scholarly journals The Efficiency of Third Age Universities in Poland: a non-Parametric DEA Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Brzezicki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
State Universities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Number Of Classes ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Non Parametric

The growing number of the elderly in many countries has made it necessary to develop a wellthought-out policy. In the European Union, the concept of lifelong learning is being promoted which includes third-age universities aimed to activate the elderly through education, learning, expanding knowledge and developing interests, as well as a way of actively spending free time and meeting new people. Third age universities (U3A) have been operating in Poland for over 40 years, but they are very rarely analysed. This article measures the efficiency of twenty U3As operating within state universities in Poland in the 2017/2018 academic year. A non-radial SBM model, which is a non-parametric DEA method, was used to analyse efficiency. The results show that seven U3As were 100% efficient. Two were in a quantitative (number of students) or a qualitative (number of classes) model, and five in both models simultaneously. However, most universities focused on the number of students rather than the number of classes offered to their students.

EFFECTIVENESS AND COMPETITIVENESS OF FAMILY FARMS IN THE SUBREGION OF BYDGOSZCZ

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (4) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Roman Sass
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Non Parametric

The paper aims to determining the farms’ capabilities to develop measured with their technical and financial effectiveness as well as the investments’ net volume. The research covers the farms from the Bydgoszcz’s sub-region (former province of Bydgoszcz) which prior to accession to the European Union took advantage of preferential loans. At the same time in the years 2004-2015 they uninterruptedly conducted accountancy in the Polish FADN system. The technical effectiveness of the farms has been determined with the use of the non-parametric DEA method – Data Envelopment Analysis, while for the purposes of the financial standing of farms’ analysts, there has been used the value creation index. In order to determine farms’ development capacity (competitive farms) the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) modified matrix has been applied. It results from the conducted studies, that in the best situation are the farms which have been rated among the group of leaders, as were characterised by the highest technical and financial effectiveness and also the highest level of net investments. The endangered farms are in the worst situation. In spite of the fact that these farms’ technical effectiveness was high, the developmental restrictions result from low scale of production. Competitiveness of farms is closely connected with their area.

scholarly journals UNIVERSITIES OF THE THIRD AGE AS A CHANCE FOR SENIORS TO INTEGRATE INTO THE MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
ŽANETA BALÁŽOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
English Language ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

International cooperation, visiting new countries, meeting new people from all over the world are typical features of these days. The Universities of the Third Age as institutions focused on senior education and their opportunities to help people of older age familiarize with new cultures, it means to integrate into the multicultural society are presented in the paper. The European Union, especially the Erasmus+ program offers chances to students of all ages as well as seniors to enhance the knowledge and skills abroad, to make friends and to improve communication skills in English language.

scholarly journals Measurement of Environmental Efficiency in the Countries of the European Union with the Enhanced Data Envelopment Analysis Method (DEA) during the Period 2005–2012

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez ◽  
Miriam García-Alguacil ◽  
Julio Terrados-Cepeda ◽  
Paulo Brito
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Dea Method

In recent years there has been growing interest in measuring the environmental efficiency of the different territories, countries and/or nations. This has led to the development of different methods applied to the evaluation of environmental efficiency such as the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. This method, supported by different studies, allows measuring relative environmental efficiency and is consolidated as a very reliable method to measure the effectiveness of environmental policies in a specific geographical area. The objective of our study is the calculation of the environmental efficiency of the 28 member countries of the European Union (EU) through the DEA method. We will collect the data regarding the last years in which there are reliable comparative data in all. We will study in reference to them, the results of the environmental policies applied in the different countries, in order to make comparisons between countries and classify them according to their environmental efficiency. Using this, two variants of calculation within the DEA method to compare in a contrasted way the results of environmental efficiency for the 28 countries of the European Union (EU) analyzed and propose possible solutions for improvement. Contributing in this work as main novelty the application of a new variant of the DEA Method, which we will call Improved Analysis Method (MAN) and that aims to agglutinate and assess more objectively, the results of the two DEA methods applied. The results show that there are 14 of the 28 countries that have a high relative environmental efficiency. However, we also find countries with very low environmental efficiency that should improve in the coming years. Coinciding precisely in this last group with countries recently admitted to the EU and where environmental policies have not yet been applied effectively and with positive results.

scholarly journals Analiza porównawcza jakości życia seniorów w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

Ekonomia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sawicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
European Union ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Economic Nature

Comparative ana lysis of the quality of life of seniors in selected countries of the European UnionFor more than twenty years, the number of elderly people in Europe has been increasing. This process is called “the graying of the continent”. The aging of societies raises many problems of a medical, social and economic nature. On the other hand, the increase in the quality of life of seniors caused less spending on medical and social care.The article attempts to analyze the quality of life of seniors in selected countries of the European Union. The level of quality of life was examined in economic aspect. Particular attention is paid to the health of the population in selected EU country and the level of poverty. The article indicates countries with the highest quality of life of the elderly and countries in which the quality of life of seniors is low.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis treatment outcome in the European Union and European Economic Area: an analysis of surveillance data from 2002‒2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basel Karo ◽  
Barbara Hauer ◽  
Vahur Hollo ◽  
Marieke J. van der Werf ◽  
Lena Fiebig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb

Monitoring the treatment outcome (TO) of tuberculosis (TB) is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention and to identify potential barriers for TB control. The global target is to reach a treatment success rate (TSR) of at least 85%. We aimed to assess the TB TO in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) between 2002 and 2011, and to identify factors associated with unsuccessful treatment. Only 18 countries reported information on TO for the whole observation period accounting for 250,854 new culture-confirmed pulmonary TB cases. The 85% target of TSR was not reached in any year between 2002 and 2011 and was on average 78%. The TSR for multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB cases at 24-month follow-up was 49%. In the multivariable regression model, unsuccessful treatment was significantly associated with increasing age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.02 per a one-year increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.02), MDR-TB (OR = 8.7, 95% CI: 5.09–14.97), male sex (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.28–1.52), and foreign origin (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.03–1.70). The data highlight that special efforts are required for patients with MDR-TB and the elderly aged ≥65 years, who have particularly low TSR. To allow for valid monitoring at EU level all countries should aim to report TO for all TB cases.

TEMPORARY PROTECTION AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Inese Stepule
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
European Union ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Temporary Protection ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

Due to social and economic changes in society, a person's ability to adapt to changing living conditions has diminished. If a person cannot adapt himself, the people around him, especially family members, suffer from this. These sufferings include such shortcomings as violence, trauma, sexual exploitation of children, etc. The study deals with temporary protection against domestic violence. The topic is relevant, since domestic violence is one of the main public health problems. Every year, a large number of people suffer from domestic violence throughout the world. Unfortunately in Latvia compared to other countries of the European Union, domestic violence is a very big problem. Not only women, but also children, the elderly, as well as men, suffer from domestic violence.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency and its determinants in the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nowak ◽  
T. Kijek ◽  
K. Domańska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Difference

The study concerns the measurement of the technical efficiency of agriculture in the 27 European Union (EU) countries in 2010. The studies were conducted based on the result-oriented DEA method assuming variable advantages of scale. Moreover, in the study, the factors affecting technical efficiency were identified, and the econometric modelling of their impact was performed with the use of the Tobit model. The studies indicate that across the 27 EU Member States, the level of the technical efficiency of agriculture is diverse, and the difference between the states with the highest and the lowest efficiencies is 40%. Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy and Malta were identified as the countries with the thoroughly technically efficient agriculture. In turn, the least technically efficient agriculture is observed for the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia and Slovakia. Taking into account the factors determining the technical agriculture efficiency, it should be noted that the stimulants have proven to be such factors as: the soil quality, the age of the head of the household and the surcharges for investments. In turn, the size of the farm appeared to be irrelevant from the viewpoint of the technical efficiency of the agricultural sector.

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