Peranan Tuan Guru Ormas Islam Nahdlatul Wathan di Lombok Wadah Ajaran Keagamaan dan Sosial (Islam)

<p class="05Abstrak">Abstract</p><p class="06IsiAbstrak">The teachings of Islam for the Sasak people get a very high place in carrying out their daily religious life in accordance with the teachings of their religion. The purpose of this study is to analyze theoretical analysis on Islamic religious traditions that have existed in the Sasak community since the beginning of their entry, placing more emphasis on strengthening religious practices or rituals that at a glance place great importance on religious expression. This research method uses the library research method about the role of the Nahdlatul Wathan Islamic mass organization figure in Lombok. The results showed that Nahdlatul Wathan focused on three areas of development, namely education, social and da'wah. The presence of Tuan Guru on the island of a thousand mosques gives a different feel. Bahklan is a characteristic of society, its influence can be felt in various fields, not only in the field of education, in politics but also in the executive field. </p><p class="06IsiAbstrak"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Tuan Guru, Community, Lombok, Nahdlatul Wathan.</p><p class="061AbstrakIndonesia">Abstrak</p><p class="061IsiAbstrakIndoneia">Ajaran Islam bagi masyarakat sasak mendapatkan tempat yang sangat tinggi dalam menjalankan kehidupan keagamaannya sehari-hari sesuai dengan ajaran agama yang dianut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan telaah teori analisis pada Tradisi keagamaan Islam yang terdapat di masyarakat Sasak sejak awal masuknya, lebih menekankan pada penguatan-penguatan amalan atau ritual keagamaan yang secara sepintas sangat mementingkan ekspresi keagamaan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode <em>library research</em> tentang peranan tokoh ormas islam nahdlatul wathan yang ada di lombok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nahdlatul Wathan fokus pada tiga bidang pembangunan, yaitu pendidikan, sosial dan dakwah. Kehadiran Tuan Guru di pulau seribu masjid memberikan nuansa yang berbeda. Bahklan merupakan ciri khas masyarakat, pengaruhnya dapat dirasakan di berbagai bidang, tidak hanya di bidang pendidikan, di bidang politik tetapi juga di bidang eksekutif. </p><p class="05Abstrak"><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> Tuan Guru,<em> </em>Masyarakat, Lombok, Nahdlatul Wathan.</p>

Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Suicide Deaths by Jumping from a High Place in Korean Children and Adolescents

Jumping from a high place is the most common method of suicide among Korean children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the personal, family, and school life of Korean children and adolescents who chose jumping from a high place, among suicide attempts and suicide deaths, based on teachers’ reports. Data on suicide attempts and suicide deaths by jumping from a high place in children and adolescents were collected through the Ministry of Education in South Korea from 2016 to 2018. We compared sociodemographic variables, suicide-related variables, emotional and behavioral status, school life related variables, and variables related to family problems among suicide deaths (n = 262), actual suicide attempts (n = 50), and interrupted or aborted suicide attempts (n = 210). There were differences in educational stage (p < 0.001), place of suicide (p < 0.001), presence of suicide note (p < 0.05) and previous suicide attempt (p < 0.001) among the three groups. The total difficulty score on the Strength Difficulty Questionnaire of interrupted or aborted suicide attempts was higher than that of the other two groups. Our study suggests that the suicide death group tend to present fewer personal and family pathologies and better school adjustment than the suicide attempt group.

A Mini Review of Presence and Immersion in Virtual Reality

Virtual reality technology is constantly improving such that a virtual environment is more like a physical one. However, some research evidence suggest that certain virtual reality scenarios are less real than others to human observers (e.g., experience of falling from a high place) leading to potential limitations of using virtual reality as a research tool for certain tasks. Moreover, since the inception of VR research the terms presence and immersion have been somewhat convoluted and at times, even used interchangeably. Using a thematic content analysis based on seventeen articles, a theme for each term emerged. Presence is an experiential quality in virtual environments and immersion is associated with the technical aspects of a virtual system that aide the user in feeling a sense of presence. Several new technologies, as well as more traditional approaches are discussed as potential methods to improve of immersion, and therefore presence, in virtual reality.

Improved LEACH protocol for increasing the lifetime of WSNs

<p>Recently, wireless sensor network (WSN) is taking a high place in several applications: military, industry, and environment. The importance of WSNs in current applications makes the WSNs the most developed technology at the research level and especially in the field of communication and computing. However, WSN’s performance deals with a number of challenges. Energy consumption is the most considerable for many researchers because nodes use energy to collect, treat, and send data, but they have restricted energy. For this reason, numerous efficient energy routing protocols have been developed to save the consumption of power. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is considered as the most attractive one in WSNs. In the present document, we evaluate the LEACH approach effectiveness in the cluster-head (CH) choosing and in data transmission, then we propose an enhanced protocol. The proposed algorithm aims to improve energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of WSN through selecting CHs depending on the remaining power, balancing the number of nodes in clusters, determining abandoned nodes in order to send their data to the sink. Then CHs choose the optimal path to achieve the sink. Simulation results exhibit that the enhanced method can decrease the consumption of energy and prolong the life-cycle of the network.</p>

Trends in method-specific suicide in Brazil from 2000 to 2017

Purpose Understanding long-term patterns of suicide methods can inform public health policy and prevention strategies. In Brazil, firearm-related policies may be one salient target for suicide prevention. This study describes trends in method-specific suicide at the national and state-levels in Brazil, with a particular focus on firearm-related suicides. Methods Brazilian mortality data for suicide and undetermined intent among people aged 10 years and older between 2000 and 2017 were obtained from the National Mortality Information System. We examined national and state-level trends in age-standardised suicide rates for hanging, self-poisoning, firearms, jumping from a high place, other, and unspecified methods. We also compared total rates of mortality from suicide and undetermined intent over the period. Applying Joinpoint regression, we tested changes in trends of firearm-specific suicide rates. Results The total suicide rate increased between 2000 and 2017. Rates of hanging, self-poisoning by drugs or alcohol and jumping from a high place showed the largest increases, while firearm-specific suicide rates decreased over the study period. Trends in methods of suicide varied by sex and state. Conclusion It is of public health concern that suicide rates in Brazil have risen this millennium. Restricting access to firearms might be an effective approach for reducing firearm-specific suicides, especially in states where firearm availability remains particularly high. Treatment and management of substance misuse may also be an important target for suicide prevention policies. More work is needed to understand the causes of rising suicide rates in Brazil and to improve the mental health of the population.

Suicide in the elderly: an epidemiologic study

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the incidence and means of elderly suicide in Brazil. Method: Epidemiologic, cross-sectional, quantitative, and retrospective study. The data were obtained in a platform maintained by the Ministry of Health and analyzed. The mortality rate was calculated and means and percentages regarding the employed means of suicide were obtained. Results: In this period, 8,977 suicides took place among the population over 60 years. The highest suicide rates were concentrated in the population over 80, which presented a mean 8.4/100,000 for this period, and between 70 and 79 years, with a mean rate of 8.2/100,000. Considering the total elderly population over 60 years, this value reached 7.8/100,000, whereas in the general population this was 5.3/100,000. The values are always higher among the elderly population: the mean rate in the last five years among the elderly is 47.2% higher than the mean for the general population. The main mean of suicide was hanging (68%), followed by firearm (11%), self-intoxication (9%), falling from a high place (5%), and undefined or undetermined means (6%). Conclusion: Epidemiologic analyses bring visibility to the dyad aging and suicide, corroborating the pertinence of this theme.

WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTERS : INCREASING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE INTENSITY OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

The paper presents an overview of ten successfully functioning science and education centers in Russia, two of which are described in details taking into account the fact that their productive activities are associated with the development of the Arctic territories - a task of global importance. The author makes an assumption about the possible potential for the development of the principle of «blooming complexity» in the sociotechnical sphere, and also warns against excessive enthusiasm for the struggle for a high place in international rankings: this may distort the productive traditions of Russian science education.

Prevention of suicide by jumping

Jumping from a high place is one of the notable lethal suicide methods. This method is particularly prevalent in areas where high-rise buildings are common. About 80% of the population of Hong Kong and Singapore live in high-rise buildings and jumping has accounted for more than 50% and 80% of suicides in Hong Kong and Singapore, respectively. Suicide by jumping has also accounted for 20% of suicides in Taipei City, where 35% of the buildings are six floors or higher. While ample empirical evidence supports the view that restricting access to lethal methods serve to prevent impulsive suicides, restricting means to jump down from a living environment surrounded by skyscrapers has become a real challenge. Multilayered intervention, such as fencing suicide hotspots, awareness-raising among the family and community members, safety planning and evaluation in new and existing buildings, as well as careful reporting in media should be implemented.

Investigating the story of the appearance of Fazl Loghman in Masnavi and the kingdom that gave bitter fruit to Chakri in Mantiq al-Tair and Rumi's superiority in the artistic development of the story over Attar

In order to critique literary works (comparative literature), the works in question are usually criticized from two different cultures, so according to this type of method, the works created in the same culture can be examined together. He found their commonalities and differences and achieved good results. Although Attar and Sanai have played an important role in determining the intellectual policy and drawing of Rumi's mystical model, Rumi's ability in the art of storytelling and his mystical goals from the results of stories have a high place in literature and educational works, although many stories The works he uses are not in his mind and he has a history in his previous works. (Sanai and Attar) But their goals and final results are different. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the commonalities and differences of the above story from the perspective of storytelling in order to reveal that Rumi has a higher artistic position than Attar in the art of storytelling.