scholarly journals INDUCED IN VIVO MUTAGENESIS USING COLCHICINE IN HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ON M2 COWPEA, YARDLONG BEAN AND COMMON BEAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Gede Ketut Susrama ◽  
Ni Luh Made Pradnyawathi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Plant Chromosome ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Yardlong Bean

Research on doubling plant chromosome using colchicine has been carried out for years with water as its solvent. In this study, an innovation was carried out by trying to do colchicine treatment in hydrogen peroxide. In this in vivo induced mutagenesis research, colchicine in hydrogen peroxide was administered as mutagen on seeds three species of crops i.e. mutan M2 cowpea, yardlong bean, and common bean by soaking method. The results of this research showed that three times multistep mutant (M3) of cowpea was having mutant characteristics that the shape of its leaflet changed from rhombus to ovate. Besides, both yardlong bean varieties used in this research (BLR and KTR) showed indication of a mutant crop that having compound leaves with more than three leaflets in a stalk. Common bean of PTW variety was not attacked by any aphid but it was attacked by leafminer. Finally, we found “rainbow common bean” from this research.  

Fluorescent proteins for in vivo imaging, where's the biliverdin?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2657-2667
Author(s):  
Felipe Montecinos-Franjola ◽  
John Y. Lin ◽  
Erik A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Red Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Color Palette

Noninvasive fluorescent imaging requires far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for deeper imaging. Near-infrared light penetrates biological tissue with blood vessels due to low absorbance, scattering, and reflection of light and has a greater signal-to-noise due to less autofluorescence. Far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins absorb light >600 nm to expand the color palette for imaging multiple biosensors and noninvasive in vivo imaging. The ideal fluorescent proteins are bright, photobleach minimally, express well in the desired cells, do not oligomerize, and generate or incorporate exogenous fluorophores efficiently. Coral-derived red fluorescent proteins require oxygen for fluorophore formation and release two hydrogen peroxide molecules. New fluorescent proteins based on phytochrome and phycobiliproteins use biliverdin IXα as fluorophores, do not require oxygen for maturation to image anaerobic organisms and tumor core, and do not generate hydrogen peroxide. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein (smURFP) was evolved from a cyanobacterial phycobiliprotein to covalently attach biliverdin as an exogenous fluorophore. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein is biophysically as bright as the enhanced green fluorescent protein, is exceptionally photostable, used for biosensor development, and visible in living mice. Novel applications of smURFP include in vitro protein diagnostics with attomolar (10−18 M) sensitivity, encapsulation in viral particles, and fluorescent protein nanoparticles. However, the availability of biliverdin limits the fluorescence of biliverdin-attaching fluorescent proteins; hence, extra biliverdin is needed to enhance brightness. New methods for improved biliverdin bioavailability are necessary to develop improved bright far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for noninvasive imaging in vivo.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF COLCHICINE ON MYOGENESIS IN VIVO IN RANA PIPIENS AND RHODNIUS PROLIXUS (HEMIPTERA)

1968 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Microtubule Disruption ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Tadpole Tail ◽  
Differentiation And Dedifferentiation ◽  
Regeneration Blastema

The effect of colchicine on myogenesis in vivo has been studied in the regenerating tadpole tail of the frog, Rana pipiens, and in the abdominal molting muscles of a blood-sucking bug, Rhodnius prolixus Stål. Colchicine is shown to disrupt microtubules in the differentiating muscle cells of both these organisms. The disruption of microtubules is correlated with a loss of longitudinal anisometry in the myoblasts and myotubes of the regeneration blastema in the tadpole tail. Before colchicine treatment, the myotubes contain longitudinally oriented myofibrils. After colchicine treatment, rounded, multinucleate myosacs containing randomly oriented myofibrils are present. It is suggested that the primary function of microtubules in myogenesis in the Rana pipiens tadpole is the maintenance of cell shape. The abdominal molting muscles of Rhodnius undergo repeated phases of differentiation and dedifferentiation of the sarcoplasm. However, the longitudinal anisometry of the muscle fibers is maintained in all phases by the attachments of the ends of the fibers to the exoskeleton, and microtubule disruption does not alter cell shape. The orientation of the developing myofibrils is also unaltered, indicating that the microtubules do not directly align or support the myofibrils in this system.

In vivo Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Rat Remnant Kidney

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Van den Branden ◽  
Joseph Vamecq ◽  
Dierik Verbeelen ◽  
Frank Roels
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Production ◽  
Remnant Kidney

A novel colorimetric and near-infrared fluorescent probe for hydrogen peroxide imaging in vitro and in vivo

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (104) ◽  
pp. 85957-85963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Yibo Mao ◽  
Yueqing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Near Infrared

A novel NIR fluorescent probe (DCM-B2) based on dicyanomethylene-4H-pyran was synthesized for the detection of H2O2.

scholarly journals Hexarelin exerts neuroprotective and antioxidant effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity through the modulation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt patways in Neuro-2A cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Meanti ◽  
Laura Rizzi ◽  
Elena Bresciani ◽  
Laura Molteni ◽  
Vittorio Locatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell Line ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
No Production ◽  
Mrna Levels

AbstractHexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide, protects cardiac and skeletal muscles by inhibiting apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, evidence suggests that hexarelin could have important neuroprotective bioactivity.Oxidative stress and the generation of free radicals has been implicated in the etiologies of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis. In addition to direct oxidative stress, exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can penetrate biological membranes and enhance the formation of other reactive oxygen species.The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory influence of hexarelin on H2O2-induced apoptosis in Neuro-2A cells, a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Our results indicate that H2O2 reduced the viability of Neuro-2A cells in a dose-related fashion. Furthermore, H2O2 induced significant changes in the morphology of Neuro-2A cells, reflected in the formation of apoptotic cell bodies, and an increase of nitric oxide (NO) production. Hexarelin effectively antagonized H2O2 oxidative damage to Neuro-2A cells as indicated by improved cell viability, normal morphology and reduced nitrite (NO2−) release. Hexarelin treatment of Neuro-2A cells also reduced mRNA levels of caspases−3 and −7 and those of the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax; by contrast, hexarelin treatment increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA levels. Hexarelin also reduced MAPKs phosphorylation induced by H2O2 and concurrently increased p-Akt protein expression.In conclusion, our results identify several neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of hexarelin. These properties suggest that further investigation of hexarelin as a neuroprotective agent in an investigational and therapeutic context are merited.

A lysosome targetable fluorescent probe for endogenous imaging of hydrogen peroxide in living cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (26) ◽  
pp. 3701-3704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahi Imam Reja ◽  
Muskan Gupta ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
Vandana Bhalla ◽  
Puja Ohri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Living Cells

A lysosome targetable naphthalimide based fluorescent probe has been designed and synthesized for selective imaging of H2O2 in different cells, tissues and in vivo models.

Epicatechin and its in vivo metabolite, 3′-O-methyl epicatechin, protect human fibroblasts from oxidative-stress-induced cell death involving caspase-3 activation

2001 ◽  
Vol 354 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy P. E. SPENCER ◽  
Hagen SCHROETER ◽  
Gunter KUHNLE ◽  
S. Kaila S. SRAI ◽  
Rex M. TYRRELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties

There is considerable current interest in the cytoprotective effects of natural antioxidants against oxidative stress. In particular, epicatechin, a major member of the flavanol family of polyphenols with powerful antioxidant properties in vitro, has been investigated to determine its ability to attenuate oxidative-stress-induced cell damage and to understand the mechanism of its protective action. We have induced oxidative stress in cultured human fibroblasts using hydrogen peroxide and examined the cellular responses in the form of mitochondrial function, cell-membrane damage, annexin-V binding and caspase-3 activation. Since one of the major metabolites of epicatechin in vivo is 3′-O-methyl epicatechin, we have compared its protective effects with that of epicatechin. The results provide the first evidence that 3′-O-methyl epicatechin inhibits cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide and that the mechanism involves suppression of caspase-3 activity as a marker for apoptosis. Furthermore, the protection elicited by 3′-O-methyl epicatechin is not significantly different from that of epicatechin, suggesting that hydrogen-donating antioxidant activity is not the primary mechanism of protection.

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