmental stress at one conventionally and two organically managed locations in central Alberta, Canada, between 2003 and 2005. Three modern hard red spring wheat varieties (Superb, semi-dwarf; AC Intrepid, early maturing and 5600HR, tall), along with 13 two- and three-way variety mixtures, were planted under two levels of simulated weed (Brassica juncea L.) competition at each of the eight location-years. The B. juncea weed competition treatment decreased yields at all locations. Overall yield was lowest at the certified organic farm and highest under conventional management. Sole-crop semi-dwarf Superb and all three Superb–Intrepid mixture entries consistently yielded among the highest, regardless of management system, testing location or competition treatment. The 1:1 and 1:2 Superb–Intrepid mixture entries were the most stable of all entries tested. Early season vigour was strongly associated with yield, with the strongest correlation occurring under low-moisture, low-nutrient, high-competition conditions at the certified organic farm. Spring wheat variety mixtures may provide greater stability with little or no reduction in yield, while providing greater competitive ability.

scholarly journals Technology of nutriating winter wheat varieties in variety-soil-fertilizer system

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02040
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyor Atoev ◽  
Jandos Kaypnazorov ◽  
Mukhayyo Egamberdieva ◽  
Samad Makhammadiev ◽  
Murod Karimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Soil Fertilizer ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

In this article, the reaction of winter wheat varieties to fertilizers in irrigated soils in the varietal-soil-fertilizer system was studied and a feeding system was developed and recommended for each soil-climatic conditions and varieties. Appropriate fertilizer standards have been developed for each wheat variety, which have increased the germination, weeding, accumulation, tuberization, spike formation, dry mass accumulation, grain quality, and yield structure and yield of winter wheat. N250P200K200 kg/ha was obtained from Polovchanka variety of winter wheat at the rate of N250P200K200 kg/ha used in irrigated brown meadow soils, while in typical irrigated gray soils the yield of winter wheat was higher than N250P200K200 kg/ha of pure wheat with N250P200K200 kg/ha. Grain yield was 80.18 tons/ha from Tanya variety, 76.38 tons/ha from Krasnodar-99 variety and 82.32 tons/ha from Polovchanka variety under N200P150K150 kg/ha. Under the influence of the same optimal fertilizer standards, the growth and development of winter wheat, nutrient accumulation, and grain yield and grain quality are improved, and the efficiency of fertilizers is increased.

Producer participatory spring wheat variety evaluation for organic systems in Minnesota and North Dakota

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Kandel ◽  
P.M. Porter ◽  
P.M. Carr ◽  
S.F. Zwinger
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Certified Organic

AbstractOrganic producers in Minnesota and North Dakota, USA, indicated that they wanted to participate in hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL. emend. Thell) variety evaluations. The objectives were to determine if a farmer–researcher developed scoring system could be used to rank wheat varieties for yield potential when grown in certified organic fields, identify views of organic producers about on-farm research, and identify the educational impact of the participatory variety evaluation process. Hard red spring wheat varieties were compared for grain yield at six locations on certified organic farms in Minnesota and North Dakota over a three-year period. A scoring system was developed and then used to identify the relative rank of adapted varieties for yield. Producers were asked to rank all varieties on a scale from 1 to 9, where 1 is lowest yield potential and 9 is highest yield potential. Producers were able to distinguish higher producing varieties as a group in 2003 and 2004. ‘Oklee’ a high yielding variety was ranked lowest in 2005. There was a significant linear relationship between producer ranking and yield (P<0.05) even though producers could not pick the highest yielding varieties consistently in the field. The producer survey showed that grain yield, protein content, wheat scab resistance, leaf disease resistance, early seedling vigor, test weight and canopy closure were traits producers valued most in a variety. Heading date, impact on succeeding crops, straw and stubble production were ranked lower. Multi-year variety evaluation on certified organic land was highly valued by the producers surveyed. From an educational perspective, the exercise was successful in that producers had to observe individual varieties carefully in order to come to a consensus producer ranking. The model of participatory research can be used for a variety of field research projects and field days.

scholarly journals Baking properties of winter soft wheat grain grown in the south of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Skripka ◽  
S. V. Podgorny ◽  
A. P. Samofalov ◽  
O. A. Nekrasova ◽  
S. N. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
State List ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

To successfully increase grain production and improve its quality, the development and introduction of new winter wheat varieties is of great importance. The winter soft wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” and included into the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation are able to form grain with 30.0% gluten and more, and are suitable for the first, second and third class of baking. A comparative characteristic of the grain quality of winter wheat varieties of the intensive type included in the State List and their ability to form food grain suitable for baking is currently of practical interest. There have been studied 6 varieties in the conditions of drought in 2013 and 2014 (the amount of precipitation during the growing season was 190.0–191.5 mm, the average daily air temperature was 20.3–20.9 °C), and in the conditions of excess moisture in 2016, 2017 (the amount of precipitation was 274.2–292.8 mm, the average daily air temperature was 19.5–20.4 °C). The studied varieties formed the highest productivity from 8.70 to 9.01 t/ha under conditions of excessive moisture. Under drought conditions, productivity of the varieties decreased significantly and ranged from 6.50 to 7.69 t/ha. Better grain quality of the studied varieties was formed in the conditions of the drought of 2013, 2014 with 14.9 to 15.9% of protein and 27.9 to 31.0% of gluten. Food grain close to the first class (from 30.0 to 31.0% of gluten) were formed by the varieties “Aksiniya”, “Tanais” and “Nakhodka”; the second class (more than 28.0% of gluten) was obtained from the varieties “Shef” and “Etuyd”. The ranking method according to grain quality indicators allowed establishing an average rank and identifying the varieties “Aksiniya”, “Tanais”, “Nakhodka” and “Shef” with the best baking traits.

scholarly journals The influence of growth regulators on the productive capacity of spring wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00106
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Isaychev ◽  
Nikolay Andreev ◽  
Myariam Bogapova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety ◽  
Positive Effect

The author(s) studied the influence of various growth regulators on the yield and grain quality of the spring wheat variety “Zemlyachka” under the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Volga region. The studies have shown that pre-sowing treatment of seeds with growth regulators has a positive effect on the yield of the experimental crop, providing an increase of 0.17–0.40 t/ha. The use of growth regulators in the technology of cultivation of spring wheat has a positive effect on the formation of grain quality indicators, which determine the technological and baking properties of products, such as the content of protein and starch, the quantity and quality of gluten, and the volumetric weight of grain.

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