scholarly journals Philosophical and Aesthetic Components of the Art of the Baroque Style

2013 ◽  
pp. 243-244
Author(s):  
E. V. Pozdnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Process ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Temple Art ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aesthetic Expression

In this paper considers the impact of the historical process of the formation of the Counter- Reformation in the philosophical views of aesthetic expression, symbolism and personification of the Christian temple art of the Baroque

The French Counter-Reformation

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-49
Author(s):  
Philippa Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Local Factors ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Rural World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Catholic Reform

This article discusses the redecoration of the rural French parish church in the French diocese of Le Mans from 1620–1688. Scholars have argued that the diocese’s prolific commissions of terracotta statues and retables represented the impact of the Council of Trent’s drive to educate the clergy and instill in them a sense of connoisseurship; the clergy led the diocese as patrons. Yet, these works of art are also quite particular to the region, suggesting that other factors were responsible for their proliferation. This article examines the statues and retable of St-Léonard-des-Bois, commissioned in c. 1630 and 1684. Using previously unavailable archival material, it proposes two new patrons for these commissions, and reconsiders the motives for clerical and secular leadership in this rural parish. It demonstrates that the rural world was not isolated and it is significant that both patrons came from beyond the parish. The article evaluates the influence upon the statues and retable of the centralising ‘Counter-Reformation’ and local factors such as geography, regional traditions, and local events. It argues that the rural Counter-Reformation had a paradoxical identity. It belonged to wider currents in Catholic Reform, and in the case of St-Léonard, was driven by two patrons determined to create a new position for themselves. However, as both of these commissions were accepted by the church’s fabrique, it is evident that subject choices persistently reflected older traditions, and images responded to very local circumstances.

The Jews and the Reformation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Austin
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
First Century ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Jewish Learning ◽  
The Impact

This book examines the attitudes of various Christian groups in the Protestant and Catholic Reformations towards Jews, the Hebrew language, and Jewish learning. Martin Luther's writings are notorious, but Reformation attitudes were much more varied and nuanced than these might lead us to believe. The book has much to tell us about the Reformation and its priorities, and it has important implications for how we think about religious pluralism more broadly. The book begins by focusing on the impact and various forms of the Reformation on the Jews and pays close attention to the global perspective on Jewish experiences in the early modern period. It highlights the links between Jews in Europe and those in north Africa, Asia Minor, and the Americas, and it looks into the Jews' migrations and reputation as a corollary of Christians' exploration and colonisation of several territories. It seeks to next establish the position Jews occupied in Christian thinking and society by the start of the Reformation era, and then moves on to the first waves of reform in the earliest decades of the sixteenth century in both the Catholic and Protestant realms. The book explores the radical dimension to the Protestant Reformation and talks about identity as the heart of a fundamental issue associated with the Reformation. It analyzes “Counter Reformation” and discusses the various forms of Protestantism that had been accepted by large swathes of the population of many territories in Europe. Later chapters turn attention to relations between Jews and Christians in the first half of the seventeenth century and explore the Sabbatean movement as the most significant messianic movement since the first century BCE. In conclusion, the book summarizes how the Jews of Europe were in a very different position by the end of the seventeenth century compared to where they had been at the start of the sixteenth century. It recounts how Jewish communities sprung up in places which had not traditionally been a home to Jews, especially in Eastern Europe.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT THE TURNING POINT OF THE SOCIOHISTORICAL PROCESS VECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (175) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
T.S. Salnikova ◽  
◽  
N.N. Matnenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Original Concept

The article presents the author’s original concept of choosing from the available alternatives for the development of Russian entrepreneurship in the conditions of a cardinal change in the vector of the socio-historical process, when human civilization and culture are moving into a fundamentally new quality, in comparison with all past eras of the history known in science. The object and subject basis, the main contradiction and the driving forces of this transition are determined, with tracing its direct and inverse connections with the process of formation and development of entrepreneurship, which has an internally contradictory and antagonistic structure. A set of recommendations on the impact of the state and society on entrepreneurship and proposals on the positive impact of entrepreneurship on the state and society have been developed.

Toryism to Tamworth: The Triumph of Reform, 1827-1835

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Impact

The Great Reform Act has received a great deal of much needed attention in the last decade. One mode of getting at its significance has, however, been largely ignored. The mode usually followed, particularly recently, has been to examine what the Whig framers of the Act thought they were about, and then, by means of electoral analysis, whether they achieved their object. The two questions are not necessarily the same, of course. For example, most historians of the period would now agree that Professor D. C. Moore, however valuable and stimulating his contribution to the debate, is wrong about Whig intentions. Some may suspect he is also at least in part wrong about the electoral system which grew out of the Act. That, however, has yet to be proven. Yet, even if we could know all about the reformed electoral system, we would still not know all about the impact of the Great Reform Act. For in history what is important is not only what actually happened, but what people of the time believe happened. It is to this sort of question that I want to turn my attention in this paper. Because one of the best ways to appreciate the great significance of the Reform Act is to examine the change it wrought in the attitudes of politicians, particularly of Tory politicians.Undoubtedly, the two most important of the recent works on the Act are the books of Professors Brock and Cannon. Essentially, both represent a vindication of the main outlines of the old “Whig interpretation.” Thus, both Brock and Cannon see the Act as a response to mounting pressures out-of-doors, the culmination of a long historical process, and an important turning point in the emergence of a more liberal and broadly based political system. Nor does either doubt that the Act marked an important concession to the middle classes, or that it deserves its old designation of “Great.”

scholarly journals Between Religion and Economics: Towards a Shift of Paradigm in Early Modern Economic Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p79
Author(s):  
Eleonora Belligni
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

At the beginning of the early modern age, philosophers, religious and political thinkers writing on economics had to deal with categories that were still based on the religious certainties of the medieval West, and with a paradigm built on Aristotelian dialectic between oikos (the family economy) and chrèmata (wealth). From this frame, articulated and innovative investigations on the contemporary economic world were born in the late Middle Ages of Europe: but up until the late seventeenth century, at least, the Aristotelian paradigm remained a rigid cage for most of the writers. Yet, both the impact of some theoretical work on the relationship between religion and economy, and some significant changing in European scenario started to break this cage. Evidence of a shifting of paradigm could be detected even in Counter-Reformation authors like the Italian Giovanni Botero.

The Future of Trade Fairs After the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-190
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sami Süygün
Keyword(s):  
Global Market ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Strategies

Globalization has made the whole world a common market for businesses by removing the commercial borders between countries. Increased competition in the global market has pushed businesses that want to operate in this arena to implement new strategies. As a promotion activity, fairs have been the most important assistant of the companies that want to internationalize over the years. Although the concept of fair organizations has changed with the effect of digitalization in the historical process, fairs still continue their main function of bringing buyers and sellers together. The subject of this chapter is how virtual fairs, which have increased their importance in marketing activities with the pandemic, will affect the future of trade fairs. In this context, the history of the fairs, their place and importance in international marketing, virtual fairs, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the future of international fairs will be discussed.

Life Writing for the Counter-Reformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Danielle Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Life Writing ◽  
Collective State ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Autobiographical Texts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Life Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This essay examines the English translations of the autobiographical writings of Teresa de Ávila — The Lyf of the Mother Teresa of Iesus (Antwerp, 1611) and The Flaming Hart (Antwerp, 1642) — to demonstrate the impact of her exemplary spiritual life on the development of early modern life writing, particularly in domestic contexts. Teresa’s autobiographical texts were mediated for new audiences: religious orders and lay readers, both Catholic and Protestant. Teresa quickly established cult status in large part through readers’ engagement with the record of her life. Analysis of her writings shows how they partook in a carefully orchestrated campaign of Counter-Reformation proselytization that established a network of religious houses but also a network of thought and contemplation across Europe. The key players involved with circulating her works were by and large lay people operating in close collaboration with houses on the Continent, but outside of the religious orders per se. While Teresa’s writings were a source of inspiration and emulation across the confessional divide and across the gender divide, she had a particular appeal for women, who often acted as crucial agents of conversion and reconversion, particularly in England. The article also shows how Teresa’s own protracted and intensive effort to validate her spiritual visions had the effect of both publicizing and authorizing herself as an authentic witness to the divine in the face of an oppositional, tradition-defending church. This must have had strong appeal in a century that was profoundly concerned with rearticulating the relationships between individual and collective state or religious authority.

scholarly journals After Brecht: the Impact (Effects, Affects) of Intermedial Theatre

2010 ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Process ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article addresses claims made about the impact of intermedial theatre with reference to examples of contemporary practice. In particular it makes references to Brecht in this context and differentiates between Brechtian politics and aesthetics. The professed aim of intermedial practitioners to dislocate the bearings of experiencers of their work and to afford new perceptions by means of a radical play between mediums appears to resonate, at the level of principles of composition, with Brecht’s “radical separation of the elements.” However, at the level of politics, Brecht’s drama sought a broader understanding of isolated individuals by inviting audiences to see their experience in connection with a total historical process. But, regarding the Marxist trajectory in which Brecht’s practice was located, the context changed markedly post-1968, and beyond recognition post-1989. The article thus proposes that a new formulation is required of the impacts of new perceptions elicited by contemporary intermedial practices and ends with a brief consideration of Rancière’s account of the clash of heterogeneous elements in intermedial practice.

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