scholarly journals The Ethical Context of Justifying Anti-Doping Attitudes: Critical Reflections

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Ethical Context ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Moral Demands ◽  
Critical Reflections

The Ethical Context of Justifying Anti-Doping Attitudes: Critical ReflectionsThe reflections presented in the paper are not normative (in general, it can be said, that they do not create moral values and demands). The presented reflections particularly stress the sense, essence, meaning, and identity of sport in the context of moral demands. A disquisition pointing out that sports and sport-related doping can be situated beyond the moral good and evil must be considered precisely as metaethical, and leads in a consciously controversial way to fully defining the identity of sport in general, as well as the identity of particular sports disciplines.These reflections also refer to the issue concerning the identity of sports philosophy, i.e. general deliberations and specific issues concerning, for example, the factual and cognitive status of normative ethics in sport.It is impossible to overestimate the role and meaning of metaethical reflection in the context of substantiating moral demands in sports as well as in the context of practical results of expectations. This metaethical reflection not only extends self-knowledge, but also contributes to the metaphilosophy of sports. The degree of the development of self-knowledge – both the metaethics of sports and the metaphilosophy of sports – is also a very important declaration, and a sign of general maturity of the philosophy of sports (Kosiewicz 2008/2009, pp. 5-38).

scholarly journals The Ethical and Legal Context of Justifying Anti-Doping Attitudes

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Moral Demands

Abstract The reflections presented in the paper are not normative (in general, it can be said, that they do not create moral values and demands). The presented reflections particularly stress the sense, essence, meaning, and identity of sport in the context of moral demands. A disquisition pointing out that sports and sport-related doping can be situated beyond the moral good and evil must be considered precisely as metaethical, and leads in a consciously controversial way to fully defining the identity of sport in general, as well as the identity of particular sports disciplines. These reflections also refer to the issue concerning the identity of sports philosophy, i.e. general deliberations and specific issues concerning, for example, the factual and cognitive status of normative ethics in sport. It is impossible to overestimate the role and meaning of metaethical reflection in the context of substantiating moral demands in sports as well as in the context of practical results of expectations. This metaethical reflection not only extends self-knowledge, but also contributes to the metaphilosophy of sports. The degree of the development of self-knowledge - both the metaethics of sports and the metaphilosophy of sports - is also a very important declaration, and a sign of general maturity of the philosophy of sports (Kosiewicz 2008/2009, pp. 5-38)

scholarly journals Wykłady z etyki

Etyka ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 197-226
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Twardowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Ethics ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Descriptive Ethics ◽  
Scientific Ethics ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Point Of Departure

In scientific ethics which is equivalent to the theory of human action analysed in terms of the value of goodness, researches tend to follow different directions depending on how its principal problems are solved. Thus, as regards the scope of procedure of ethical research, we can distinguish between individual and social ethics. The question about the source of morality (what is the origin of the difference between good and evil acts) is the point of departure of heteronomic (authoritative) and autonomous ethics. Different answers to the question about the ethical emotionalism or intellectualism, with ethical rigorism as one of its variants. The answers to the problems involved in the ethical criterion, as far as its concerned, lead either to teleological (eudeamonism or perfectionism) or ateleological or nomical ethics. If it is thought necessary to justify some ethical criterion, the justifications tend either in the direction of ethical criterion is answered either in terms of absolutist or relativists ethics. Metascientific analyses of the cognitive status of ethics in turn provide the points for debates between those advocating the scientific nature of moral axiology and normative ethics and the followers of descriptive ethics.

scholarly journals Normative Ethics and Sport: A Moral Manifesto

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Moral Rules ◽  
Good And Evil

Abstract This article constitutes a strictly cognitive and completely non-ideological moral (or rather, amoral) manifesto that makes no value judgments. The article concerns relationships that, according to sport enthusiasts with varying levels of competence, occur between sport and normative ethics. The author of this article supports a standpoint he terms ethical negationism that rejects the need for moral rules to externally support and bolster the rules of sport competition. The author assumes that the rules of sport play and competition are, and should be, completely amoral and independent from ethics. While this article is a fully autonomous ethical manifesto, it also constitutes an introduction to other articles in this issue of the journal arguing that sport competition takes place beyond the scope of moral good and evil. The author debates value judgments commonly held by sport enthusiasts who, albeit presumably driven by noble intentions, take great effort to bolster the formal, functional, and axiological status of sport. Most sport enthusiasts claim that sport has a unique moral and normative mission to propagate intuitively understood religious and non-religious good. They argue that sport constitutes something more than sport play and competition. The author rejects this point of view and assumes that normative ethics is unnecessary because what only matters is strictly following the rules of competition (referred to as pure play) and skillfully and praxeologically (i.e., effectively) using them during play, thus working towards the assumptions and aims of a given sport activity.

PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI MORAL PADA SANTRI TPQ AL-KHUMAIER PEKANBARU

Generasi Emas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Ida Windi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Global Era ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Control Tool

Moral planting to children from an early age is very important considering that in the era of an increasingly global era, moral education as the basis of self-discipline to be an internal control tool in behaving consistently in religion. A child is naturally created in a state ready to receive good and evil. The habituation of religious and moral values ​​for early childhood is very important to apply as early as possible to the most basic foundation in the process of growth and development of children. The objectives of this research are (1) To describe TPQ Al-Khumaier program, (2) To describe the application of moral values ​​to students by TPQ Al-Khumaier teacher (3) To know the obstacles in applying moral values ​​to the students of TPQ Al-Khumaier and looking for a solution. The results of this study indicate that the program TPQ Al-Khumaier has been implemented according to the program prepared by the school in collaboration with Kemenag Pekanbaru. The application of santri moral values ​​has been practiced in the activities and the process of habituation and modeling of the teachers. The obstacles are the duration of the meeting, social outside TPQ, including social media at home and in the neighborhood where students live.

scholarly journals God and the Playpen: On the Feasibility of Morally Better Worlds

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Cheryl K. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Actual World ◽  
David Lewis ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Moral Goodness ◽  
Divine Intervention ◽  
Horrendous Evil ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Free Will Defense ◽  
Better Than

According to the free will defense, God cannot create a world with free creatures, and hence a world with moral goodness, without allowing for the possibility of evil. David Lewis points out that any free will defense must address the “playpen problem”: why didn’t God allow creatures the freedom required for moral goodness, while intervening to ensure that all evil-doing is victimless? More recently, James Sterba has revived the playpen problem by arguing that an omnipotent and benevolent God would have intervened to prevent significant and especially horrendous evil. I argue that it is possible, at least, that such divine intervention would have backfired, and that any attempt to create a world that is morally better than this one would have resulted in a world that is morally worse. I conclude that the atheologian should instead attack the free will defense at its roots: either by denying that the predetermination of our actions is incompatible with our freely per-forming them, or by denying that the actual world—a world with both moral good and evil—is more valuable than a world without any freedom at all.

scholarly journals Meta-ethics: A Quest for an Epistemological Basis of Morality in Classical Islamic Thought

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam al-Attar
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Divine Command ◽  
Divine Command Theory ◽  
Human Reason ◽  
Ethical Foundation ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Ethical Presuppositions ◽  
Epistemological Basis

The aim of this article is to critique the meta-ethical foundation of the purposes of law theory (maqāṣid al-sharīʿa). It starts by introducing the Ashʿarite meta-ethics, and in two sub-sections briefly elucidates the perceived relation between meta-ethics and normative ethics and the relation between ethics, Islamic jurisprudence (uṣūl al-fiqh) and speculative theology (ʿilm al-kalām). The article examines the meta-ethical presuppositions of the Qurʾan, arguing that Qurʾanic ethics allows for rethinking the meta-ethical foundation of themaqāṣid,since it accepts objective moral values and allows for moral epistemology that is based on reason. The last and the longest section of the article develops arguments that would admit human reason in formulating themaqāṣidand suggests that this requires a different ethical foundation, one that is closer to the Muʿtazilite conception of morality. The arguments are based on the work of some classical and contemporary scholars who have noted the contradiction in the traditionalmaqāṣidtheory, and on the views of those scholars whose ethical views and principles expressed an understanding of morality that contradicts with ethical voluntarism or ‘divine command theory’ in ethics. The theory ofmaqāṣidis here clearly presumed to be a normative one rather than simply descriptive.

scholarly journals Foul Play in Sport as a Phenomenon Inconsistent with the Rules, yet Acceptable and Desirable

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Athletic Activity ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Rules Of The Game

Foul Play in Sport as a Phenomenon Inconsistent with the Rules, yet Acceptable and DesirableAuthor considers assumptions related to foul play in sport as a phenomenon, that affect the body, psyche, or relationships - various social involvements, conditionings, and determinants of those involved with that particular form of athletic activity. This includes fouls committed on and off the field, as well as those not even related to a particular game. Our considerations include fouls of a verbal or acoustic nature; fouls in the form of printed materials; those in the form of visual commentary in films, TV shows, Internet appearances, whether in feature films, dramatized documentaries, documentaries or reports presented in a different publications, festivals, exhibitions, during which co-participants, adversaries or competitors make comments on past or future events during or beyond the competition.Fouls in sport, particularly those committed by athletes during competition, will always be inconsistent with the accepted rules of the game, that is, with the official regulations. Fouls will also always influence - in more or less annoying, depressing, painful or even tragic ways - the fate and the health of athletes.No logical - conditional, cause and effect - connection exists between a foul and the rules. Neither the need for nor praise of foul play can stem from the regulations. Yet people directly associated with the sport tolerate it because there is a widespread, quiet acquiescence of such play. Foul play is strongly opposed by supporters of the fair play principle, by those who do not regard sports competition as a phenomenon that can be considered independently beyond moral good and evil.Foul play is seen also as a desirable phenomenon, when inter alia, regardless of the various penalties imposed on players and team, it helps - in the final balance of losses and benefits - to achieve the planned success. Moreover, it is worth adding that, for instance, the so-called "good foul" in basketball enables one to stop the game clock, the so-called pure-play time of the referee. This creates the possibility of obtaining at least one more point (for a possible 3-point shot from a distance) than the team that executes its two one-point penalty shots granted for the offense (that is, "good foul").Foul play may also enhance the course of the sports spectacle, and encourage spectators to cheer more frequently. This is particularly important when professional athletic contests are treated as a form of business. The dramatization of foul play as a creation of "game" within a game can also be an additional attraction of the competition; foul play might be used as sophisticated and spectacular trickery, that dismays and hurts in its pragmatic-aesthetic construction, both the referee and the opponent.Foul play in sports has so many forms and will probably never lose its popular and sometimes spectacular character. Knowing that, everything should be done to protect players from bothersome health, interpersonal, and cultural disablements resulting from foul play.

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