scholarly journals The Potential of Green Bond Markets as Drivers of Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra-Nicoleta Mecu ◽  
Florentina Chițu ◽  
Gheorghe Hurduzeu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
The Social ◽  
Made In

The risks derived from climate change and the social inequalities of the economic model en-danger the continuity of society as we know it. The investment community is developing financial products in order to channel the environ-mental and social transition process, with green bonds and social bonds being key instruments to facilitate the change of model. In just a few years, investments made in assets that respect environmental sustainability, social responsibility and good management practices have in-creased from 12% to 42% of total investments made by investors around the world. The current paper it is intended to discuss the regulation and evolution of green bonds since its inception in 2007, globally and nationally, focusing on the principles of implementation, benefits and role of the COVID-19 pandemic in issuing green bonds.

scholarly journals Anti-migrant Islamophobia in Europe. Social roots, mechanisms and actors

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (53) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Fabio Perocco
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Muslim Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mass Media

Abstract During the last two decades of rising anti-migrant racism in Europe, Islamophobia has proven to be the highest, most acute, and widely spread form of racism. The article shows how anti-migrant Islamophobia is a structural phenomenon in European societies and how its internal structure has specific social roots and mechanisms of functioning. Such an articulate and interdependent set of key themes, policies, practices, discourses, and social actors it is intended to inferiorise and marginalise Muslim immigrants while legitimising and reproducing social inequalities affecting the majority of them. The article examines the social origins of anti-migrant Islamophobia and the modes and mechanisms through which it naturalises inequalities; it focuses on the main social actors involved in its production, specifically on the role of some collective subjects as anti-Muslim organizations and movements, far-right parties, best-selling authors, and the mass-media.

scholarly journals School Selection and the Social Class Divide: How Tracking Contributes to the Reproduction of Inequalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolia Batruch ◽  
Frédérique Autin ◽  
Fabienne Bataillard ◽  
Fabrizio Butera
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Selection Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
School Selection

Selection practices in education, such as tracking, may represent a structural obstacle that contributes to the social class achievement gap. We hypothesized that school’s function of selection leads evaluators to reproduce social inequalities in tracking decisions, even when performance is equal. In two studies, participants (students playing the role of teachers, N = 99, or preservice and in-service teachers, N = 70) decided which school track was suitable for a pupil whose socioeconomic status (SES) was manipulated. Although pupils’ achievement was identical, participants considered a lower track more suitable for lower SES than higher SES pupils, and the higher track more suitable for higher SES than lower SES pupils. A third study ( N = 160) revealed that when the selection function of school was salient, rather than its educational function, the gap in tracking between social classes was larger. The selection function of tracking appears to encourage evaluators to artificially create social class inequalities.

Comments

1975 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Karl R. Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
World War ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Made In

In recent years there has been a deplorable lack of interest in Austria in the historical role of the Jews in Central Europe. Given the general trends towards internationalization of the social sciences and the interdisciplinary method of analysis, this neglect is most distressing. Presumably this lack of scholarly interest is related to the fact that since World War II the Central European Jews no longer constitute a distinct ethnic and religious group. Apart from studies made in university institutes for Jewish studies and in occasional publications which have mainly treated various aspects of “the holocaust,” most studies have approached Jewish history only collaterally by focusing on anti-Semitism.

scholarly journals Thoughts in the Field: ‘Self-reflexive narrative’ in field recording

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isobel Anderson ◽  
Tullis Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sound Studies ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Field Recording ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Getting Lost ◽  
Made In

This article considers the presence of ‘self-reflexive narrative’ in field recording. The authors interrogate a common presumption within sonic arts practice and sound studies discourse that field recordings represent authentic, impartial and neutral documents. Historically, field recording practice has not clearly represented narratives of how, when, why and by whom a field recording is made. In contrast, the social sciences have already experienced a narrative ‘turn’ since the 1970s, which highlighted the importance of recognising the presence and role of the researcher in the field, and also in representations of fieldwork. This provides an alternative framework for understanding field recording, in considering the importance of the recordist and their relationship with their recordings. Many sonic arts practitioners have already acknowledged that the subjective, personal qualities of field recording should be embraced, highlighted and even orated in their work. The authors’ own collaborative projectThoughts in the Fieldfurther explores these ideas, by vocalising ‘self-reflexive narratives’ in real time, within field recordings. The authors’ collaborative composition,Getting Lost(2015), demonstrates the compositional potentials this approach offers.

scholarly journals Evolving Role of the Information Center: Challenges and Directions

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Sajjad ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Information Center ◽  
It Applications ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Made In ◽  
Information And Knowledge Management

The paper provides a critical review of the development of information center through different phases, transformation of the information center in response to the inter-disciplinary imperatives of information and knowledge management, IT imperatives, trends in the areas of content, services, management, and personnel, and future possibilities and prospects. An extensive review of literature was made in order to discern trends and analyze the current situation in pertinent areas focused in this paper. It was noted that the information center has changed through different phases. Information and knowledge management have made a distinct impact on the dynamics of the center. Changes in resources and services, IT applications, user community, and management practices are most evident. These factors have been critical in shaping the identity and substance of the information centers. Based on this analysis, challenges facing the information centers have been elaborated. Best practices in specific areas in the developed nations have been highlighted. Future of the information center is projected to be dynamic, enterprising, and challenging. This review is useful for taking strategic cues for planning and managing the information centers.

scholarly journals Constructing Meaning in Learning Containing the Living Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Wuryaningrum ◽  
F Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Linguistic Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Descriptive Knowledge ◽  
Constructing Meaning

This research aims to describe the teacher's explanation in constructing the meaning of learning containing the living environment in Indonesia. This research uses descriptive explanatory method. The research was conducted by observing and analyzing classroom learning discourse in elementary schools labeled Adiwiyata or school whose learning is related to the living environment education. The results of the study show that the teacher's explanation contains an explanation of the object, concepts, and procedures; the explanatory strategy used by the teacher is a knowledge-transforming with a reference to the social and cultural context of the society that consists of (1) religiosity (2) dependence between humans and the environment, (3) human values to preserve nature, (4) social and cultural ethics as basic human characteristics. Verbal or linguistic strategies show the teacher's awareness in using language with metaphors and expressions to motivate. Through a verbal strategy it is known that the teacher's explanation is done efferently and aesthetically. The teacher's explanation constructs the meaning of descriptive and procedural knowledge. Descriptive knowledge is knowledge that makes the learner knows or understands. Procedural knowledge makes the learner is able to. The role of teacher explanation is supported by the government's active role in environmental sustainability programs.

scholarly journals Global manure nitrogen production and application in cropland during 1860–2014: a 5 arcmin gridded global dataset for Earth system modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Zhang ◽  
Hanqin Tian ◽  
Chaoqun Lu ◽  
Shree R. S. Dangal ◽  
Jia Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Earth System Modeling ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Livestock Systems

Abstract. Given the important role of nitrogen input from livestock systems in terrestrial nutrient cycles and the atmospheric chemical composition, it is vital to have a robust estimation of the magnitude and spatiotemporal variation in manure nitrogen production and its application to cropland across the globe. In this study, we used the dataset from the Global Livestock Impact Mapping System (GLIMS) in conjunction with country-specific annual livestock populations to reconstruct the manure nitrogen production during 1860–2014. The estimated manure nitrogen production increased from 21.4 Tg N yr−1 in 1860 to 131.0 Tg N yr−1 in 2014 with a significant annual increasing trend (0.7 Tg N yr−1, p < 0.01). Changes in manure nitrogen production exhibited high spatial variability and concentrated in several hotspots (e.g., Western Europe, India, northeastern China, and southeastern Australia) across the globe over the study period. In the 1860s, the northern midlatitude region was the largest manure producer, accounting for ∼ 52 % of the global total, while low-latitude regions became the largest share (∼ 48 %) in the most recent 5 years (2010–2014). Among all the continents, Asia accounted for over one-fourth of the global manure production during 1860–2014. Cattle dominated the manure nitrogen production and contributed ∼ 44 % of the total manure nitrogen production in 2014, followed by goats, sheep, swine, and chickens. The manure nitrogen application to cropland accounts for less than one-fifth of the total manure nitrogen production over the study period. The 5 arcmin gridded global dataset of manure nitrogen production generated from this study could be used as an input for global or regional land surface and ecosystem models to evaluate the impacts of manure nitrogen on key biogeochemical processes and water quality. To ensure food security and environmental sustainability, it is necessary to implement proper manure management practices on cropland across the globe. Datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871980 (Zhang et al., 2017).

Peer Effects in Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pratschke ◽  
Giovanni Abbiati
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
School Context ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simultaneous Autoregressive Model

In the social sciences, the term “peer effects” has been widely used to describe the various ways in which individual behaviors and attitudes can be influenced by friends, acquaintances, and the wider social environment. Due to the crucial role of social interactions within the school context, the role of peers in shaping academic outcomes has been under scrutiny for decades. Following seminal work by Manski, we distinguish between three different components of peer influence: endogenous (where the behavior of an individual varies in accordance with the behavior of the peer group), exogenous (where the behavior of an individual varies with the characteristics of the members of the peer group), and correlated (where the behavior of individuals is shaped by shared environmental or institutional factors). By estimating a simultaneous autoregressive model, we assess the relative strength of these three forms of peer influence in relation to secondary school exam results in a large sample of Italian school-leavers. One limitation is that we are only able to observe peer influence within the classroom, while another is that the study is confined to a specific moment in time, which comes quite late in young people’s educational trajectories. The results confirm that peer processes play an important role in the reproduction of social inequalities, against the backdrop of institutional criteria for the selection of students into schools and classes. These factors therefore demand the sustained attention of educational administrators and policymakers.

scholarly journals Around the Anthropocene in Eighty Names—Considering the Urbanocene Proposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4458
Author(s):  
Franciszek Chwałczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Negative Theology ◽  
Trading Zones ◽  
The Social ◽  
Made In

There are now at least 80–90 proposed alternatives to the term “the Anthropocene”, following critique mainly from the social sciences. The most popular seem to be Moore’s Capitalocene and Haraway’s Chthulucene, but there are others, such as: Hornborg’s Technocene, Mann’s Homogenocene, Wilson’s Eremocene, Stiegler’s neganthropocene, Parikka’s Anthrobscene… Furthermore, similar recognitions and critiques have been made in urban studies (Urban Age, Planetary Urbanization…). What should we make of this multiplicity? Those propositions are approached here from the philosophical and cultural studies perspectives, in the spirit of Galison’s trading zones and Bal’s travelling concepts. They are treated with engaged pluralism (introduced through geography and urban studies) and, because of their eschatological dimension, with (secular) negative theology. The Urbanocene is also outlined using Nowak’s ontological imagination. None of the propositions are sufficient on their own. Most contribute to a better understanding of the Anthropocene. Those concerning the role of cities and urbanization (Astycene, Urbanocene, Urbicene, Metropocene) are insufficient. This entails that there is a need for an Urbanocene proposition to be formulated. This proposition draft is briefly outlined here by linking an example of exceeded planetary boundaries (levels of phosphorus and nitrogen) with urbanization, drawing on the works of Mumford and Gandy.

Beliefs and Attributions toward Computing Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Johnson ◽  
Natasha Veltri ◽  
Jason B. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
User Personality ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Made In

This study critiques and extends the work of , who investigated the relations between social cues in an interface, user personality, user beliefs about the social role and capabilities of computers, and the attributions of responsibility users made for their interactions and outcomes with a computer. In this study, rather than examining the simple, direct effects investigated previously, we examine the moderating role of social cues in the interface. In addition, building upon recent findings from psychology, the authors assess personality traits individually, rather than aggregating them. To evaluate the theorized relations, 152 individuals participated in a controlled laboratory experiment, where social cues in two computer interfaces were manipulated. Results indicate that social cues moderate the relations between personality, beliefs about the social role of computing, and the attributions made. In addition, the results suggest that disaggregating personality traits is theoretically and practically richer than aggregating them.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document