scholarly journals COVID-19 Impact on International Migration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab S KH Jweida
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
Personal Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Very High

COVID 19 created many problems around the world and it affected everybody including migrants and immigrants. Many countries halted asylum seeker procedure in order to stop COVID 19 spreading but some countries restarted asylum seeker procedure since many people were in dangerous situation and they needed protection. Migrants and immigrants are highly vulnerable and can be infect by COVID 19. Many organizations especially international Organization played and are playing very important role to protect them against COVID 19. Migrants are working in frontline, they are in contact with other people, and the risks are very high to infect by COVID 19. Many of them hit globally very hard because of the COVID 19 especially due to the economic shut downs for example food, accommodating and personal services. Many countries closed their borders and they halted asylum seeker procedure. The number of restrictions and measures that imposed on migrants and immigrants reached 4600 around the world. Many countries have imposed travel ban especially on new comers.

Ernst Julius Cohen, 1869-1944

1948 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 666-687 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Organization ◽  
Chemical Science ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Chemical Equilibria ◽  
Double Salts ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Place

Amongst the distinguished Dutch men of science of the generation that is now passing, or has already passed, away, a very high place must, by universal consent, be assigned to the subject of this memoir. It would be no exaggeration to say that the name, and very often the personality, of Ernst Cohen have been known to students of chemistry and physics throughout the world for nearly fifty years. His famous researches in the fields of polymorphism, electrochemistry, thermochemistry and piezochemistry, the excellent books he wrote, his many visits to other countries and the lectures he gave therein, and—last, but not least—the important part he played in the national and international organization and development of chemical science made Ernst Cohen one of the most outstanding and well beloved men of science of his day and generation. He was the devoted pupil and disciple of the great van’t Hoff, and belonged to that famous Dutch school of physico-chemical science associated with the names of van’t Hoff, Roozeboom, Cohen and Schreinemakers. Although van’t Hoff is, perhaps, best known to students of chemistry for his pioneer work on optical activity and the ‘tetrahedral carbon atom’, the laws of osmotic pressure and the application of thermodynamics to the study of chemical equilibria and ‘chemical dynamics’, he became interested in the conditions of formation and decomposition of double salts before he left Amsterdam, and during his Berlin period (from 1895 onwards) devoted himself to the study of the formation of oceanic salt denosits. The famous work of Roozeboom on ‘Heterogene Gleichgewichte’ is well known to physical chemists and metallurgists, whilst Schreinemakers, the mathematician and geometer, became the great investigator and exponent of ‘geometrical’ thermodynamics as applied to the transformation and equilibria of heterogeneous multicomponent systems.

How India Fights with COVID-19 with Learning from Highly Affected Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Karan Veer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Very High ◽  
Breathing Problem

: It was 11 March 2020 when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the name COVID-19 for coronavirus disease and also described it as a pandemic. Till that day 118,000 cases were confirmed of pneumonia with breathing problem throughout the world. At the start of New Year when COVID-19 came into knowledge a few days later, the gene sequencing of the virus was revealed. Today the number of confirmed cases is scary, i.e. 9,472,473 in the whole world and 484,236 deaths have been recorded by WHO till 26 June 2020. WHO's global risk assessment is very high [1]. The report is enlightening the lessons learned by India from the highly affected countries.

Spillovers to the Global South

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Global South ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The World ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
Very High

The crisis demolished the myth that EDEs were decoupled from advanced economies and BRICS were becoming new engines of global growth. From 2011 onwards, with the end of the twin booms in commodity prices and capital inflows, growth in EDEs has converged downward towards the depressed levels of advanced economies from the very high levels achieved in the run-up to the global crisis and the immediate aftermath. Loss of momentum is particularly visible in economies that failed to manage the earlier booms prudently. In examining the spillovers from policies in major advanced economies and China to EDEs, the chapter introduces the notion of commodity-finance nexus wherein these markets reinforce each other during both expansions and contractions. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of policies needed to put the world economy into decent shape and to avoid liquidity and debt crises in EDEs.

scholarly journals Externalizing Migration Management through Soft Law: The Case of the Memorandum of Understanding between Libya and Italy

Global Jurist ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martino Reviglio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
The Many ◽  
Law Making

Abstract The externalization of migration management to third countries is becoming a recurrent phenomenon in international migration management. Soft law instruments emerged as an important strategy to externalize migration management to third countries through international migration agreements. In particular, in the last years the European Union and some member states have adopted bilateral and multilateral migration agreements in order to diminish the arrival of migrants in Europe. These agreements in the form of soft law instruments are problematic because do not follow the ordinary process of law making and thus it is difficult to assess their legal effectivity. The memorandum of understanding signed in February 2017 between Libya and Italy represents an illustrative case of the process of externalizing migration management through soft law. From a critical discussion of the memorandum, many problems in relation to its legal and material validity follow. In particular, the protection of migrants’ human rights in Libya is not guaranteed as the many international organization and NGOs reports indicate.

Beyond Smart Grid: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-Cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewables as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Leighty ◽  
John H. Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Solution ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
Salt Caverns ◽  
Annual Scale ◽  
Very High

We must soon “run the world on renewables” but cannot, and should not try to, accomplish this entirely with electricity transmission. We need to supply all energy, not just electricity, from diverse renewable energy (RE) resources, both distributed and centralized, where the world’s richest RE resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. Electricity energy storage cannot affordably firm large, intermittent renewables at annual scale, while carbon-free gaseous hydrogen (GH2) and liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fuels can: GH2 in large solution-mined salt caverns, NH3 in surface tanks, both pressurized and refrigerated. “Smart Grid” is emerging as primarily a DSM (demand side management) strategy to encourage energy conservation. Making the electricity grid “smarter” does not: 1. Increase physical transmission capacity; 2. Provide affordable annual-scale firming storage for RE; 3. Solve grid integration problem for large, time-varying RE; 4. Alleviate NIMBY objections to new transmission siting; 5. Reduce the high O&M costs of overhead electric lines. The “smarter” grid may be more vulnerable to cyberattack. Adding storage, control, and quality adjunct devices to the electricity grid, to accommodate very high renewables content, may be technically and economically inferior to GH2 and NH3 RE systems. Thus, we need to look beyond “smart grid”, expanding our concept of “transmission”, to synergistically and simultaneously solve the transmission, firming storage, and RE integration “balancing” problems now severely constraining our progress toward “running the world on renewables”.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Avena strigosa Schreb. ecotypes on the basis of isoenzyme markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intrapopulation Diversity ◽  
Very High

Genetic diversity ofAvena strigosaSchreb. ecotypes on the basis of isoenzyme markersGenetic diversity was analyzed in 19 ecotypes of the diploid oatA. strigosaoriginating from various geographical regions of the world. Six isoenzyme systems (AAT, ACP, EST, LAP, MDH, PX) were studied and 16 loci were identified. Only two loci (Est4andMdh2) were polymorphic. Ecotypes were characterized by the percentage of polymorphic loci (P=3.3%), the mean number of alleles per locus (A=1.04) and intrapopulation diversity (HS=0.013). Total genetic diversity (HT=0.07) and interpopulation diversity (DST=0.057) were examined as well. The value of the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST=0.821) indicated that diversity among populations was an important contributor to total variability. Genetic similarity betweenA. strigosapopulations was very high (IN=0.94). Cluster analysis did not demonstrate strongly differentiated groups among the ecotypes examined.

The world’s repository at 75: a history of the United Nations Archives*

Comma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Gelfand
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Administrative Structures

Seventy-five years ago (1945), the United Nations (UN) was founded in San Francisco by 50 nations. There, a small archives unit served to assemble the first records of the organization; this was the first iteration of today’s Archives and Records Management Section (ARMS). Throughout its history, the fortunes of the UN Archives have waxed and waned, while its role has continuously evolved. Trying to carve out a place for itself within the largest international organization in the world, its physical and administrative structures have undergone profound changes, as has its mission, number of staff, the type of records it holds and its users. This paper examines significant events in the development of the UN Archives, the challenges it has faced and what may be learned from them.

scholarly journals Penelusuran Informasi Rekam Jejak Alumni Program Studi Informasi, Perpustakaan, dan Kearsipan Universitas Negeri Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Sawalinar Sawalinar ◽  
Malta Nelisa
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Tracer Study ◽  
State University ◽  
The World ◽  
Work World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Very High

Abstract This study aims to determine (1) the profile of the graduate, (2) the absorption of graduate in the world of work, (3) the use of knowledge gained by the graduate in the work, (4) the assessment of stakeholders on the ability of graduate. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Data collection uses research instruments. The population in this study was Graduate from the major of Information, Library, and Archives of Padang State University (PS IPK UNP). The sample in this study amounted to 105 graduates who returned the instrument. The results showed, First, the profile of Graduate PS IPK UNP was dominated by female graduates. Most of the graduates are graduates who graduated in 2018. Judging from the length of the study period, the average graduate has a length of the study period of 3 years. Second, the absorption of graduates in the workforce is quite high, with most graduates stating that they are currently working with the time needed to get the job <3 months. Third, the use of knowledge obtained by a graduate at the PS IPK UNP in employment is very high. The science that has a very high level of wear is fieldwork learning, technology mastery skills, and the ability to cooperate in teams. Fourth, the assessment of graduate users (stakeholders) on the ability to graduate in the work world has also been good. The ability of the graduate to be considered good by graduate users (stakeholders) is integrity, expertise based on the fields of science, mastery of information technology, and teamwork.Keywords: Information retrieval, graduate, tracer study

scholarly journals Nectar production of pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
G. Kocsisné Molnár ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
The World ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Very High

Detailed studies were made on the nectar production of 44, 16 and 18 pear cultivars, respectively, in a cultivar collection of pear during three consecutive years with highly different weather in the blooming. Results clearly show that pear does not necessarily produce small amount of nectar as stated in the world literature. In fact, pear can produce extremely high amount of nectar sometimes much higher than other temperate zone fruit trees species but its nectar production is highly subjected to weather, first of all to air temperature. Low nectar production seems to be more frequent than high one and cold weather can prevent its nectar production at all. On the other hand, results corroborate to the earlier statements on the low sugar concentration of pear nectar. There is a highly significant negative correlation between the amount of nectar produced by pear flowers and its sugar concentration (r = -0.52, n = 291, p< 0.001 for 1996, r = -0.34, n = 197, p< 0.001 for 1998). Sugar concentration in individual flowers may be up, to 40% in exceptional cases but generally it is well below 20%. Very high figures for sugar concentration in pear nectar at the literature seem to be incomprehensible. In contrast of some earlier statement in the literature no real difference could be established in the nectar production of pear cultivars, based on much more measurements than in earlier studies. Very low sugar concentration in pear nectar can explain the fact that the overwhelming majority of honeybees are pollen gatherers at pear trees even in the case of exceptionally high nectar production.  

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