Program for APOE-E4 allele detection in a Mexican population of older patients with cognitive impairment

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been identified as an important modifiable lifestyle risk factor for dementia, but less is known about how BMI might interact with Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) carrier status to predict conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between APOE ɛ4 status and baseline (bBMI) and five-year BMI change (ΔBMI) on conversion to MCI or dementia in initially cognitively healthy older adults. Methods: The associations between bBMI, ΔBMI, APOE ɛ4 status, and conversion to MCI or dementia were investigated among 1,289 cognitively healthy elders from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Results: After five years, significantly more carriers (30.6%) converted to MCI or dementia than noncarriers (17.6%), p < 0.001, OR = 2.06. Neither bBMI (OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.96–1.02) nor the bBMI by APOE interaction (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.96–1.08) predicted conversion. Although ΔBMI also did not significantly predict conversion (OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.78–1.04), the interaction between ΔBMI and carrier status was significant (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.53–0.98). For carriers only, each one-unit decline in BMI over five years was associated with a 27%increase in the odds of conversion (OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.57–0.94). Conclusion: A decline in BMI over five years, but not bBMI, was strongly associated with conversion to MCI or dementia only for APOE ɛ4 carriers. Interventions and behaviors aimed at maintaining body mass may be important for long term cognitive health in older adults at genetic risk for AD.

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Using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) to assess cognitive impairment in older patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Bipolar Disorders ◽

10.1111/bdi.12171 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 326-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jennyfer Cholet ◽

Anne Sauvaget ◽

Jean-Marie Vanelle ◽

Caroline Hommet ◽

Karl Mondon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Older Patients ◽

Brief Assessment

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The approach to patients with cognitive impairment and hip fracture: the role of orthogeriatric care

Reviews in Clinical Gerontology ◽

10.1017/s0959259814000100 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 219-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francisco J Tarazona-Santabalbina ◽

Juan R Doménech-Pascual ◽

Ángel Belenguer-Varea A ◽

Eduardo Rovira Daudi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Hip Fracture ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Older Patients ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Perspectives ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Falls

SummaryHip fracture is very common among older patients, who are characterized by increased co-morbidities, including cognitive impairment. These patients have an increased risk of falls and fractures, poorer functional recovery and lower survival both in hospital and 12 months after discharge. We review the survival and functional outcomes of older patients with cognitive impairment and hip fracture managed in orthogeriatric units, and highlight the gaps in our knowledge of the efficacy and efficiency of specific orthogeriatric programmes for such patients and the future research perspectives in this field.

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Construct Validity, Test-Retest Reliability, Sensitivity to Change, and Feasibility of the Patient-Specific Functional Scale in Acutely Hospitalized Older Patients With and Without Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy ◽

10.1519/jpt.0000000000000303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Patrick Heldmann ◽

Saskia Hummel ◽

Laura Bauknecht ◽

Jürgen M. Bauer ◽

Christian Werner

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Older Patients ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Sensitivity To Change ◽

Functional Scale ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Validity Test ◽

Reliability Sensitivity ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Lower Skeletal Muscle Mass at Admission Independently Predicts Falls and Mortality 3 Months Post-discharge in Hospitalized Older Patients

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/gly281 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (10) ◽

pp. 1650-1656 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Esmee M Reijnierse ◽

Sjors Verlaan ◽

Vivien K Pham ◽

Wen Kwang Lim ◽

Carel G M Meskers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Older Patients ◽

Test Score ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Bed Rest ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Male Sex ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Approximately 10% of older adults are annually admitted to a hospital. Hospitalization is associated with a higher risk of falls and mortality after discharge. This study aimed to identify predictors at admission for falls and mortality 3 months post-discharge in hospitalized older patients. Methods The Evaluation of Muscle parameters in a Prospective cohort of Older patients at clinical Wards Exploring Relations with bed rest and malnutrition (EMPOWER) study is an observational, prospective longitudinal inception cohort of 378 patients aged 70 years and older who were subsequently admitted to a tertiary hospital (the Netherlands). Potential predictors for falls and mortality 3 months post-discharge were tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and included the following domains: demographic (age, sex, living independently), lifestyle (alcohol, smoking), nutrition (SNAQ score), muscle mass (absolute, relative), physical function (handgrip strength, Katz ADL score), cognition (six-item cognitive impairment test score), and disease (medications, diseases). Results The mean age was 79.6 years (standard deviation 6.23) and 50% were male. Within 3 months post-discharge, 19% reported a fall and 13% deceased. Univariate predictors for falls were higher age, lower absolute muscle mass and higher six-item cognitive impairment test score. Lower absolute muscle mass independently predicted falls post-discharge (multivariate). Univariate predictors for mortality were higher age, male sex, no current alcohol use, higher SNAQ score, lower absolute and higher relative muscle mass, higher Katz ADL score and higher number of diseases. Male sex, higher SNAQ score, and lower absolute muscle mass independently predicted mortality post-discharge (multivariate). Conclusions In hospitalized older adults, muscle mass should be measured to predict future outcome. Future intervention studies should investigate if increasing muscle mass prevent short-term falls and mortality.

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Factors Associated With Primary Care Physicians’ Recognition of Cognitive Impairment in Their Older Patients

Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders ◽

10.1097/wad.0000000000000039 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 320-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mary C. Tierney ◽

Gary Naglie ◽

Ross Upshur ◽

Liisa Jaakkimainen ◽

Rahim Moineddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Older Patients ◽

Factors Associated

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Issues and Questions Surrounding Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Patients

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.2019.22527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 323 (8) ◽

pp. 722

Author(s):

Ronald C. Petersen ◽

Kristine Yaffe

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Older Patients

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Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Mexican Older Adults: Data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS)

10.1101/2020.01.03.20016345 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Miguel Arce Rentería ◽

Jennifer J. Manly ◽

Jet M. J. Vonk ◽

Silvia Mejia Arango ◽

Alejandra Michaels Obregon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Older Age ◽

Mexican Population ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Amnestic Mci ◽

Low Education ◽

Health Factors ◽

Aging Study

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONWe estimated the prevalence and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes in Mexican population using the cognitive aging ancillary study of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.METHODSUsing a robust norms approach and comprehensive neuropsychological criteria, we determined MCI in a sample of adult Mexicans (N=1,807;55-97years). Additionally, we determined prevalence rates using traditional criteria.RESULTSPrevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged 4.3% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age and rurality. Depression, diabetes and low educational attainment were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Using traditional criteria, prevalence of MCI was lower (2.2% amnestic MCI, other subtypes ranged 1.3%-2.4%).DISCUSSIONOlder age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were associated with increased risk of MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are likely multifactorial and may vary by MCI subtype.Research in ContextSystematic reviewWe reviewed the literature using Google Scholar and PubMed. Few studies have reported prevalence rates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Mexican population. These studies have primarily relied on limited cognitive assessments, and diverse MCI criteria. Evaluating the prevalence of MCI with a robust neuropsychological approach can help understand the rates and risk factors associated with MCI across a large and representative sample of the aging Mexican population.InterpretationVarious sociodemographic and health factors such as older age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were significant correlates of MCI and differed by MCI subtype.Future directionsLongitudinal studies will be needed to evaluate the diagnostic stability of MCI over time, and its association with incident dementia. Future work will evaluate the casual path of these sociodemographic and health factors on cognitive impairment to develop effective interventions.

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Impact of rehabilitation measures on cognitive dysfunction in older patients after surgical treatment of nuclear cataract

Consilium Medicum ◽

10.26442/20751753.2020.12.200525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 89-92

Author(s):

Evgenia V. Popova ◽

◽

Evgenia V. Popova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Older Patients ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Nuclear Cataract ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Moderate Cognitive Impairment ◽

Rehabilitation Measures

Background. The high prevalence of nuclear cataracts in older age groups is accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in cognitive abilities as a result of this ophthalmic disease, and other General somatic polymorbid pathology. Aim. To study the cognitive abilities of elderly and senile patients with nuclear cataracts during medical rehabilitation. Materials and methods. In clinical conditions, 68 elderly and senile patients with nuclear cataract underwent femtolaser-assisted cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, and in the postoperative period, medical and non-drug rehabilitation was performed (the main group). The control group con-sisted of 65 patients with nuclear cataract of the same age who also underwent the above-mentioned surgery without rehabilitation measures. The MMSE scale was used to assess cognitive impairment. Results. 9 months after surgical treatment, the cognitive status of patients in the main group improved from 17.4±0.2 to 20.7±0.3 points (p>0.05). Moderate initial cognitive dysfunction in patients of the main group changed to mild after 9 months, while in the control group it remained the same. At the same time, the proportion of patients with moderate cognitive impairment decreased significantly in the main group from 61.71±5.9% before rehabilitation to 13.2±4.1% after it was completed, and the number of patients with no cognitive deficit increased (p<0.001). In the control group, the number of patients with moderate cognitive impairment decreased from 60.0±6.0 to 46.2±6.2% (p>0.05). Conclusion. The implementation of rehabilitation measures in the postoperative period helps to improve the cognitive status of older patients with nuclear ca-taracts.

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Reliability and validity of a quick test of cognitive speed (AQT) in screening for mild cognitive impairment and dementia

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02621-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar ◽

Elisabeth H. Wiig ◽

Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽

Behnam Shariati ◽

Sara Nejati

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Older Patients ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Quick Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cognitive Speed ◽

Color Form

Abstract Background Cognitive disorders are one of the important issues in old age. There are many cognitive tests, but some variables affect their results (e.g., age and education). This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) in screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods This is a psychometric properties study. 115 older adults participated in the study and were divided into three groups (46 with MCI, 24 with dementia, and 45 control) based on the diagnosis of two geriatric psychiatrists. Participants were assessed by AQT and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and ROC curve by SPSS v.23. Results There was no significant correlation between AQT subscales and age and no significant difference between the AQT subscales in sex, educational levels. The test-retest correlations ranges were 0.84 from 097. Concurrent validity was significant between MMSE and AQT. Its correlation was with Color − 0.78, Form − 0.71, and Color-Form − 0.72. The cut-off point for Color was 43.50 s, Form 52 s, and Color-Form 89 s were based on sensitivity and specificity for differentiating older patients with MCI with controls. The cut-off point for Color was 62.50 s, for Form 111 s, and Color-Form 197.50 s based on sensitivity and specificity measures for differentiating older patients with dementia and MCI. Conclusion The findings showed that AQT is a suitable tool for screening cognitive function in older adults.

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