scholarly journals Polskie firmy na tle zagranicznych korporacji w dobie globalizacji

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
Stanisław Sala
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The One ◽  
Qualitative Changes

This article presents the role and the importance of Polish Transnational Corporations (TC) to global economy. Dynamic development of TC can be observed since the beginning of 70s of the 20thcentury. Nowadays TC have huge economic power which generates large profits. Many times incomes of TC are bigger than the value of GDP of less developed countries. Activity of TC is very controversial. On the one hand, present TC should be treated as an answer to qualitative changes which have taken place mainly in the sphere of telecommunication and means of transport, on the other hand, they are the motive power of these changes.Polish corporations are very small in comparison with the foreign ones. We have noticed a great disproportion of worth in comparison with corporations which are on the list of the global 1000 or 2000 biggest-worth corporations on the rising market. If Polish corporations want to catch up with the foreign ones, they must considerably increase the speed of their development.

Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2009: Sources and Roots

2009 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
G. Rapoport ◽  
A. Guerts
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Production Output ◽  
The One ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Partial Destruction

In the article the global crisis of 2008-2009 is considered as superposition of a few regional crises that occurred simultaneously but for different reasons. However, they have something in common: developed countries tend to maintain a strong level of social security without increasing the real production output. On the one hand, this policy has resulted in trade deficit and partial destruction of market mechanisms. On the other hand, it has clashed with the desire of several oil and gas exporting countries to receive an exclusive price for their energy resources.

Psychology of the Market and Economic Power (On Psychological Approach of Alan Greenspan to the Analysis of Economic Problems)

2011 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Yu. Olsevich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Market System ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the psychological basis of the theory and economic policy of libertarianism, as contained in the book by A. Greenspan "The Age of Turbulence", clarifies the strengths and weaknesses of this doctrine that led to its discredit in 2008. It presents a new understanding of liberalization in 1980-1990s as a process of institutional transformation at the micro and meso levels, implemented by politicians and entrepreneurs with predatory and opportunistic mentality. That process caused, on the one hand, the acceleration of growth, on the other hand - the erosion of informal foundations of a market system. With psychology and ideology of libertarianism, it is impossible to perceive real macro risks generated at the micro level, which lead to a systemic crisis, and to develop measures to prevent it.

scholarly journals MATERIALISME SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT PEMBANGUNAN KESEJATERAAN SOSIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sabiq ◽  
Akhmad Jayadi ◽  
Imam Nawawi ◽  
Mohammad Wasil
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

Materialism and sich are the driving spirit of the community in achieving economic and financial security that saves a holistic and socially just welfare. This can be seen from the lives of people in materialistic developed countries, where the level of social stress is higher, economic inequality widens, horizontal conflict is rife. This research uses Pierre Felix Bourdieu's social theory in seeing people trust the expenditure of material with other values, such as spiritual and cultural values ​​that are no less urgent as elements of social welfare development. This study found that materialism on the one hand has a positive effect, where people are encouraged to use material standards in measuring the level of welfare they expect. On the other hand, materialism closes the presence of values ​​such as spirituality, local wisdom and agriculture in completing more holistic welfare standards.

scholarly journals How Can National Competitiveness of Less Developed Countries be Enhanced? : A Case Study of Laos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Phoxai Inthaboualy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
The Government

<p>The current literature focuses primarily on the national competitiveness of developed or developing economies. However, minimal research exists on understanding the national competitiveness of less developed countries (LDCs) whose strengths in factor endowments, government institutions and the extent of global integration are not the same as those of developed or developing countries. This study aims to fill this research gap by exploring factors contributing to the competitiveness of Laos. Laos is a small, poor and land-locked country in Southeast Asia with rich natural resources. To achieve the study objectives, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior government officials, industrial representatives, professors and NGOs in Laos. The findings suggest three key factors are critical for enhancing Lao competitiveness: factor endowments, the role of government, and global integration. Laos‘ factor endowments include hydropower, mining, agriculture, garment and textile industries, and services. Laos is interacting more with the global economy as it gets set to embrace membership of the World Trade Organisation after approximately 15 years of membership of ASEAN. The government is playing a critical role by developing Lao factor endowments and developing policies required for global integration. However, the country faces challenges of value addition to the existing natural resources, developing and leveraging human capital, and further improvement in rules and regulations.</p>

scholarly journals How Can National Competitiveness of Less Developed Countries be Enhanced? : A Case Study of Laos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Phoxai Inthaboualy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
The Government

<p>The current literature focuses primarily on the national competitiveness of developed or developing economies. However, minimal research exists on understanding the national competitiveness of less developed countries (LDCs) whose strengths in factor endowments, government institutions and the extent of global integration are not the same as those of developed or developing countries. This study aims to fill this research gap by exploring factors contributing to the competitiveness of Laos. Laos is a small, poor and land-locked country in Southeast Asia with rich natural resources. To achieve the study objectives, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior government officials, industrial representatives, professors and NGOs in Laos. The findings suggest three key factors are critical for enhancing Lao competitiveness: factor endowments, the role of government, and global integration. Laos‘ factor endowments include hydropower, mining, agriculture, garment and textile industries, and services. Laos is interacting more with the global economy as it gets set to embrace membership of the World Trade Organisation after approximately 15 years of membership of ASEAN. The government is playing a critical role by developing Lao factor endowments and developing policies required for global integration. However, the country faces challenges of value addition to the existing natural resources, developing and leveraging human capital, and further improvement in rules and regulations.</p>

Globalization and its Challenges for Teacher Education in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
A. O. K. Noah ◽  
Adesoji A. Oni ◽  
Simeon A. Dosunmu
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Developed Countries

The phenomenon of globalization is defined variously, but in general, it is defined as the establishment of a global market for goods and capital, leading to what could be described as a multiplicity of linkages and interconnections between places, events, ideas, issues, and things, irrespective of whether they are directly related or not. Globalization on the other hand cannot be a reality in any nation if its educational system is not implicitly or explicitly geared towards achieving meaningful and desirable change for that society. However, since education and indeed the (educator) teacher constitute the most viable instruments by which an emerging nation can catch up with the developed countries, globalization will therefore be a mirage if teacher education is not geared towards producing teachers who are globalization friendly, teachers who are not allergic to globalization. In view of the above, this chapter examines the concept of globalization side by side with the current goals of teacher education in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Frugal innovation: doing more with less for more

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2095) ◽  
pp. 20160372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaideep Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
The One

The global economy will face significant challenges over the next few decades. On the one hand, it must meet the needs of 7 billion consumers (growing to 9 billion by 2050), including the currently unmet basic needs of large numbers in developing countries in areas such as food, energy, housing and health. On the other hand, it must achieve this growth without exceeding the resources available on the planet or causing environmental devastation. This paper argues that such change is possible through a systemic shift to a frugal economy that involves radical, frugal innovation across sectors. Such a transformation will involve the participation of large and small firms, consumers and governments alike. The paper introduces the notion of frugal innovation—the creation of faster, better and cheaper solutions for more people that employ minimal resources—and discusses strategies and examples of such change already taking place in core sectors like manufacturing, food, automotive and energy in developing and developed economies. It also outlines the role of the interaction between large and small firms as well as between firms and consumers in making change possible, as well as the role of governments in driving change where market mechanisms alone will not suffice. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Material demand reduction’.

scholarly journals FERTILITY AND SOCIAL SECURITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Boldrin ◽  
Mariacristina De Nardi ◽  
Larry E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Jones Model ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Broad Cross Section ◽  
The One

Abstract:The data show that an increase in government provided old-age pensions is strongly correlated with a reduction in fertility. What type of model is consistent with this finding? We explore this question using two models of fertility, the one by Barro and Becker (1989), and the one inspired by Caldwell and developed by Boldrin and Jones (2002). In the Barro and Becker model parents have children because they perceive their children’s lives as a continuation of their own. In the Boldrin and Jones’ framework parents procreate because the children care about their old parents’ utility, and thus provide them with old age transfers. The effect of increases in government provided pensions on fertility in the Barro and Becker model is very small, and inconsistent with the empirical findings. The effect on fertility in the Boldrin and Jones model is sizeable and accounts for between 55 and 65% of the observed Europe–US fertility differences both across countries and across time and over 80% of the observed variation seen in a broad cross section of countries. Another key factor affecting fertility the Boldrin and Jones model is the access to capital markets, which can account for the other half of the observed change in fertility in developed countries over the last 70 years.

Pattern ethical communication in the therapeutic team

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Edyta Barnaś
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Ethical Standard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethical Communication

The time of dynamic development of the narrow medical specialties along with the progressive spread of technology in medicine, on the one hand contribute to the improvement of health care, on the other hand are often the reason for the rise in patients feel isolation as a result of fragmentary treatment of their problems. The counterweight to this state of affairs is to create a multidisciplinary therapeutic teams whose primary objective is to restore the welfare of bio-psycho-social and spiritual patient. An elementary part of the operation of the team is the process of communication at various levels. The aim of the article is to present the principles of proper communication with the patient, the whole ends in a proposition ethical standard of communication in the therapeutic team. This proposed model is by no means a ready-to-use algorithm showing what one should do and how he/she should act for it could become a routine. The author intended to present a general construct/ standard of communication, which may be “applied” for a “living” reality of dialogue in every situation.

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