scholarly journals Safety and improvement in exercise tolerance with interval training vs moderate-intensity continuous training in heart disease patient of very high cardiovascular risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo D. Pineda-García ◽  
Jorge A. Lara-Vargas ◽  
Andrés Ku-González ◽  
Víctor J. Lastra-Silva ◽  
Rodolfo Arteaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Heart Disease Patient ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Salutary effects of high-intensity interval training in persons with elevated cardiovascular risk

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome L. Fleg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Although moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) has been the traditional model for aerobic exercise training for over four decades, a growing body of literature has demonstrated equal if not greater improvement in aerobic capacity and similar beneficial effects on body composition, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and quality of life from high-intensity interval training (HIIT). An advantage of HIIT over MICT is the shorter time required to perform the same amount of energy expenditure. The current brief review summarizes the effects of HIIT on peak aerobic capacity and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adults and those with various cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, and post heart transplantation.

scholarly journals Features of Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease According to the SCORE Charts in the Presence of Heart Rate Turbulence

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Vytryhovskyy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Heart Rate Turbulence ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Very High

The objective of the research was to develop new approaches to the prediction, prevention and treatment of complications in patients at high and very high total cardiovascular risk based on the assessment of heart rate turbulence.Materials and methods. 319 patients were examined to study the role of heart rate turbulence in the formation and progression of sudden cardiac death in the cardiovascular continuum based on the Holter monitoring. All patients were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 included patients with coronary heart disease without concomitant risk factors such as smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome; Group 2 consisted of patients smoking tobacco for more than 2 years (those at very high cardiovascular risk); Group 3 included patients with metabolic syndrome without existing coronary heart disease or arterial hypertension (those at high cardiovascular risk); Group 4 consisted of 50 patients with metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension (the control group).Results. In practically healthy people with the phenomenon of heart rate turbulence, there was a high level of sympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system, which was more pronounced in the passive period of the day. In people with postinfarction cardiosclerosis and the phenomenon of heart rate turbulence hypersympathicotonia being associated with high psycho-emotional stress was typical in the active as well as the passive period of the day; the central mechanisms of regulation prevailed over autonomous ones. In people with coronary heart disease (postinfarction cardiosclerosis) psycho-emotional stress and functional state of the cerebral cortex played an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In the passive period of the day, the tension value of the total body regulation decreased, mainly due to high-frequency component of heart rate variability. Hypersympathicotonia and high activity of the vasomotor center at night explain the high incidence of complications and exacerbations of coronary artery disease in the passive period of the day.  In individuals at very high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts with the phenomenon of heart rate turbulence the QT interval lengthening was not observed. The feature of this group was the moderate total tension of heart rate variability in the active period of the day and its rise to the highest limits during the passive period of the day, which was associated with low activity of all spectra. The stress index in patients at very high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts in the passive period of the day reduced compared to the active period of the day. The indices of acceleration and deceleration of the sinus rhythm in patients at very high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts were within normal limits. In individuals at high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts with the phenomenon of heart rhythm turbulence the parameters of heart rate turbulence acceleration were below normal limits; the paramters of deceleration were normal; shortening of the QT interval was not observed.Conclusions. The determination of heart rate turbulence is quite simple, non-invasive, affordable screening method of forecasting the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases as well as early detection of patients predisposed to sudden cardiac death in the general population.

scholarly journals Effects of High Intensity Interval versus Moderate Continuous Training on Markers of Ventilatory and Cardiac Efficiency in Coronary Heart Disease Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo G. Cardozo ◽  
Ricardo B. Oliveira ◽  
Paulo T. V. Farinatti
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background. We tested the hypothesis that high intensity interval training (HIIT) would be more effective than moderate intensity continuous training (MIT) to improve newly emerged markers of cardiorespiratory fitness in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, as the relationship between ventilation and carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2slope), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), and oxygen pulse (O2P).Methods. Seventy-one patients with optimized treatment were randomly assigned into HIIT (n=23, age = 56 ± 12 years), MIT (n=24, age = 62 ± 12 years), or nonexercise control group (CG) (n=24, age = 64 ± 12 years). MIT performed 30 min of continuous aerobic exercise at 70–75% of maximal heart rate (HRmax), and HIIT performed 30 min sessions split in 2 min alternate bouts at 60%/90% HRmax (3 times/week for 16 weeks).Results. No differences among groups (before versus after) were found for VE/VCO2slope or OUES (P>0.05). After training the O2P slope increased in HIIT (22%,P<0.05) but not in MIT (2%,P>0.05), while decreased in CG (−20%,P<0.05) becoming lower versus HIIT (P=0.03).Conclusion. HIIT was more effective than MIT for improving O2P slope in CHD patients, while VE/VCO2slope and OUES were similarly improved by aerobic training regimens versus controls.

scholarly journals Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases and Concomitant Phenomenon of Heart Rate Turbulence wih the Indicators of Apparently Healthy Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Vytryhovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Heart Rate Turbulence ◽  
Very High ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The objective of the research was to develop new approaches to the prognosis, prevention and treatment of complications in patients at high and very high total cardiovascular risk based on the assessment of the state and effect on heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence.Materials and methods. There were examined 319 patients; they underwent a 24-hour monitoring of their heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence. All the patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 included patients with coronary heart disease (post-infarction cardiosclerosis) without concomitant risk factors such as smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome; Group 2 consisted of patients smoking tobacco for more than 2 years; Group 3 included patients with metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension; the control group.Results. In patients with coronary heart disease and concomitant phenomenon of heart rate turbulence, the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system was significantly higher in the active period of the day, while the passive period of the day was associated with the elevated level of stress. Due to this, among patients of this group, there was a decrease in the tension value of the total body regulation in the passive period of the day, while in healthy individuals, its increase was observed. In patients at high and very high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts with the phenomenon of heart rate turbulence, the stress index was significantly higher throughout the day as compared to apparently healthy individuals. In patients at high cardiovascular risk and concomitant phenomenon of heart rate turbulence, the parameters of heart rate turbulence acceleration were significantly higher as compared to those of apparently healthy individuals.Conclusions. In patients at high and very high cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts with coronary heart disease and concomitant phenomenon of heart rate turbulence, the occurrence of ventricular extrasystole had a vagal nature; they were characterized by a higher level of stress in the passive period of the day as compared to the active one.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Efficacy of Fixed Combination of Amlodipine and Ramipril in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Very High Cardiovascular Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 840-845
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Korennova ◽  
S. P. Podolnaya ◽  
E. P. Prihodko ◽  
E. A. Turusheva ◽  
S. N. Starinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Fixed Combination ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Antihypertensive Efficacy ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High

Aim. To evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of amlodipine and ramipril in hypertensive patients with very high cardiovascular risk. Material and methods. A retrospective cohort study of real clinical practice of prescribing antihypertensive drugs according to 255 medical records of outpatient hypertensive patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and coronary artery stenting was performed in the first part. An open observational study was performed in the second part. 69 people older than 18 years with a history of ACS and coronary artery stenting, without reaching the target blood pressure (BP) level while using free combinations of antihypertensive drugs and with indications for a fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine were included into the study. Analysis of self-monitoring of BP, office BP, daily BP monitoring (ABPM) and patients’ adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green test) initially, after 4 and after 12 weeks of taking the fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine was performed to assess the clinical efficacy of the studied drug. Results. It was found that 42.0% of patients did not follow the recommendations for regular intake of antihypertensive drugs. So, hypertension of all patients regarded as false-refractory, which was the basis for the prescription of the fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine in accordance with clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. After 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant decrease in office BP with the achievement and preservation of the target level by the 12th week, normalization to the 12th week of day and night BP variability in 54.9% of patients. 78.0% of patients followed medical recommendations for regular administration of antihypertensive drugs, none of the patients had adverse events. Conclusion. The use of fixed combinations of drugs, in particular, amlodipine and ramipril as a part of multicomponent therapy in hypertensive patients with very high cardiovascular risk, led to the achievement of target BP by the 4th week of therapy and stable preservation of antihypertensive effect in 12 weeks of treatment as well as gradual normalization of day and night BP variability in more than half of patients. Fixed combination of ramipril and amlodipine allowed to improve adherence of patients to cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Effects of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training Compared to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Glycemic Control and Body Composition in Older Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Obesities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
Alexis Marcotte-Chénard ◽  
Dominic Tremblay ◽  
Marie-Michelle Mony ◽  
Pierre Boulay ◽  
Martin Brochu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Mild Hyperglycemia ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Objective: To compare the acute and chronic effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on glycemic control, body composition and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in older women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Thirty older women (68 ± 5 years) with T2D were randomized in two groups—HIIT (75 min/week) or MICT (150 min/week). Glucose homeostasis (A1c, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR2) and body composition (iDXA) were measured before and after the 12-week exercise intervention. During the first and last week of training (24-h before and 48-h after exercise), the following CGM-derived data were measured: 24-h and peak glucose levels, glucose variability and time spent in hypoglycemia as well as severe and mild hyperglycemia. Results: While lean body mass increased (p = 0.035), total and trunk fat mass decreased (p ≤ 0.007), without any difference between groups (p ≥ 0.81). Fasting glucose levels (p = 0.001) and A1c (p = 0.014) significantly improved in MICT only, with a significant difference between groups for fasting glucose (p = 0.02). Neither HIIT nor MICT impacted CGM-derived data at week 1 (p ≥ 0.25). However, 24-h and peak glucose levels, as well as time spent in mild hyperglycemia, decreased in HIIT at week 12 (p ≤ 0.03). Conclusion: These results suggest that 12 weeks of low-volume HIIT is enough to provide similar benefit to MICT for body composition and improve the acute effect of exercise when measured with CGM.

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