scholarly journals Etiological Factors of Extradural Haematoma: Experience of 80 Cases in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Salam ◽  
Md. Shafiul Alam ◽  
Kalim Uddin ◽  
Md. Ashraful Haque ◽  
Md. Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Traumatic Head

Background: Extradural haematoma is due to different etiologies.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the etiological factors of extradural haematoma.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and half months. All patients who underwent surgery with traumatic head injury having extradural haematoma were included in the study. At admission, a detailed history of the illness was taken from the patients/patient’s attendants by face-to-face interview with the help of a preformed questionnaire. Questionnaire was prepared with key variables like age, sex and mode of injury.Result: Eighty (80) patients of traumatic head injury within and after 24 hours of head injury were enrolled in this study. 20(25.1%) patients were present in age group of 11 to 20 years. 19(23.8%) patients were in age group of 21-30 years. 20(25.1%) patients were present in age group of 31 to 40 years. Male was predominant than female which was 60(75.0%) cases and 20(25.0%) cases respectively. The most common mode of injury was road traffic accident which was 51(63.7%) cases followed by fall from height and assault which were 16(20.0%) cases and 13(16.3%) cases respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion RTA is the most common cause of extradural haematoma.Journal of Science Foundation, July 2016;14(2):44-48

scholarly journals Clinical Features of Patients presented with Extra Dura Haematoma Attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Kalim Uddin ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Amir Mohammad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pupillary Response ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Head

Background: The clinical presentation of head injury may vary. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the clinical features of patients presented with extra dural haematoma. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and six months. All patients who underwent surgery with traumatic head injury having extradural haematoma were included in the study. The clinical features of the patients were recorded. Result: Eighty (80) patients of traumatic head injury within and after 24 hours of head injury were enrolled in this study. In this study unconsciousness was in 32(40.0%) cases. However, convulsion was found in 12 (15.0%). Vomiting was the most common presenting features which was 71(88.7%) cases. Headache was reported in 48(60.0%) cases. The normal pupillary response was found in 42(52.5%) cases. The rest 38(47.5%) cases were dilated pupil. Conclusion: In conclusion vomiting is the most common clinical features of patients presented with extra dura haematemases vomiting followed by unconsciousness and headache. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 9(2): 126-129

scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography (CT) in traumatic head injury evaluation – a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Dr. D Venkata Ramanana Rao ◽  
◽  
Dr. Vinay NVP ◽  
Dr K S Suneetha ◽  
Dr T. Jaya Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Head

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Surgical Outcomes of Extradural Haematoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Kalim Uddin ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Amir Mohammad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Traumatic Head

Background: Extradural Haematoma can occur in different reasons. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the factors influencing the surgical outcomes of extradural haematoma. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and six months. All patients presented with traumatic head injury having extradural haematoma in any age with both sexes who were underwent surgical or conservative management were selected as study population. The etiologies of head injuries were recorded. Result: Eighty (80) patients of traumatic head injury within and after 24 hours of head injury were enrolled in this study. In this study road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury which was 51(63.8%) cases followed by fall from height and assault which were 16(20.0%) cases and 13(16.2) cases respectively. Majority patients were recovered in good condition either surgery or conservative management which was 50(62.5%) cases. However, the moderate disability was reported in 17(21.2%) cases. Severe disability was found in 8(10.0%) cases. Persistent vegetative state was found in only 2 cases in conservative treatment. Death was found in 3(3.8%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion road traffic accident is the most common mode of injury among the study population that causes extra dura haematoma which has the role as factors that influence the outcomes of the patients. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 65-68

Rapid detection of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample of acute diarrheic children

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K.Z. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Stool Sample ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of pediatric diarrhea globally. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus diarrhea should reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and ultimately reduce drug resistance. Study was designed for rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample by ICT (Immunochromatographic test) as well as to observe the seasonal variation of rotavirus infection. This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College from January 2011 to December 2011. Eighty stool samples were collected from Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ICT. Among 80 patients, 42 (52.5%) samples were positive for rotavirus antigen. Among these 42 positive samples, 30 (71.43%) were from 0-12 months of age group, 10 (23.81%) from 13 to 24 months of age group and rest 2 (4.76%) from 25 to 36 months of age group. Rotavirus Ag was detected in stool samples from January to April and another peak episode from October to December. Considering the importance of Rotavirus associated diarrhea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection in human is substantially needed and should be routinely practiced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19354 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(01): 11-13

scholarly journals Risk Factors, Pattern and Outcome of Motorcycle-associated Head Injury in Sokoto: An Analysis of 184 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Olayere Obanife ◽  
Nasiru Jinjiri Ismail ◽  
Ali Lasseini ◽  
Bello B. Shehu ◽  
Ega J. Otorkpa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Background Road traffic accident (RTA) is the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Motorcycle-associated head injury is the leading cause of road traffic associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Even though the incidence and mortality of head injury from motor cycle crash is on the increase in developing countries, especially in the African continent, most of the studies published in the literature on this subject matter took place in the developed Western countries. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from patients managed in our institution between December 2014 and November 2016. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients were analyzed. None of the patients used safety helmet for protection. The mean age was 27.6 ± 17.2 years with male female ratio of 6.7:1. Lone crash by cyclists and collisions accounted for 66.8% and 33.1% of the cases, respectively. Passengers and riders comprised 75% of the patients, while 25% were vulnerable pedestrians. The most frequently abused substance by the patients was tramadol (65.52%). Severe head injury and pupillary abnormality were found in 23.9% and 45.5% of the patients, respectively. Cranial CT scan showed abnormalities in 40.2% of the patients. Surgery was done in 28.3% of the patients with mortality rate of 20.7%. Conclusions The use of motorcycle as a mean of transportation has caused significant negative impact on the society. Young people, who constitute the workforce, are majorly affected, and this invariably leads to a serious economic burden on the concerned families and communities.

scholarly journals The estimated cost of surgically managed isolated traumatic head injury secondary to road traffic accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. E7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinli You ◽  
Boon S. Liew ◽  
Azmin K. Rosman ◽  
Kamarul Imran Musa ◽  
Zamzuri Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Cost

OBJECTIVETraumatic brain injury due to road traffic accidents occurs mainly in the younger age group in which injury-related disability leads to long-term impact on employment and economic and social consequences across the lifespan. This study was designed to assign a monetary cost (in Malaysian ringgits [RM]) to the treatment of patients with surgically treated isolated traumatic head injury as determined up to 1 year after injury.METHODSRelevant resource items used were identified and valued using the direct measurement of costs method, cost accounting methods, standard unit costs method, fees, charges and/or market prices method. These values were then tabulated to generate the total costs for each patient, via a combination of macro-costing and micro-costing methods. Malaysian currency values were converted to US dollars according to the average conversion rate for the period from January to May 2016: RM1 = US$0.2452.RESULTSThis costing study analyzed data from 49 patients. The estimated cost for the 1st year of care for all patients was RM1,471,919.80 (US$360,914.735), with a mean (± SD) cost per case of RM30,039.18 ± 22,986.25 or $7365.61 ± $5636.23. The mean cost of care per case was RM11,041.35 ± 10,936.88 or $2707.34 ± $2681.72 for mild head injury, RM32,550.00 ± 20,998.76 or $7981.26 ± $5148.90 for moderate head injury, and RM36,917.86 ± 23,697.34 or $9052.26 ± $5810.59 for severe head injury. Severe head injury (p = 0.001), sustaining 2 or more intracranial pathologies (p = 0.01), having a poor Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score (GOS score 1–3) (p = 0.02), requiring a tracheostomy (p < 0.001), and contracting pneumonia (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher cost. Logistic regression analysis revealed that cost of care increased by RM591.60 or $145.06 per year increment of age (β = RM591.60, p = 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe mean cost of treatment for traumatic head injury is high compared to the per capita income of RM37,900 in 2016. The cost values generated in this study provide baseline cost estimates that the authors hope will be used as a guide to determine where adequate funding should be allocated to provide timely and appropriate delivery of care.

Co-infection with gonorrhoea and chlamydia: how much is there and what does it mean?

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Creighton ◽  
Melinda Tenant-Flowers ◽  
Christopher B Taylor ◽  
Rob Miller ◽  
Nicola Low
Keyword(s):  
Dual Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
King's College ◽  
And Gender

A cross-sectional study of new clients with either gonorrhoea or chlamydia attending King's College Hospital in 1998. One thousand two hundred and thirty-nine women and 1141 men had gonorrhoea, chlamydia or both. Overall, 24.2% (124/512) of heterosexual men and 38.5% (136/353) of women with gonorrhoea also had chlamydia ( P<0.001). Of heterosexual males 18.8% (124/660) and 13% (136/1022) of females with chlamydia also had gonorrhoea ( P=0.002). Ethnicity had no effect on the proportion of co-infection after controlling for age and gender. Clients with dual infection were younger than those with either infection alone ( P=0.0001). Over half of women and a quarter of men aged 15 to 19 years were dually infected so testing for both gonorrhoea and chlamydia may be appropriate in this age group in settings outside genitourinary clinics. The high proportion of cases of gonorrhoea that also have chlamydia justifies the policy of epidemiological treatment for chlamydia.

scholarly journals A study of correlation of degree of midline shift on computed tomography scan and Glasgow coma scale in patients of acute traumatic head injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
A. K. Chaurasia ◽  
Lalit Dhurve ◽  
Rajneesh Gour ◽  
Rajpal Kori ◽  
Avias K. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Coma Scale

Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of most common cause of death in road traffic accident. Most of these classified as mild injury, with approximately 20% classified as moderate to severe. Approximate 50% of the 150,000 trauma deaths every year are caused by head injury.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 patients with a head injury admitted in the Hamidia hospital, Bhopal. The assessment of the severity of head injury using Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at the time of admission, follow up on 5 days and 15 days respectively. The collected data were transformed into variables, coded and entered in Microsoft excel. Data were analyzed and statistically evaluated using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)-PC-21 version.Results: Out of 150, a total of 115 patients had no midline shift while 35 patients were having midline shift. Severe head injury patients (GCS 3-8) were having more morbidity and mortality. Moderate head injury (GCS 9-13) was associated with good prognosis and low mortality. A greater degree of midline shift of (more than 5 mm) is indicated severe head injury and is significantly associated with morbid outcome and higher mortality.Conclusions: In our study, road traffic accidents is the most common cause of head injury, with males being affected more than females. The degree of midline shift on computed tomography (CT) scan head in patients with head injuries was found to be significantly associated with high mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals Skull Fracture and Haemorrhagic Pattern in Cases of Fatal Blunt Trauma Head Injury Autopsied at Tertiary Healthcare Centre in Eastern Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Bikash Sah ◽  
Bishwanath Yadav ◽  
Shivendra Jha ◽  
Abdul Sami Khan
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Intracranial Haemorrhage ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skull Vault

Background: Head injury is regarded as a main health problem that is a common cause of morbidities and mortalities and makes great demand to control and prevent it. For this, policy makers need to see the pattern of head injury and this study is done to describe the pattern.Methods: Hospital based, descriptive cross sectional study done on one year autopsy cases of fatal blunt trauma head injury which was 76 in which proportion of different types of head injuries, their causes and their distribution as per age, sex, and duration of survival were studied.Results: Skull-vault fractures were present in 57 (75%) cases in which most common type of fracture was linear fracture constituting 29(49.12%). 50% of the cases were with skullbase fracture in which the most common was of anterior cranial fossa fracture(60.5%). 56.34% of the victims were with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) followed by subdural haemorrhage (SDH) and extradural haemorrhage (EDH). 6.6% victims were without any intracranial haemorrhage. Road traffic accident alone accounted for 71% of total blunt trauma causations of this fatal head injury. 70% cases were in age group from 11 to 50 years and 78.9% were male. 51.3% died at the spot. Conclusions: The research findings have shown that among the fatal blunt trauma head injury cases, skull vault fracture was present in 75% and skull base fracture was present in 50%. The most common intracranial haemorrhage was subarachnoid haemorrhage (56.34%) followed by subdural and extradural haemorrhage.  Med Phoenix. Vol. 3, Issue. 1, 2018, Page: 71-74                                                         

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